Degradação anunciada do trabalho formal na Sadia, em Toledo (PR)

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Análise numérica de interfaces de próteses dentárias através da mecânica do dano

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Dinâmica e eficácia de trifloxysulfuron sodium + ametryn aplicado sobre palha de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum ssp)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise fotoelástica da distribuição de tensões em próteses implantossuportadas cimentadas ou parafusadas em implantes de hexágono externo, interno ou cone-morse

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Efeito da fadiga cíclica na resistência, crescimento subcrítico de trincas e tempo de vida de cerâmicas a base de alumina infiltradas por vidro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

The employment situation in Latin America and the Caribbean: Crisis, stabilization and reactivation: performance of the labour market in 2009

Following a five-year period during which economic and social performance in Latin America and the Caribbean surpassed anything seen in recent decades, the global economic and financial crisis not only hurt macroeconomic variables but also impacted heavily on labour markets in the region’s countries. Between 2003 and 2008 employment rates had risen considerably, especially in the formal sector, but the crisis spelled a reversal of this trend. Nevertheless, the region was better prepared than it had been in previous crises, since it had achieved a sound fiscal footing, a good level of international reserves and low rates of inflation. This meant that the authorities had the space to implement countercyclical policies on both fiscal and monetary levels. Be this as it may, faced with the worst global crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s, these measures could only attenuate the impact on the region’s economies —they could not prevent it altogether. Furthermore, the crisis struck with notable differences among subregions and countries depending on the nature of their trade integration, and not all the countries had the fiscal space to implement vigorous countercyclical policies. As discussed in this third ECLAC/ILO bulletin, the crisis did less damage to the region’s labour markets than had been feared at the beginning of last year, thanks to the implementation of public policies geared towards employment, as reviewed in the two previous bulletins. This bulletin offers an additional analysis from the perspective of gender equality. Moreover, some countries in the region, notably Brazil, managed to rapidly stabilize and revive economic growth, with positive effects on labour variables. The fact remains, however, that millions in Latin America and the Caribbean lost their jobs or were obliged to accept more poorly paid employment in more precarious conditions. The macroeconomic data indicate that recovery is under way and is stronger and occurring more rapidly than foreseen one year ago. In fact, regional growth in 2010 may well exceed the 4.1% forecast at the end of 2009. Consequently, although the unemployment rate may be expected to record a modest drop, it may not return to pre-crisis levels. The upturn is taking many different forms in the countries of the region. In some, especially in South America, recovery has benefited from the buoyancy of the Asian economies, whose demand for natural resources has driven large increases in exports, in terms of both volume and price. Countries whose economies are closely tied to the United States economy are benefiting from the recovery there, albeit more slowly and with a certain lag. Conversely, some countries are still suffering from major disequilibria, which are hampering their economic reactivation. Lastly, Chile and Haiti were both victims of devastating earthquakes early in the year and are therefore facing additional challenges associated with reconstruction, on top of their efforts to sustain an economic upturn. Despite the relatively favourable outlook for regional growth in 2010, great uncertainty still surrounds the global economy’s recovery, which affects the region’s economic prospects over the longer term. The weakness of the recovery in some regions and the doubts about its sustainability in others, as well as shocks that have occurred in international financial markets, are warning signs which authorities need to monitor continuously because of the region’s close integration with the global economy. In addition, a return to growth does not directly or automatically mean higher employment rates —still less decent working conditions. Although some labour indicators have performed reasonably favourably since the end of last year, the countries still face daunting challenges in improving the labour market integration of millions in Latin America and the Caribbean who are not seeing the fruits of renewed growth. This is why it is important to learn the lessons arising from the policies implemented during the crisis to offset its impact on labour markets. With this third joint bulletin, ECLAC and ILO continue to pursue their objective of affording the region the information and analyses needed to face these challenges, as regards both trends in the region’s labour markets and the corresponding policy options.

Caracterização espectroscópica e estudo do comportamento térmico dos resíduos provenientes da cana-de-açúcar

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

The impact of climate change on the water sector in the Caribbean

This study econometrically analyses the projected impact of climate change on the water sector of nine Caribbean countries to 2100: Aruba, Barbados, Dominican Republic, Guyana, Montserrat, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Saint Lucia, and Trinidad and Tobago. Overall, all countries, with the exception of Trinidad and Tobago, are expected to suffer aggregate losses as result of climate change in the early periods ca. 2020 under one or more scenarios. Over time, some countries experience declining negative impacts, as in the case of Guyana under the B2 scenario. Some countries, such as the Dominican Republic, is projected to suffer increasing losses under the B2 scenario and, for others, the impacts do not follow a defined trend. The A2 scenario offers the best outcome for all countries, except Jamaica (where BAU is most desirable), Montserrat (which performs most poorly under the A2 scenario), and the Netherlands Antilles, which does best under the B2 case. Overall, relative to 2006, the total demand for water in the Caribbean is expected to fall by 2030 by 11.3% to approximately 12,967 million cubic meters. This is due to the expected fall in agricultural water demand by approximately 36% in that period. However, by 2050, total water demand for the Caribbean will again exceed the 2006 level by approximately 4% to 14,896.33 106 m3. By 2100, water demand will increase almost fivefold to approximately 69,233.69 106 m3. Climate change is expected to affect all countries in the Caribbean. In some cases, there will be positive impacts that may continue to increase over time and, in other cases, the impact will be negative and worsen over time. Overall, the agricultural sector is expected to suffer the worst losses over any scenario, whilst growth in the industrial sectors is expected to be significant and contribute the most to increasing water demand over time.

An assessment of the economic impact of climate change on the water sector in Grenada

Changing precipitation patterns and temperature relate directly to water resources and water security. This report presents the findings of an assessment of the water sector in Grenada with respect to the projected impact of climate change. Grenada‘s water resources comprise primarily surface water, with an estimated groundwater potential to satisfy about 10%-15% of the present potable requirement. On the smaller islands Carriacou and Petite Martinique, domestic water is derived exclusively from rainwater catchments. Rainfall seasonality is marked and the available surface water during the dry season declines dramatically. Changing land use patterns, increase in population, expansion in tourism and future implementation of proposed irrigation schemes are projected to increase future water requirements. Economic modeling approaches were implemented to estimate sectoral demand and supply between 2011 and 2050. Residential, tourism and domestic demand were analysed for the A2, B2 and BAU scenarios as illustrated. The results suggest that water supply will exceed forecasted water demand under B2 and BAU during all four decades. However under the A2 scenario, water demand will exceed water supply by the year 2025. It is important to note that the model has been constrained by the omission of several key parameters, and time series for climate indicators, data for which are unavailable. Some of these include time series for discharge data, rainfall-runoff data, groundwater recharge rates, and evapotranspiration. Further, the findings which seem to indicate adequacy of water are also masked by seasonality in a given year, variation from year to year, and spatial variation within the nation state. It is imperative that some emphasis be placed on data generation in order to better project for the management of Grenada‘s water security. This analysis indicates the need for additional water catchment, storage and distribution infrastructure, as well as institutional strengthening, in order to meet the future needs of the Grenadian population. Strategic priorities should be adopted to increase water production, increase efficiency, strengthen the institutional framework, and decrease wastage. Grenada has embarked on several initiatives that can be considered strategies toward adaptation to the variabilities associated with climate change. The Government should ensure that these programs be carried out to the optimal levels for reasons described above. The ―no-regrets approach‖ which intimates that measures will be beneficial with or without climate change should be adopted. A study on the Costs of Inaction for the Caribbean in the face of climate change listed Grenada among the countries which would experience significant impacts on GDP between now and 2100 without adaptation interventions. Investment in the water sector is germane to building Grenada‘s capacity to cope with the multivariate impact of changes in the parameters of climate.

Mineração multirrelacional de regras de associação em grandes bases de dados

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Computação - IBILCE

Dinâmica populacional do camarão sete-barbas Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea: Decapoda) na Baía da Batitonga, Estado de Santa Catarina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Morfologia e distribuição dos estágios larvais de representantes das famílias Diogenidae e Paguridae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) obtidas no nêuston da região de Ubatuba, SP

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBB

Planejamento da expansão de sistemas de transmissão considerando análise de confiabilidade e incertezas na demanda futura

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Recuperação escolar: um trabalho com alunos em defasagem de aprendizagem nos anos inciais do ensino fundamental

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo da viabilidade econômica para a utilização da semente da euterpe oleracea mart. (açaí) como recurso energético

Este trabalho tem como objetivo o estudo da viabilidade econômica para a utilização da semente da Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) como recurso energético na cidade de Belém-PA. Para isso foi feito um levantamento de campo dos pontos de venda e bairros de maior produção de açaí, realizando em seguida os ensaios das propriedades termogravimétricas das sementes: Teor de umidade, teor de voláteis, teor de cinzas, teor de carbono fixo e o poder calorífico superior. O levantamento dos pontos possibilitou a criação de um banco de dados, utilizando o software Microsoft Acess, o qual fornece relatórios com a identificação do nome do proprietário, assim como número de sacas que ele processa por dia, peso da saca e o potencial energético de cada produtor. Foi utilizado ainda o Microsoft ARC VIEW, de fácil interação com o Acess e que possibilitou a criação de um mapa atualizado dos pontos de venda para a cidade de Belém-PA. De posse desses dados passou-se para o estudo das rotas de transportes, através do Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) GOOGLE EARTH. Foram determinadas rotas, através do método do Centróide, ou seja, o ponto de maior concentração da variável de estudo, neste caso, a semente de açaí, para o transporte da biomassa até seu destino final que é a UFPA, onde se encontra a usina que utiliza a biomassa como combustível para gerar energia. No cálculo da viabilidade econômica, utilizaram-se os parâmetros da usina de geração de energia elétrica do Grupo de Energia, Biomassa e Meio Ambiente EBMA, juntamente com os dados do consumo de energia elétrica da Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA no período de 06/2006 a 06/2007, fazendo-se comparação nos valores obtidos nos levantamentos e a confirmação do quanto a UFPA economizaria em termos financeiros com a utilização da energia oriunda da queima de biomassa. Concluindo-se assim que a semente de açaí como recurso energético é economicamente viável para suprir toda a energia da UFPA, uma vez que o custo da energia elétrica fornecida pela Concessionária CELPA mostrou ser superior ao custo da geração com o sistema utilizado, ocorrendo assim, uma economia no valor final do consumo de energia elétrica.