Ueberzeugung eines Israeliten, gegenüber dem Proselytenthum : Erwiederung auf d. Schrift d. Herrn Dr. W. B. Fränkel "Das Bekenntnis d. Proselyten. : d. Unglück d. Juden u. ihre Emanzipation in Deutschland"

von L. H. Loewenstein

Limited clinical benefit of minority K103N and Y181C-variant detection in addition to routine genotypic resistance testing in antiretroviral therapy-naive patients

OBJECTIVE: The presence of minority nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-resistant HIV-1 variants prior to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been linked to virologic failure in treatment-naive patients. DESIGN: We performed a large retrospective study to determine the number of treatment failures that could have been prevented by implementing minority drug-resistant HIV-1 variant analyses in ART-naïve patients in whom no NNRTI resistance mutations were detected by routine resistance testing. METHODS: Of 1608 patients in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, who have initiated first-line ART with two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and one NNRTI before July 2008, 519 patients were eligible by means of HIV-1 subtype, viral load and sample availability. Key NNRTI drug resistance mutations K103N and Y181C were measured by allele-specific PCR in 208 of 519 randomly chosen patients. RESULTS: Minority K103N and Y181C drug resistance mutations were detected in five out of 190 (2.6%) and 10 out of 201 (5%) patients, respectively. Focusing on 183 patients for whom virologic success or failure could be examined, virologic failure occurred in seven out of 183 (3.8%) patients; minority K103N and/or Y181C variants were present prior to ART initiation in only two of those patients. The NNRTI-containing, first-line ART was effective in 10 patients with preexisting minority NNRTI-resistant HIV-1 variant. CONCLUSION: As revealed in settings of case-control studies, minority NNRTI-resistant HIV-1 variants can have an impact on ART. However, the sole implementation of minority NNRTI-resistant HIV-1 variant analysis in addition to genotypic resistance testing (GRT) cannot be recommended in routine clinical settings. Additional associated risk factors need to be discovered.

Die Religion im Bunde mit dem Fortschritt

von einem Schwarzen [Samson Raphael Hirsch]

Der Optimismus und der Pessimismus in der jüdischen Religionsphilosophie : eine Studie über die Behandlung d. Theodicee in derselben bis auf Maimonides

von H. Goitein

Zur Geschichte der Blutbeschuldigungen gegen die Juden im Mittelalter und in der Neuzeit (1171-1883) : nach d. Quellen dargest.

von M. H. Friedländer

Die Arbeit nach der Bibel, dem Talmud und den Aussprüchen der Weisen in Israel

dargest. von M. H. Friedländer

Gnosticismus und Judenthum

von Hirsch Grätz [Heinrich Grätz]

Naftule Naftali : erste Mittheilungen aus Naphatali's Briefwechsel

hrsg. von Ben Usiel [d.i. Samson Raphael Hirsch]

Zweite Mittheilungen aus einem Briefwechsel über die neueste jüdische Literatur : ein Fragment

von Samson Raphael Hirsch

Zweite Mittheilung aus einem Briefwechsel über die neueste jüdische Literatur : ein Fragment

von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Beleuchtet von Samuel Holdheim

Iggerot safon : 19 Briefe über Judentum ; als Voranfrage wegen Herausgabe von "Versuchen" desselben Verf. über "Israel und seine Pflichten"

hrsg. von Samson Rapael Hirsch

Antisemitismus : Ursachen - Ziele

von Georg Hirsch

Die Sabbathfrage vor der dritten Rabbinerversammlung : ein Votum

von Samuel Hirsch

Restrained and external-emotional eating patterns in young overweight children-results of the ulm birth cohort study

Childhood obesity is one of the greatest public health challenges in Western countries. Abnormal eating behavior is thought to be a developmental trajectory to obesity. The Eating Pattern Inventory for Children (EPI-C) has not been used for children as young as eight years, and possible associations with body weight have not yet been established. Five hundred and twenty-one children of the Ulm Birth Cohort Study (UBCS; age eight) filled out the EPI-C and BMI was assessed. Adequacy of the scales was tested with confirmatory factor analysis and a MANOVA and cluster analysis established associations between eating patterns and BMI. The factor structure of the EPI-C was confirmed (GFI = .968) and abnormal eating behavior was associated with overweight (χ2(8) = 79.29, p<.001). The EPI-C is a valid assessment tool in this young age group. Overweight children consciously restrain their eating.

Die Geschichten der heiligen Schriften mit vielen Nutzanwendungen für die jisraelitische Jugend jedes Alters in Schule und Haus : mit 1 Zeittaf. u. 1 Charte d. heiligen Landes

von J. H. Hirsch