Ueber eine Variante in dem Buche: Chobot ha-Lebabot

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Apologetik [Rezension]

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Verzeichnis der im Codex XXV der Leipziger Rathsbibliothek enthaltenen Gedichte

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Das Beten Gottes

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Ueber die Bedeutung von Miqsav und einige spanische melodieangebende Lieder im span. Machasor

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R. Isaak ben Jehuda ben Natanel's Geburts- oder Wohnort [Nachricht]

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Religi��se Poesie : Jehuda ha-Levi's Sehnsucht nach Jerusalem

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The Chemical Mechanism of a Brown-Rot Decay Mimtic System and its Application in Paper Recycling Processes

This work is aimed at improving our current knowledge of the non-enzymatic inecl~anisins involved in brown-rot decay, as well as the exploration of potential applications of a brown-rot mimetic model system in paper recycling processes. The study was divided into two parts. The first part focussed on the chemical mechanisms involved in chelation and reduction of iron by a low molecular weight chelator (isolated from the brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllz~m tmbeum) and its model compound 2,3- dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA). Chelation as well as free radical generation mediated by this system were studied by ESR measurement. The results indicate that the effects of the chelator/iron ratio, the pH, and other reaction parameters on hydroxyl radical generation by a Fenton type system could be determined using ESR spin-trapping techniques. The results also support the hypothesis that superoxide radicals are involved in the chelator-mediated Fenton process. In the second part of the study, the effect of a chelator-mediated Fenton system for the improvement of deinking efficiency and the n~odification of fiber and paper properties was studied. For the deinking study, copy paper was laser printed with an identical standard pattern. Then repulping and flotation operations were performed to remove ink particles. Under properly controlled deinking conditions, the chelator mediated treatment (CMT) resulted in a reduction in dirt count over that of conventional deinking procedures with no significant loss of pulp strength. To study the effect of the chelator system treatment on the quality of pulp with different fines content, a fully bleached hardwood kraft pulp was beaten to different freeness levels and treated with the chelator-mediated free radical system. The result shows that virgin fiber and heavily beaten fiber respond differently to the free radical treatment. Unbeaten fibers become more flexible and easier to collapse after free radical treatment, while beaten fibers show a reduction in fines and small materials after mild free radical treatment.

Projected near-future CO2 levels increase activity and alter defensive behaviours in the tropical squid Idiosepius pygmaeus

Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels projected to occur in the oceans by the end of this century cause a range of behavioural effects in fish, but whether other highly active marine organisms, such as cephalopods, are similarly affected is unknown. We tested the effects of projected future CO2 levels (626 and 956 ��atm) on the behaviour of male two-toned pygmy squid, Idiosepius pygmaeus. Exposure to elevated CO2 increased the number of active individuals by 19-25% and increased movement (number of line-crosses) by nearly 3 times compared to squid at present-day CO2. Squid vigilance and defensive behaviours were also altered by elevated CO2 with >80% of individuals choosing jet escape responses over defensive arm postures in response to a visual startle stimulus, compared with 50% choosing jet escape responses at control CO2. In addition, more escape responses were chosen over threat behaviours in body pattern displays at elevated CO2 and individuals were more than twice as likely to use ink as a defence strategy at 956 ��atm CO2, compared with controls. Increased activity could lead to adverse effects on energy budgets as well as increasing visibility to predators. A tendency to respond to a stimulus with escape behaviours could increase survival, but may also be energetically costly and could potentially lead to more chases by predators compared with individuals that use defensive postures. These results demonstrate that projected future ocean acidification affects the behaviours of a tropical squid species.

One-dimensional linear analysis of the compound jet

The stability of an infinitely long compound liquid column is analysed by using a one-dimensional inviscid slice model. Results obtained from this one-dimensional linear analysis are applicable to the study of compound capillary jets, which are used in the ink-jet printing technique. Stability limits and the breaking regimes of such fluid configurations are established, and, whenever possible, theoretical results are compared with experimental ones.

C��mic, arquitectura narrativa. Describiendo cuatro dimensiones con dos

C��mic, arquitectura narrativa. Describiendo cuatro dimensiones con dos. La mayor parte de los estudios con un enfoque acad��mico en torno a c��mic y arquitectura, se han centrado m��s en las distintas realidades representadas dentro del medio, en sus decorados, que en la estructura del c��mic en s��. Existe un aspecto gr��fico que se ha venido obviando o al menos no ha adquirido el protagonismo que merece: los espacios representados en el c��mic se encuentran en un medio que se concibe y estructura de una manera similar a como el arquitecto dibuja y concibe la arquitectura. En lo b��sico, hist��ricamente, las herramientas y soportes para idear y representar la arquitectura son muy parecidas a aquellas que usa el autor de c��mic. L��piz, tinta y color sobre un papel, combinadas trabajando en un tablero, ese es lugar de nacimiento de ambos mundos. A lo largo de esta tesis se muestra c��mo el dibujo une a creadores de narraciones gr��ficas y edificios. La relaci��n va m��s all�� de que el c��mic pueda utilizar las disposiciones vitruvianas, ichnographia, ortographia o scenographia, (planta, alzado, perspectiva), la propia articulaci��n que hace del espacio de la p��gina, puede sintonizar con la manera en la que se concibe una estructura arquitect��nica. La tesis inicia con un cap��tulo de recorrido en torno a las teor��as del c��mic existentes, buscando intersecciones posibles con la representaci��n arquitect��nica o el proyecto espacial. En este primer paso de estudio del estado de la cuesti��n han pesado m��s los trabajos de los ��ltimos veinticinco a��os. Se trata de un periodo en el que, a la par que se ha producido una explosi��n creativa en el mundo del c��mic, determinados te��ricos han incidido en un an��lisis m��s formal y visual del medio. Tras recoger teor��as en el primer cap��tulo, se plantea un recorrido hist��rico a la b��squeda de posibles resonancias de ���arquitecturas mentales��� en el pasado. Esta b��squeda de referentes m��s all�� del siglo XIX, momento en el que nace el medio en su forma actual, es ya un aspecto com��b en distintos estudios de c��mic que han servido de inspiraci��n. Se ha preferido ubicar esta colecci��n de antecedentes como segundo cap��tulo, evitando dar al trabajo un car��cter de historia e incidiendo en su enfoque de tipo visual. El tercer cap��tulo analiza una serie de obras y autores de c��mic en su forma actual, buscando distintas estrategias para la descripci��n de espacios y las narraciones que ocurren en ellos. El crecimiento de casos en estas ��ltimas d��cadas ha demostrado hasta qu�� punto el desarrollo de un campo depende tanto de que exista una masa cr��tica en un contexto conectado y productivo, como de la aparici��n de individuos que abren puertas a los dem��s, con la cristalizaci��n personal que hacen de una situaci��n. Se analiza en un cuarto cap��tulo la relaci��n entre la arquitectura y el c��mic modernos. Una relaci��n que se presenta partiendo desde sus respectivos padres, para despu��s tratar un elenco creciente de experiencias en el que la narraci��n gr��fica y el hecho arquitect��nico estan ��ntimamente ligados. Inspirado en la estrategia que Gubern y Gasca utilizan en El discurso del c��mic (C��tedra, 1988) se cierra la tesis con un discurso visual por las arquitecturas mentales y narrativas del c��mic: la representaci��n del espacio a trav��s de juego con las dimensiones, el uso de recursos gr��ficos propios de la descripci��n arquitect��nica, la secci��n, la planta, la utilizaci��n de elementos constructivos,etc, completando el abanico de estrategias gr��ficas presentadas. ABSTRACT Comic narrative architecture. Describing four dimensions with two Most of the studies with an academic focus around comics and architecture have centered their view more on the different realities represented in the media, in its sets, than in the structure of comics itself. There is a graphic aspect that has been ignored, or at least has not gained the prominence it deserves: the spaces rendered in the comics are set in a medium that is conceived and structured in a similar way as the architect draws and conceives architecture. In basics, tools for designing and representing architecture are very similar to those used by the cartoonist. Pencil, ink and color on paper, combined working on a board, that is birthplace of both worlds. Throughout this thesis its shown how drawing connects creators of graphic stories and buildings. The relationship goes beyond the use that comics can do of the Vitruvian provisions, ichnographia, ortographia or scenographia (plan, elevation, perspective), to the arrange itself that it makes with space on the page, in tune with the way in which architectural structures are conceived. The thesis starts with a chapter that collects existing comics theories and their possible intersection with architectural rendering. In this first step of study on the state of affairs, the focus has been over studies from the last twenty years. It is a period in which, at the same time that there has been a creative explosion in the world of comics, some theorists have worked with a more formal and visual approach. After collecting theories in the first chapter, a historical tour is made to search for possible resonances of ���mental architectures��� in the past. This search for references beyond the nineteenth century, when the medium was born in its current form, is already a regular process in various recent studies that have served as inspiration. We preferred to locate this as a second chapter, to avoid giving the work a character of History, and reenforcing its visual approach. The third chapter analyzes a series of comics and authors, looking for different strategies for describing spaces and stories that occur in them. The growth of cases in recent decades has shown how the development of a field depends both on the existence of a critical mass in a connected and productive enviroment, and the appearance of individuals who open doors to others with the personal crystallization that they make on that context. The relationship between architecture and the modern comic is analyzed in a fourth chapter. A relationship that is described starting from their parents, and then going through a growing cast of experiences in which graphic narrative and architecture are closely linked. Inspired by the strategy used Gubern and Gasca in El discurso del c��mic (C��tedra, 1988), The Comics��� Speech, the thesis concludes with a visual discourse through this narrative comic architectures: the representation of space by playing with dimensions, the use of resources for architectural rendering, section, plant, etc., to complete the range of graphical strategies presented.

O DISCURSO AMBIENTAL JORNAL��STICO, POL��TICO E EMPRESARIAL EM ��MBITO LOCAL: uma proposta de an��lise

Esta tese tem como tema principal o discurso ambiental local. Trata-se de uma proposta de an��lise, que pode ser aplicada a este tipo de discurso em qualquer localidade, e um estudo de caso, que aplicou a an��lise proposta na tese. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi analisar a informa����o local sobre meio ambiente veiculada por meio dos discursos jornal��stico, pol��tico e empresarial, estabelecendo rela����es hist��ricas, sociais e ideol��gicas do discurso ambiental que permeiam as tr��s ��reas em quest��o. A metodologia incluiu tr��s fases: pesquisa bibliogr��fica e revis��o de literatura sobre os principais conceitos levantados no trabalho; levantamento de discursos locais dispon��veis na m��dia para an��lise no estudo de caso; an��lise dos discursos a partir de protocolo elaborado com base na An��lise do Discurso de linha francesa. O estudo de caso traz a an��lise do discurso ambiental no munic��pio de Frutal-MG, onde hoje est��o em andamento v��rias pesquisas e projetos na ��rea ambiental. A principal conclus��o do trabalho confirma a hip��tese da pesquisa de que a informa����o ambiental fruto dos discursos pol��tico, jornal��stico e empresarial em ��mbito local tem car��ter predominantemente situacional, mercadol��gico e propagand��stico, pouco focada em conscientizar e educar e com ��nfase em interesses comerciais e eleitorais e na resolu����o de problemas emergenciais.

Switchable surfactant-assisted carbon nanotube coatings: innovation through pH shift

The inner surface of fused-silica capillaries has been coated with a dense/homogeneous coating of commercial multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using a stable ink as deposit precursor. Solubilization of the MWCNTs was achieved in water/ethanol/dimethylformamide by the action of a surfactant, which can switch between a neutral or an ionic form depending on the pH of the medium, which thus becomes the driving force for the entire deposition process. Careful control of the experimental conditions has allowed us to selectively deposit CNTs on the inner surface of insulating silica capillaries by a simple, reproducible, and easily adaptable method.

Performance Assessment of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrochemical Reactor under Alkaline Conditions ��� A Case Study with the Electrooxidation of Alcohols

A novel polymer electrolyte membrane electrochemical reactor (PEMER) configuration has been employed for the direct electrooxidation of propargyl alcohol (PGA), a model primary alcohol, towards its carboxylic acid derivatives in alkaline medium. The PEMER configuration comprised of an anode and cathode based on nanoparticulate Ni and Pt electrocatalysts, respectively, supported on carbonaceous substrates. The electrooxidation of PGA was performed in 1.0 M NaOH, where a cathode based on a gas diffusion electrode was manufactured for the reduction of oxygen in alkaline conditions. The performance of a novel alkaline anion-exchange membrane based on Chitosan (CS) and Poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA) in a 50:50 composition ratio doped with a 5 wt.% of poly (4-vinylpyridine) organic ionomer cross-linked, methyl chloride quaternary salt resin (4VP) was assessed as solid polymer electrolyte. The influence of 4VP anionic ionomer loading of 7, 12 and 20 wt.% incorporated into the electrocatalytic layers was examined by SEM and cyclic voltammetry (CV) upon the optimisation of the electroactive area, the mechanical stability and cohesion of the catalytic ink onto the carbonaceous substrate for both electrodes. The performance of the 4VP/CS:PVA membrane was compared with the commercial alkaline anion-exchange membrane FAA ���a membrane generally used in direct alcohol alkaline fuel cells- in terms of polarisation plots in alkaline conditions. Furthermore, preparative electrolyses of the electrooxidation of PGA was performed under alkaline conditions of 1 M NaOH at constant current density of 20 mA cm���2 using a PEMER configuration to provide proof of the principle of the feasibility of the electrooxidation of other alcohols in alkaline media. PGA conversion to Z isomers of 3-(2-propynoxy)-2-propenoic acid (Z-PPA) was circa 0.77, with average current efficiency of 0.32. Alkaline stability of the membranes within the PEMER configuration was finally evaluated after the electrooxidation of PGA.

New York, April 1990: A Photographic Record

Aquestes fotografies de Nova York i de Boston, totes en blanc i negre, es van fer en abril del 1990, amb una cambra r��flex Asahi Pentax Spotmatic II amb objectiu de 50 mm, tot fent servir negatius Kodak Safety Film 5063. El Museu de la Universitat d���Alacant en conserva una col��lecci�� completa; vuitanta-set c��pies fotogr��fiques de 32 x 24 cm amb tintes Ultrachrome sobre paper Ilford Gold Fibre Silk de 310 gr/m�� realitzades al ���Estudio Paco Mora��� de Val��ncia l���any 2015, amb digitalitzaci�� pr��via a partir dels negatius originals mitjan��ant un esc��ner Haselblad Flextight X 1 a una resoluci�� de 3.200 punts per polzada.