Constrain intergalactic medium from the SZ effect map

In this paper, we try to detect the SZ effect in the 2MASS DWT clusters and less bound objects in order to constrain the warm-hot intergalactic medium distribution on large scales by cross-correlation analysis. The results of both observed WMAP and mock SZ effect map indicate that the hot gas distributes from inside as well as outside of the high density regions of galaxy clusters, which is consistent with the results of both observation and hydro simulation. Therefore, the DWT measurement of the cross-correlation would be a powerful tool to probe the missing of baryons in the universe.

Medium effect of nucleon-nucleon cross section on the isoscaling parameter alpha

The medium effect of in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section sigma(med)(NN) (alpha(m)) on the isoscaling parameter a is investigated for two couples of central nuclear reactions Ca-40 + Ca-48 and Ca-60 + Ca-48; Sn-112 + Sn-112 and Sn-124 + Sn-124 at beam energy region from 40 to 60 MeV/nucleon with isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics. It is found that there is the obvious medium effect of sigma(med)(NN) (alpha(m)) on the isoscaling parameters alpha. The mechanism for the medium effect of sigma(med)(NN) (alpha(m)) on a is investigated.

Influences of the isospin-dependence of in-medium nucleon nucleon cross-section and momentum dependent interaction on isoscaling parameter

Influences of the isospin-dependent in-medium nucleon nucleon cross-section (sigma(iso)(NN) and momentum-dependent interaction (MDI) on the isoscaling parameter a are investigated for two central collisions Ca-40 +Ca-40 and Ca-60+ Ca-60. These collisions are with isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics in the beam energy region from 40 to 60 MeV/nucleon. The isotope yield ratio R-21 (N, Z) for the above two central collisions depends exponentially on the neutron number N and proton number Z of isotopes, with an isoscaling. In particular, the isospin-dependent (sigma(iso)(NN) and MDI induce an obvious de crease of the isoscaling parameter a. The mechanism of the decreases of a by both sigma(iso)(NN) and MDI are studied respectively.

Transport parameters in neutron stars from in-medium N N cross sections

We present a numerical study of shear viscosity and thermal conductivity of symmetric nuclear matter, pure neutron matter, and beta-stable nuclear matter, in the framework of the Brueckner theory. The calculation of in-medium cross sections and nucleon effective masses is performed with a consistent two- and three-body interaction. The investigation covers a wide baryon density range as needed in the applications to neutron stars. The results for the transport coefficients in beta-stable nuclear matter are used to make preliminary predictions on the damping time scales of nonradial modes in neutron stars.

Medium-spin states in Ge-70 and the role of the g(9/2) orbital

Medium-spin states of Ge-70 have been studied via the Ni-60(C-12,2p gamma)Ge-70 reaction at 45 MeV. The ground-state band and the second 0(+) band have been extended to the 12(+) and 8(+) states, respectively. Two negative-parity bands, one of which has a coupled structure and the other has a decoupled structure, have been observed additionally. Although the latter decoupled structure was known up to the (21(-)) state from a previous experiment, the part of the level scheme up to the 15(-) state has been largely modified by the present experiment. Backbendings observed in the positive- and negative-parity yrast bands have been compared with those of the neighboring even Ge isotopes. The experimental level structure has been compared with the shell-model calculations in the model space (2p(3/2), 1f(5/2), 2(p1/2), 1g(9/2)) employing two kinds of effective interactions, one of which is an extended P + QQ interaction with monopole interactions and the other is developed from a renormalized G matrix. Microscopic structures of the observed bands have been discussed with the help of the shell-model calculations.

Medium effects on pi(-)/pi(+) in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies

Based on the isospin-dependent transport model IBUU and on the scaling model according to nucleon effective mass, effects of elastic and inelastic NN scattering cross-sections on pi(-)/pi(+) in the neutron-rich reaction Ca-48 + Ca-48 at a beam energy of 400MeV/nucleon are studied. It is found that cross-section effects of both NN elastic and inelastic scatterings affect Delta(1232), pi(-) and pi(+) productions as well as the value of pi(-)/pi(+).

Determination of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone-labeled carbohydrates by liquid chromatography and micellar electrokinetic chromatography

In this paper, the method for the derivatization of carbohydrates with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) was simplified. One-third of the derivatization time was saved. Five monosaccharide derivatives have been well separated by MEKC and HPLC under optimized conditions. Good reproducibility could be obtained with relative standard deviation (RSD) values of the migration times within 5.0 and 2.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the developed methods have been successfully applied to the analysis of carbohydrates in Aloe powder and food. These methods are quite useful for routine analysis of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in real samples. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Multivariate optimization in micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography

The optimization of the organic modifier concentration in micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC) has been achieved by a uniform design and iterative optimization method, which has been developed for the optimization of composition of the mobile phase in high performance liquid chromatography. According to the proposed method, the uniform design technique has been applied to design the starting experiments, which can reduce the number of experiments compared with traditional simultaneous methods, such as the orthano design. The hierarchical chromatographic response function has been modified to evaluate the separation quality of a chromatogram in MECC. An iterative procedure has been adopted to search the optimal concentration of organic modifiers for improving the accuracy of retention predicted and the quality of the chromatogram. Validity of the optimization method has been proved by the separation of 31 aromatic compounds in MECC. (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Ordered FePt Nanoparticle Arrays Prepared by a Micellar Method

City Univ Hong Kong

Microchip Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography Based on One Functionalized Ionic Liquid and Its Excellent Performance on Proteins Separation

Herein, one water-soluble functionalized ionic liquid (IL), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dodecanesulfonate (BAS), was designed, investigated and successfully applied to microchip micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) construction. It possessed the properties of both IL and surfactant. A fairly stable pH value similar to 7.4, which was fit to pH values of general biological buffers, was nicely placed at the optimum concentration of 20 mM BAS solution. While applying BAS solution as running buffer in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic systems, significantly enhanced electroosmotic flow (8-fold) and resolutions between analytes were obtained than that using other supporting electrolytes or surfactants.

Separation and detection of narcotic drugs on a microchip using micellar electrokinetic chromatography and electrochemiluminescence

A new approach for fast and sensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection of narcotic drugs on a microchip after separation by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) is presented, taking the cocaine and its hydrolysate ecgonine as the test analytes. The mixture of hydrophilic BMIMBF4 ionic liquid (IL) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used directly as the buffer of MEKC with less noisy baselines, lower electrophoretic current and satisfactory separation performance.

Reversed micellar solubilization extraction and separation of thorium(IV) from rare earth(III) by primary amine N1923 in ionic liquid

The extraction behavior of thorium(IV) sulfate by primary amine N1923 in imidazolium-based ionic liquid (IL) namely 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C(8)mim]PF6) was systematically studied in this paper. Results showed that the extraction behavior was quite different from that using conventional solvent as diluent. A reversed micellar solubilization extraction mechanism was proposed for the extraction of thorium(IV) by N1923/[C(8)mim]PF6 via slope analysis method and polarized optical microscopy (POM)/transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation. The salt-out agent, Na2SO4, was demonstrated to prompt this extraction mechanism.

Extraction and separation of rare earths from chloride medium with mixtures of 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-(2-ethylhexyl) ester and sec-nonylphenoxy acetic acid

BACKGROUND: 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-(2-ethylhexyl) ester (HEHEHP, H(2)A(2)) has been applied extensively to the extraction of rare earths. However, there are some limitations to its further utilization and the synergistic extraction of rare earths with mixtures of HEHEHP and another extractant has attracted much attention. Organic carboxylic acids are also a type of extractant employed for the extraction of rare earths, e.g. naphthenic acid has been widely used to separate yttrium from rare earths. Compared with naphthenic acid, sec-nonylphenoxy acetic acid (CA100, H2B2) has many advantages such as stable composition, low solubility, and strong acidity in the aqueous phase. In the present study, the extraction of rare earths with mixtures of HEHEHP and CA100 has been investigated. The separation of the rare earth elements is also studied.