A natureza do gênero em português

A partir de uma definição operacional do gênero, analisa-se o gênero do nome (N), dos modificadores do N (determinante e adjetivo) e dos pronomes (Pron.) No curso dessa análise demonstra-se que o gênero em português é a rigor uma variável sintática determinada pelo valor semântico substantivo (classificador substantivo) do sintagma nominal (SN) ou do nome (N). Ao final, conclui-se que o gênero específico (MASC/FEM) tanto pode ser motivado pela referência atual do SN (matriz gramatical) quanto pela referência virtual do N (matriz lexical).

Tradução: teorias e constrastes

Este trabalho é uma discussão dós pontos em que se baseiam as duas principais correntes teóricas da Tradução: a teoria de base lingüística e a teoria de base textual e pós-estruturalista. São três as questões centrais examinadas: o conceito de Tradução, o foco do processo interpretativo do texto a ser traduzido e o problema da tipologia textual. Estes pontos são analisados tomando-se como base dados quantitativos, referentes ao sujeito gramatical, levantados em três traduções para o português de um texto literário em inglês, e em duas traduções de um texto científico.Tradução; tipologia textual.Tradução; tipologia textual.

A prática lexicográfica: onde a ciência e arte se encontram

O objetivo do trabalho é refletir sobre o fato de que a prática lexicográfica moderna tem de se assentar em uma base gramatical consistente e, ainda assim, produzir obras que possam ser facilmente entendidas por usuários comuns.

Palavras lexicais num dicionário de usos

Este artigo discute as técnicas utilizadas na organização de verbetes num dicionário de usos. Procura demonstrar que a definição, a taxionomia e a descrição gramatical das palavras lexicais se fazem do ponto de vista semântico-funcional e de acordo com a estrutura argumentai das palavras na sua função predicativa.

Causalidade, propriedade diferencial e construção de domínios nocionais

Este texto apresenta um recorte de um estudo mais amplo que teve como preocupação inicial a relação entre nominalização e transitividade em língua portuguesa. Tendo como suporte teórico a Teoria das Operações Enunciativas de A. Culioli (1990, 1999a, 1999b), caminhamos de uma análise estática e descritiva de língua, na qual essas questões têm visibilidade, para um estudo que levasse em consideração a articulação entre linguagem e línguas naturais. Esse segundo enfoque diluiu a especificidade dessas duas questões gramaticais e as direcionou para espaços de reflexão mais abstratos e comuns a qualquer problema gramatical tais como causalidade, propriedade diferencial e construção de domínios nocionais.

A referência anafórica por encapsulamento: gramática e discurso

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE

As vogais médias pretônicas na variedade do interior paulista

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A indeterminação pragmática e semântica do sujeito

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE

Preposições em textos do gênero notícia na imprensa paulista: norma e uso no ínicio do século XX

This paper proposes a reflection on processes of variation and change that occurred with the portuguese prepositions a, ate, em and para, taken as a parameter for answers in a broader context, the confrontation between the norm and use and between standard and linguistic variation. We conducted the study based on a corpus composed of all occurrences of the prepositions in question removed news of the newspaper O Combate and O Estado de Sao Paulo. Whereas the main objective of the study is to present and describe the use of these particles in newspaper articles of the Imprensa Paulista, data were collected and quantified by using the statistical package GOLDVARB, and interpretation of results relied (i) assumptions regarding the process variation in the use of prepositions and prepositions replace weak, as the preposition to, for strong prepositions (para, em, até), (ii) in comparison with the grammatical rule in effect at the time, (iii) and in the search for the existence of some historical factor that justifies the selection of a preposition rather than another. Among the hypotheses, we investigate the relationship between these prepositions and whose kind of preachers they introduce supplements: the direction of motion (abstract or concrete) or transfer (material and verbal / perceptual). This theoretical perspective was the Labovian sociolinguistics (Labov, 1972, 1994), which defines the linguistic variable as a representation of two or more different ways to convey a certain information content, being necessary to define it the following criteria set exact number of variants to establish all the multiplicity of contexts in which it appears; develop a quantitative index for measuring the values of variables

Construções gramaticais e questões estilísticas no livro Piccoli equivoci senza importanza, de Antonio Tabucchi

The translation project of some short stories of the book Piccoli equivoci senza importanza, written by the Italian writer Antonio Tabucchi, was performed during the academic years. This thesis target is to analyze grammatical and stylistic issues of the short stories; to achieve this goal, parts of the original texts and their respective translations were used. The grammar section approaches important aspects as idioms, false cognates and different verb regencies between Portuguese and Italian. The stylistic part focuses on Tabucchi´s choices regarding the narrator, focalization, types of speech and interior monologues in his texts; these options characterize the Italian writer´s style and make his stories plots intense. As a conclusion it can be noticed that this work is relevant to give a forward step in the Italian literature studies field, because it contributes to an important author style study and provides the analysis of which choices compound the text and the effects they cause

A utilização de jogos lúdico-didáticos no ensino de língua inglesa

Nowadays the accelerated development arising from globalization and the interrelation of the nations, the great increase in communication between different countries and the necessity for knowledge in different linguistic structures, the interest in learning a foreign language is crescent, and thinking about it, this work has the scope to verify how young and adult learners of a foreign language, in this case English, behave, that is, how best to develop the four language skills of the language: listening, writing, speaking, and reading and how the use of recreational and educational games can help this dichotomy between teaching-learning. The present research, theoretical and analytical basis, aims to make a study on how fun games can influence the teaching and learning of English in an audience of young and adult people and that includes a study of how human history has evolved, more precisely, as history of education was influenced by the playful and how the human mind also becomes over time. Nowadays, the playful is a tool that has been widely used pedagogically in teaching foreign languages and every day opens new manners and ways of teaching languages, always with its array of spaced more possibilities. Under this assumption, the focus of this research is discover how the use of recreational and educational games may influence grammar greater understanding and language development of young and adults students in learning English, and also what better way to introduce these games, that is, a contextualized content being discussed each time during the school way, so that the games may be, of course, used for relaxation of the students, but also (and especially) for their intellectual growth and language development

O estatuto lexical das preposições sob e sobre

This paper describes the prepositions sob and sobre in the Functional Discourse Grammar framework (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008) aiming at checking their lexical or grammatical status on the basis of classification criteria postulated by Keizer (2007). The following aspects point to their lexical status : (i) they consist of an Ascription Subact; (ii) they contain a specific content on the vertical axis signaling inferiority and superiority position in relation to a limit; (iii) they are not required by any predicate, but they are predicates by themselves, which require complementation by an argument playing Reference semantic function; (iv) they may be combined with de, em, para and por; which are genuine grammatical prepositions; and, finally, (v) they are not subjected to any phonological process of reduction and fusion.

Flutuação e gramaticalização no paradigma dos juntores em português forma, significado e história de (na) hora que

In this paper, I focus on one type of grammatical change consisting of creating periphrastic junctures from nominal sources used in relative clause contexts. This is a periphrase production mechanism that has been increasing the unstable paradigm of junctures and helping delineate Portuguese language grammar. One construction resulting from this mechanism is (na) hora que, in relation to which I propose to investigate form, meaning and history. The central aim is to show the emergence of (na) hora que, a grammaticalization instance in course, in which it is possible to catch stages of the its gradual constitution process, concerning both the syntagmatic reorganization of items with consequent morphological losses, and the constitution of meanings, with the origin of polysemies, pointing to a directionality grounded on the increase of the cognitive complexity

Análise Prosódica de segmentações não-convecionais de palavras em textos do sexto ano do EF

This paper analyzes unconventional segmentation of word found in texts of the sixth grade of Elementary School. Through quantitative and qualitative analysis, we describe the prosodic characteristics that may be motivated the hyper and hippossegmentation of words found in 27,4% of 606 investigated texts. We identified a tendency toward a more text with hippossegmentation than hypersegmentation, characteristic similar to what is reported about children’s text. Taking into account the theoretical framework of Prosodic Phonology, we argue about the relevance of prosodic word and clitic group in the description of the regularities observed in data of unconventional segmentation of word. We note that (i) in cases of hipposegmentation, it predominates the hollow of a clitic followed by a phonological word, (ii) in cases of hypersegmentation, it predominates a segmentation of a prosodic word into a clitic group. We present evidences to be the spelling of clitic elements a challenge to students analyzed. By investigating in the grammatical class that owned the clitics spelled unconventionally, we verified that they are prepositions (“em, de, com”) and pronouns (“me, lhe, lo”), a characteristic that particularize these data in relation to data from students in the early stage of language acquisition.

Algumas reflexões sobre a questão da gramaticalização de Marcadores Discursivos

In this paper, we present a discussion on the class of Discourse Markers (DMs), aiming at providing some specific contributions to studies on the grammaticalization of DMs. We highlight the fact that DMs do not constitute a grammatical class, and then we formulate a few insights on the adequacy of the notion of the “grammaticalization of DMs”.