Mountains and Climate Change. From Understanding to Action

Mountains are among the regions most affected by climate change. The implications of climate change will reach far beyond mountain areas, as the contributions in the present publication prepared for the UN Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen in 2009 show. Themes discussed are water, glaciers and permafrost, hazards, biodiversity, food security, and migration. The case studies included show that concrete adaptive action has been taken in many mountain areas of the world. The publication concludes with a series of recommendations for sustainable mountain development in the face of climate change.

Das Internet als Forschungsinstrument für die Afrikanistik

L’internet est reconnue de manière générale comme un instrument de recherche valable. Bien que les langues africaines ne soient pas bien représentées sur internet il y a assez d’informations qui peuvent être découvertes dans la recherche sur terrain virtuel. Des petits vocabulaires et des descriptions de plusieurs langues africaines sont écrits par des auteurs individuels, des départements d’universités et des agences de voyages. Des textes en langues africaines sont en majorité publiés par des missionaries ou des ONGs. Ces données tendent à refléter les variantes standards des langues utilisées. Ce sont des contributions dans des forums qui sont témoins d’un langage proche de la langue parlée. On recherche les données linguistiques en utilisant les noms des langues respectives combinés avec des termes tels que “langue”, “grammaire”, “cours” ou le nom d’un auteur comme terme de recherche. Des chaînes de mots (en guillemets) qui sont très courantes dans le langage parlé et/ou écrit peuvent constituer de bons termes de recherche pour trouver des textes ou des contributions dans des forums.

Anmerkungen zu den (spät)persischen Samaria-Bullen aus dem Wadi ed-Dalije. Hellenisches, Persisches und Lokaltraditionen im Grenzgebiet der Provinz Jehud

The present article deals exemplarily with the remarkable iconographic attestations connected with the Wadi ed-Daliye (WD) findings. The discussed bullae were attached to papyri which provide a clear dating of the hoard between 375-335 BCE. Considering style and convention the preserved motives are to be classified as Persian, Greek or Greco-Persian. A major goal of the following presentation is the contextualization of the very material; this is achieved by taking into account local parallels as well as relevant attestations of the dominant / “imperial” cultures of Persia and Greece. The correlation of motives with the (often more complex, more detailed or more contoured) examples stemming from the “source-cultures” follows a clear agenda: It is methodologically based on the approach that was employed by Silvia Schroer and Othmar Keel throughout the project „Die Ikonographie Palästinas/Israels und der Alte Orient (IPIAO). Eine Religionsgeschichte in Bildern” (2005, 23ff). The WD-findings demand a careful analysis since the influencing cultures behind the imagery are deeply rooted in the field of Greek mythology and iconography. Special attention has to be drawn to the bullae, as far as excavated, from a huge Punic temple archive of Carthago (Berges 1997 and 2002) as well as those from the archive of the satrap seat in Daskyleion in the Northwest of Asia Minor (Kaptan 2002), which are chronologically close (end 5th and 4th century BCE) to the WD-finds. Not each and every single motive and artifact of the WD-corpus comprising more than 120 items can be dealt with in detail throughout the following pages. We refer to the editio princeps by Leith (1990, 1997) respectively to the concerning chapter in Keel’s Corpus volume II (Keel 2010, 340-379). The article gives a brief history of research (2.), some basic remarks on the development of style (3.) and a selection of detail-studies (4.). A crosscheck with other relevant corpora of stamp-seals (5.) as well as a compressed synthesis (6.) are contributions in order to characterize and classify the unique iconographic assemblage. There are rather few references to the late Persian coins from Samaria (Meshorer/Qedar 1999), which have been impressed about contemporaneous with the WD-bullae (372-333 BCE), as there is an article by Patrick Wyssmann in this volume about that specific corpus. Through the perspective of the late Persian iconography, Samaria appears as a dazzling metropolis at the crossroads of Greek and Persian culture, which is far away from a strict and revolutionary religious orthodoxy

Dispersive approach to hadronic light-by-light scattering and the muon ɡ − 2

The largest uncertainties in the Standard Model calculation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon (ɡ − 2)μ come from hadronic contributions. In particular, it can be expected that in a few years the subleading hadronic light-by-light (HLbL) contribution will dominate the theory uncertainty. We present a dispersive description of the HLbL tensor. This new, model-independent approach opens up an avenue towards a data-driven determination of the HLbL contribution to the (ɡ − 2)μ.

Mountains and climate chance. A global concern

Mountains are among the regions most affected by climate change. The implications of climate change will reach far beyond mountain areas, as the contributions in the present publication prepared for the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 20) in Lima 2014 show. Themes discussed are water, glaciers and permafrost, hazards, biodiversity, food security and economy. The case studies included show that concrete adaptive action has been taken in many mountain areas of the world. The publication concludes with a series of recommendations for sustainable mountain development in the face of climate change.

Mountains and climate change: A global concern

Mountains are among the regions most affected by climate change. The implications of climate change will reach far beyond mountain areas, as the contributions in the present publication prepared for the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 20) in Lima 2014 show. Themes discussed are water, glaciers and permafrost, hazards, biodiversity, food security and economy. The case studies included show that concrete adaptive action has been taken in many mountain areas of the world. The publication concludes with a series of recommendations for sustainable mountain development in the face of climate change.

Hadronic light-by-light scattering and the muon g−2

The largest uncertainties in the Standard Model calculation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon (g − 2)μ come from hadronic contributions. In particular, it can be expected that in a few years the subleading hadronic light-by-light (HLbL) contribution will dominate the theory uncertainty. We present a dispersive description of the HLbL tensor, which is based on unitarity, analyticity, crossing symmetry, and gauge invariance. Such a model-independent Approach opens up an avenue towards a data-driven determination of the HLbL contribution to the (g − 2)μ.

Fine-grained indoor positioning and tracking systems

Indoor positioning has attracted considerable attention for decades due to the increasing demands for location based services. In the past years, although numerous methods have been proposed for indoor positioning, it is still challenging to find a convincing solution that combines high positioning accuracy and ease of deployment. Radio-based indoor positioning has emerged as a dominant method due to its ubiquitousness, especially for WiFi. RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) has been investigated in the area of indoor positioning for decades. However, it is prone to multipath propagation and hence fingerprinting has become the most commonly used method for indoor positioning using RSSI. The drawback of fingerprinting is that it requires intensive labour efforts to calibrate the radio map prior to experiments, which makes the deployment of the positioning system very time consuming. Using time information as another way for radio-based indoor positioning is challenged by time synchronization among anchor nodes and timestamp accuracy. Besides radio-based positioning methods, intensive research has been conducted to make use of inertial sensors for indoor tracking due to the fast developments of smartphones. However, these methods are normally prone to accumulative errors and might not be available for some applications, such as passive positioning. This thesis focuses on network-based indoor positioning and tracking systems, mainly for passive positioning, which does not require the participation of targets in the positioning process. To achieve high positioning accuracy, we work on some information of radio signals from physical-layer processing, such as timestamps and channel information. The contributions in this thesis can be divided into two parts: time-based positioning and channel information based positioning. First, for time-based indoor positioning (especially for narrow-band signals), we address challenges for compensating synchronization offsets among anchor nodes, designing timestamps with high resolution, and developing accurate positioning methods. Second, we work on range-based positioning methods with channel information to passively locate and track WiFi targets. Targeting less efforts for deployment, we work on range-based methods, which require much less calibration efforts than fingerprinting. By designing some novel enhanced methods for both ranging and positioning (including trilateration for stationary targets and particle filter for mobile targets), we are able to locate WiFi targets with high accuracy solely relying on radio signals and our proposed enhanced particle filter significantly outperforms the other commonly used range-based positioning algorithms, e.g., a traditional particle filter, extended Kalman filter and trilateration algorithms. In addition to using radio signals for passive positioning, we propose a second enhanced particle filter for active positioning to fuse inertial sensor and channel information to track indoor targets, which achieves higher tracking accuracy than tracking methods solely relying on either radio signals or inertial sensors.

The Socioeconomics of Consumption: Solutions to the Problems of Interest, Knowledge, and Identity

This paper is a review of the socio-economic literature on consumption. Considering consumption as a social activity, it examines how consumption solves the problems of interest, knowledge, and identity. It also discusses the main themes and important contributions in each category and offers suggestions for further research.

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 658 - Berichte über die Arbeit des Instituts für Sozialforschung u.a. (p. IX 59.3-IX 63)

Grossmann, Henrik: "The Nature of Economic Crisis". Typoskript, 4 Blatt; Über die Tätigkeiten des Institutes für Sozialforschung. Verschiedene Berichte. 1940- 1941; "Report to the Trustees of the Kurt Gerlach Memorial Foundation". 25.01.1940, Typoskript, 5 Blatt; "Manuskript under preparation". Januar 1940, handschriftliche Liste, 1 Blatt; Horkheimer, Max: "Über die allgemeine Lage des Instituts". Bericht für das Advisory Bord (New York members) Meeting, 22.04.1940; sowie ein Protokoll des Treffens, Typoskript, 5 Blatt; "Annual Report on the Activities of the Société International de Recherces Sociales, Presented to the Eight General Meeting in New York City on April 27, 1940"; sowie "Report on the Activities of the International Institute of Social Research for the Year 1939". Typoskript, 13 Blatt; "Report to the Trustees of the Kurt Gerlach Memorial Foundation". 23.02.1941, Typoskript mit eigenhändigen Ergänzungen von Max Horkheimer und handschriftlichen Ergänzungen und Korrekturen von Leo Löwenthal, 7 Blatt; Liste der Veröffentlichungen und der Forschungsgebiete des Instituts für Sozialforschung; "Content of Periodicals. List of Articles and Selected Major Book Reviews Arranged According to Contibutors. List of Articles and Selected Major Book Reviews Arranged According Topics. 1934-1941". a) Typoskript, 14 Blatt; b) Typoskript , 15 Blatt; "Literatur über features". 03.02.1941, Veröffentlichungsliste, 1 Blatt; Veröffentlichungsliste zu den Gebieten Nationalsozialismus, Massenkultur, Sozialgeschichte des späteren Mittelalters; 19.12.1941, Typoskript, 1 Blatt; Ankündigung und Übersicht über die ersten Nummern der "Studies in Philosophy and Social Science". 1941; Typoskripte und Drucksachen, 3 Blatt; "Supplementary Memorandum on the Activities of the Institute from 1939 to 1941. (supplemented to December, 1942)". 1942, als Typoskript vervielfältigt, 5 Blatt; Über Organisation und Mitarbeiter des Institutes für Sozialforschung. 1943; a) Typoskript, 6 Blatt; b) Typoskript, 7 Blatt; c) Teilstück, Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 2 Blatt; d) Teilstück, Typoskript, 3 Blatt; e) Entwurf, Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 8 Blatt; "Annual Report on the Activities of the Social Studies Association, Inc.". 15.05.1943, Typoskript, 6 Blatt; "Statement of Prof. Dr. Max Horkheimer, Director of the Institut of Social Research on June 9, 1943. Reponse: Certain Charges made against the Institut of Social Research (Columbia University)". 1943; a) Typoskript, 6 Blatt; b) Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Randbemerkungen, 6 Blatt; c) deutsche Rückübersetzung, 1969, Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 4 Blatt;

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 661 - Berichte über die Arbeit des Instituts für Sozialforschung, "Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" u.a. (p. IX 78-IX 92.1a)

"Institut für Sozialforschung: Research Projects", Tabellarische Zusammenstellung (Juni 1953), Typoskript, 2 Blatt; "Institut für Sozialforschung an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Germany: Memorandum" (1953), a) Typoskript, 12 Blatt, b) Typoskript, 13 Blatt; "Projects of the Institute for Social Research" (1.7.1954), Typoskript, 5 Blatt; "Institut für Soziaforschung: Mitteilungen an die Presse" (November 1955), als Typoskript vervielfältigt, 6 Blatt; Clark: "Institut für Sozialforschung an der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität in Frankfurt am Main" (etwa 1955), Typoskript, englisch, mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, unter anderem von Max Horkheimer, 2 Blatt; "Institut für Sozialforschung" (6.3.1958), a) als Typoskript vervielfältigt, 10 Blatt, b) Typoskript, 22 Blatt, c) Kurzfassung, Typoskript, 3 Blatt, d) Teilstück, Typoskript, 1 Blatt, e) Sonderdruck, 15 Seiten; Abgeschlossene und laufende Arbeiten des Instituts. Tabellarische Zusammenstellung (1958?), Typoskript, 1 Blatt; "Laufende Studien" Tabellarische Aufstellung (25.5.1961), Typoskript, 1 Blatt; Friedrich Pollock (?): Anmerkungen zu Paul Klukes Darstellung des Instituts für Sozialforschung in dessen "Geschichte der Frankfurter Universität" (8.9.1969), Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 4 Blatt; Theodor W. Adorno: Über die Arbeiten des Instituts für Sozialforschung (Datierung unklar, etwa 1941-45), Teilstück eines Entwurfs, Typoskript mit eigenhändiger Korrektur, 2 Blatt; Über die wesentliche Aufgabe des Instituts: Vereinigung geisteswissenschaftlicher und empirischer Methoden (Datierung unklar), Typoskript, 1 Blatt; "Forschungsprojekte des Instituts" (Datierung unklar, etwa 1950), Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Ergänzungen von Friedrich Pollock, 5 Blatt; "Vorträge im Institut für Sozialforschung. Einladungen und tabellarische Aufstellungen" (1953 u.a.), 5 Blatt; "Vorlesungen und Übungen im Institut für Sozialforschung, Ankündigungen aus den Jahren 1952-64, 9 Blatt; "International Institute of Social Research: Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" (1939-42) (veröffentlicht in Studies in Philosophy and Social Science Bd. IX, 1941, S. 124-143): 1. "Research Project on Anti-Semitism", a) Typoskript, 45 Blatt;

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 662 - "Research Project on Anti-Semitism" (p. IX 92.1b-IX 92.1d)

"International Institute of Social Research: Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" (1939-42) (veröffentlicht in Studies in Philosophy and Social Science Bd. IX, 1941, S. 124-143): 1. "Research Project on Anti-Semitism", b) Typoskript, 38 Blatt, c) Typoskript, 38 Blatt, d) Typoskript mit eigenhändigen und handschriftlichen Korrekturen, 46 Blatt;

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 663 - "Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" (p. IX 92.1e-IX 92.7)

International Institute of Social Research: Research-Project on Anti-Semitism" (1939-42) (veröffentlicht in Studies in Philosophy and Social Science Bd. IX, 1941, S. 124-143):; 1. e) Typoskript, 46 Blatt, f) Teilstück, Typoskript, 1 Blatt, g) deutsche Fassung, Typoskript, 43 Blatt; 2. Entwurf, deutsch, Typoskript mit eigenhändigen Korrekturen, 6 Blatt; 3. Über das Forschungsprojekt zum Antisemitismus, Typoskript, deutsch, 1 Seite fehlt, 38 Blatt; 4. Zitate aus Werken Friedrich Nietzsches über Jude, Antisemitismus, Rasse, Heinrich Heine, Typoskript, 18 Blatt; 5. Stichwortverzeichnis zu 4., handschriftliche Notizen, 10 Blatt; 6. Über Nietzsche, eigenhändige und handschriftliche Notizen zu 4., 3 Blatt; 7. "Supplementary Statement Dec. 1942", enthält unter anderem Abschriften bzw. Kopien von Briefen der Sponsoren des Projekts und ein Memorandum über die Tätigkeiten des Instituts 1939-41, a) als Typoskript vervielfältigt, 51 Blatt und 1 Sonderdruck: "International Institute of Social Research: A Report on Its History, Aims and Activities 1933-38", b) Typoskript und Photokopien, 28 Blatt und 2 Sonderdrucke: wie bei 7.a), außerdem "Research Project on Antisemitism", Studies in Philosophy and Social Science IX, 1941;