Biomonitoring of Microcystin and Aflatoxin Co-Occurrence in Aquaculture Using Immunohistochemistry and Genotoxicity Assays

This work investigated the effects of co-occurring aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) and microcystin (MC) in aquaculture, using immunohistochemistry and genotoxicity methods. Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were exposed to AFB(1) by intraperitoneal and MC (cell extract of Microcystis aeruginosa) by intraperitoneal and immersion routes. The interaction of MC-AFB(1) was evaluated co-exposing the intraperitoneal doses. Blood samples were collected after 8, 24, and 48h to analyze the micronucleus frequency and comet score. The interaction of MC-AFB(1) showed a synergic mutagenic response by higher micronucleus frequency of co-exposed group. A slight genotoxic synergism was also observed in the comet score. Immunohistochemistry detected MC in al lthe fish liver tissues exposed to MC by intraperitoneal route, and only the immersed group with the highest dose of MC showed a positive response. Although MC was non-detectable in the edible muscle, the combination of immunohistochemistry with genotoxicity assay was an attractive biomonitoring tool in aquaculture, where the animals were frequently exposed to co-occurring synergic hazards.

Measurement of Direct Photons in Au plus Au Collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV

We report the measurement of direct photons at midrapidity in Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. The direct photon signal was extracted for the transverse momentum range of 4 GeV/c < pT < 22 GeV/c, using a statistical method to subtract decay photons from the inclusive photon sample. The direct photon nuclear modification factor R-AA was calculated as a function of p(T) for different Au + Au collision centralities using the measured p + p direct photon spectrum and compared to theoretical predictions. R-AA was found to be consistent with unity for all centralities over the entire measured pT range. Theoretical models that account for modifications of initial direct photon production due to modified parton distribution functions in Au and the different isospin composition of the nuclei predict a modest change of R-AA from unity. They are consistent with the data. Models with compensating effects of the quark-gluon plasma on high-energy photons, such as suppression of jet-fragmentation photons and induced-photon bremsstrahlung from partons traversing the medium, are also consistent with this measurement.

The CUPID (Cultural and Psychosocial Influences on Disability) Study: Methods of Data Collection and Characteristics of Study Sample

Background: The CUPID (Cultural and Psychosocial Influences on Disability) study was established to explore the hypothesis that common musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and associated disability are importantly influenced by culturally determined health beliefs and expectations. This paper describes the methods of data collection and various characteristics of the study sample. Methods/Principal Findings: A standardised questionnaire covering musculoskeletal symptoms, disability and potential risk factors, was used to collect information from 47 samples of nurses, office workers, and other (mostly manual) workers in 18 countries from six continents. In addition, local investigators provided data on economic aspects of employment for each occupational group. Participation exceeded 80% in 33 of the 47 occupational groups, and after pre-specified exclusions, analysis was based on 12,426 subjects (92 to 1018 per occupational group). As expected, there was high usage of computer keyboards by office workers, while nurses had the highest prevalence of heavy manual lifting in all but one country. There was substantial heterogeneity between occupational groups in economic and psychosocial aspects of work; three-to fivefold variation in awareness of someone outside work with musculoskeletal pain; and more than ten-fold variation in the prevalence of adverse health beliefs about back and arm pain, and in awareness of terms such as "repetitive strain injury" (RSI). Conclusions/Significance: The large differences in psychosocial risk factors (including knowledge and beliefs about MSDs) between occupational groups should allow the study hypothesis to be addressed effectively.

Measurement of prompt J/psi and beauty hadron production cross sections at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV

The ALICE experiment at the LHC has studied J/psi production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV through its electron pair decay on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity L-int = 5.6 nb(-1). The fraction of J/psi from the decay of long-lived beauty hadrons was determined for J/psi candidates with transverse momentum p(t) > 1,3 GeV/c and rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9. The cross section for prompt J/psi mesons, i.e. directly produced J/psi and prompt decays of heavier charmonium states such as the psi(2S) and chi(c) resonances, is sigma(prompt J/psi) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 8.3 +/- 0.8(stat.) +/- 1.1 (syst.)(-1.4)(+1.5) (syst. pol.) mu b. The cross section for the production of b-hadrons decaying to J/psi with p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c and vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9 is a sigma(J/psi <- hB) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 1.46 +/- 0.38 (stat.)(-0.32)(+0.26) (syst.) mu b. The results are compared to QCD model predictions. The shape of the p(t) and y distributions of b-quarks predicted by perturbative QCD model calculations are used to extrapolate the measured cross section to derive the b (b) over bar pair total cross section and d sigma/dy at mid-rapidity.

Mutations in CTC1, encoding conserved telomere maintenance component 1, cause Coats plus

Coats plus is a highly pleiotropic disorder particularly affecting the eye, brain, bone and gastrointestinal tract. Here, we show that Coats plus results from mutations in CTC1, encoding conserved telomere maintenance component 1, a member of the mammalian homolog of the yeast heterotrimeric CST telomeric capping complex. Consistent with the observation of shortened telomeres in an Arabidopsis CTC1 mutant and the phenotypic overlap of Coats plus with the telomeric maintenance disorders comprising dyskeratosis congenita, we observed shortened telomeres in three individuals with Coats plus and an increase in spontaneous gamma H2AX-positive cells in cell lines derived from two affected individuals. CTC1 is also a subunit of the alpha-accessory factor (AAF) complex, stimulating the activity of DNA polymerase-alpha primase, the only enzyme known to initiate DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Thus, CTC1 may have a function in DNA metabolism that is necessary for but not specific to telomeric integrity.

Academic and clinical preparation in speech-language pathology and audiology: a global training consortium

ABSTRACT: Purpose: To describe a research-based global curriculum in speech-language pathology and audiology that is part of a funded cross-linguistic consortium among 2 U.S. and 2 Brazilian universities. Method: The need for a global curriculum in speechlanguage pathology and audiology is outlined, and different funding sources are identified to support development of a global curriculum. The U.S. Department of Education’s Fund for the Improvement of Post-Secondary Education (FIPSE), in conjunction with the Brazilian Ministry of Education (Fundacao Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior; CAPES), funded the establishment of a shared research curriculum project, “Consortium for Promoting Cross-Linguistic Understanding of Communication Disabilities in Children” for East Tennessee State University and the University of Northern Iowa and 2 Brazilian universities (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria and Universidade de São Paulo-Baurú). Results: The goals and objectives of the research-based global curriculum are summarized, and a description of an Internet-based course, “Different Languages, One World,” is provided Conclusion: Partnerships such as the FIPSE–CAPES consortium provide a foundation for training future generations of globally and research-prepared practitioners in speechlanguage pathology and audiology.

Biomonitoring of microcystin and aflatoxin co-occurrence in aquaculture using immunohistochemistry and genotoxicity assays

This work investigated the effects of co-occurring aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and microcystin (MC) in aquaculture, using immunohistochemistry and genotoxicity methods. Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were exposed to AFB1 by intraperitoneal and MC (cell extract of Microcystis aeruginosa) by intraperitoneal and immersion routes. The interaction of MC-AFB1 was evaluated co-exposing the intraperitoneal doses. Blood samples were collected after 8, 24, and 48h to analyze the micronucleus frequency and comet score. The interaction of MC-AFB1 showed a synergic mutagenic response by higher micronucleus frequency of co-exposed group. A slight genotoxic synergism was also observed in the comet score. Immunohistochemistry detected MC in al lthe fish liver tissues exposed to MC by intraperitoneal route, and only the immersed group with the highest dose of MC showed a positive response. Although MC was non-detectable in the edible muscle, the combination of immunohistochemistry with genotoxicity assay was an attractive biomonitoring tool in aquaculture, where the animals were frequently exposed to co-occurring synergic hazards.

Biomarkers and Bacterial Pneumonia Risk in Patients with Treated HIV Infection: A Case-Control Study

Background: Despite advances in HIV treatment, bacterial pneumonia continues to cause considerable morbidity and mortality in patients with HIV infection. Studies of biomarker associations with bacterial pneumonia risk in treated HIVinfected patients do not currently exist. Methods: We performed a nested, matched, case-control study among participants randomized to continuous combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in the Strategies for Management of Antiretroviral Therapy trial. Patients who developed bacterial pneumonia (cases) and patients without bacterial pneumonia (controls) were matched 1:1 on clinical center, smoking status, age, and baseline cART use. Baseline levels of Club Cell Secretory Protein 16 (CC16), Surfactant Protein D (SP-D), C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and d-dimer were compared between cases and controls. Results: Cases (n = 72) and controls (n = 72) were 25.7% female, 51.4% black, 65.3% current smokers, 9.7% diabetic, 36.1% co-infected with Hepatitis B/C, and 75.0% were on cART at baseline. Median (IQR) age was 45 (41, 51) years with CD4+ count of 553 (436, 690) cells/mm3. Baseline CC16 and SP-D were similar between cases and controls, but hsCRP was significantly higher in cases than controls (2.94 mg/mL in cases vs. 1.93 mg/mL in controls; p = 0.02). IL-6 and d-dimer levels were also higher in cases compared to controls, though differences were not statistically significant (p-value 0.06 and 0.10, respectively). Conclusions: In patients with cART-treated HIV infection, higher levels of systemic inflammatory markers were associated with increased bacterial pneumonia risk, while two pulmonary-specific inflammatory biomarkers, CC16 and SP-D, were not associated with bacterial pneumonia risk.

Gold ion implantation into alumina using an “inverted ion source” configuration.

We describe an approach to ion implantation in which the plasma and its electronics are held at ground potential and the ion beam is injected into a space held at high negative potential, allowing considerable savings both economically and technologically. We used an “inverted ion implanter” of this kind to carry out implantation of gold into alumina, with Au ion energy 40 keV and dose (3–9) × 1016 cm−2. Resistivity was measured in situ as a function of dose and compared with predictions of a model based on percolation theory, in which electron transport in the composite is explained by conduction through a random resistor network formed by Au nanoparticles. Excellent agreement is found between the experimental results and the theory.

Seminario Internacional, la publicación de artículos científicos, del ámbito de las actividades físicas y deportivas, en revistas indexadas y con factor de impacto

[ES] Se debatió sobre las situación actual de las publicaciones científicas en España del ámbito de la educación física y del deporte. También se debatió del papel de los investigadores y su producción. Contiene: Inauguración del Seminario Análisis de las revistas españolas de Ciencias de la actividad física y el deporte. El caso Apunts/Javier Olivera Beltrán. Publicación de artículos científicos en revistas especializadas relacionadas con el entrenamiento deportivo/Juan Manuel García. Los contenidos y estructura de la revista "Acción motriz"/José Hernández Moreno y Antonio González Molina. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte/ Vicente Martínez de Haro. Publicar en revistas especializadas del ámbito de la Educación Física y Deportiva/José Devís Devís. El camino hacia la evaluación de las revistas científicas españolas en E.F y Deportes/ Julio A. Martínez Morilla. Incorp Tecn de Red de Trab a través de Rep Inst en Rev de la Act Fís y Dep: Proy JHPE/José Pérez Turpín, Juan Chinchilla Mira. How to get a paper published in EPER... and other English-speaking (Impact Factor) journals/Ken Green. Conclusiones del Seminario.

Partizioni di un intero

Questa tesi di laurea tratta delle partizioni di un intero positivo. La tesi viene suddivisa in tre capitoli: nel primo capitolo definirò cosa significa scomporre additivamente un intero positivo e come si può rappresentare una partizione cioè utilizzando diagrammi, chiamati \textit{diagrammi di Ferrers}, o tabelle, chiamate \textit{tableau di Young}, si possono rappresentare graficamente partizioni. In seguito, in questo capitolo, verrà definita la funzione di partizione e, infine, tratterò delle partizioni ordinate. Il secondo capitolo ha carattere storico: infatti, mostra come cinque famosi matematici, Eulero, Ramanujan e Hardy, Hans Rademacher e Ken Ono, nel tempo abbiano affrontato il problema di trovare una formula matematica che meglio rappresenti la funzione di partizione. Il terzo ed ultimo capitolo riguarda le applicazioni delle partizioni, cioè come esse abbiano una relazione con le classi di coniugio nel gruppo simmetrico $S_{n}$ e con le classificazioni dei gruppi abeliani di ordine $p^{n}$, con p un numero primo. Di alcune affermazioni ( o teoremi ) nei capitoli seguenti non è stata riportata la dimostrazione; in questi casi si rimanda direttamente alle corrispondenti citazioni bibliografiche. 

Die Praktische Philosophie in der Praxis und ihre Perspektiven für die Didaktik der Philosophie und Ethik

Die vorliegende Arbeit setzt sich zum Ziel, die gesellschaftliche Relevanz der Praktischen Philosophie vor allem für die beiden Strömungen der Philosophischen Praxis als Beratung und der Fachdidaktik der Philosophie und Ethik aufzuzeigen.rnDabei sollen die umfassenden Themenfelder der philosophischen Praxis in einen systematischen Zusammenhang gebracht und auf die Grundfragen der Praktischen Philosophie und ihre Methoden zurückgeführt werden.rnZentraler Bestandteil dieser Fundierung lebensrelevanter Bereiche philosophischer Praxis sind neben den methodischen Perspektiven der Praktischen Philosophie (Phänomenologie, Hermeneutik, Dialektik) vor allem anthropologische und allgemein ethische Fragestellungen. In Form einer integralen Philosophie und Ethik können diese philosophischen Kompetenzen dazu beitragen, sowohl in beratenden Berufen als auch in Berufen des Bildungssektors Hilfestellungen zu leisten. rnEin Anliegen der Philosophischen Praxis besteht dabei darin, das Selbstverständnis und Weltverständnis des Menschen in seiner Entwicklung zu fördern. Innerhalb dieses Bildungsprozesses der menschlichen Orientierungsfähigkeit in der Gesellschaft leisten gerade kulturanthropologische Untersuchungen zu kulturellen Phänomenen wertvolle Beiträge und sind daher für eine Deutung von Menschenbildern und kulturellen Ausprägungen fruchtbar zu machen. Das fachliche Selbstverständnis dieser Disziplin ist an der Schnittstelle verschiedener Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften angesiedelt und liefert aufgrund seiner Alltags- und Lebensnähe eine wissenschaftliche Haltung im Sinne der Philosophischen Praxis, die sowohl den individuellen Menschen als auch seine wissenschaftliche Erforschung und Deutung im Blick hat.rnDies ist vor allem für fachdidaktische Überlegungen im Rahmen eines schulischen Philosophie- und Ethikunterrichts relevant, denen an sowohl fachwissenschaftlichen Diskursen als auch an Problemfragen der jeweils persönlich betroffenen Lerngruppe gelegen ist.rnDie Perspektiven der Philosophischen Praxis als Strömung der Praktischen Philosophie bestehen darin, für die Didaktik der Philosophie ein Instrumentarium in Form von Methoden, Problemfragen und Inhalten zusammenzustellen, das auch der Philosophie als Universitäts- und Unterrichtsfach neue Wege eröffnen kann.rnDaher soll die vorliegende Arbeit deutlich machen, dass die bisher in der akademischen Philosophie kaum oder wenig beachtete Form der Philosophischen Praxis als wichtiger Teil der Didaktik der Philosophie und Ethik erkannt werden kann. Die Philosophische Praxis in der hier zusammengestellten Form kann daher wichtige Impulse für eine sich entwickelnde Didaktik der Philosophie und Ethik liefern. rnDie Philosophie leistet dabei einen wichtigen Beitrag für einen integralen Bildungsbegriff. Die untersuchten Autoren und philosophischen Strömungen lassen erkennen, dass die Tradition der Philosophischen Praxis und Selbstsorge seit der Antike eine bedeutende Strömung der Philosophie darstellt, deren Wiederaufnahme von gesellschaftlicher Relevanz sein kann, da sie sich gerade zu Fragen der „Selbstfindung“, „Selbstverwirklichung“ und „Glückssuche“, wie sie in der Gegenwart virulent sind, philosophisch fundiert zu äußern vermag. Vor allem philosophiedidaktische Überlegungen sollten die an dieser Stelle bedeutsamen Konvergenzen akademischer Philosophie und alltäglicher Problemfragen, wie sie im schulischen Kontext zu stellen sind, berücksichtigen. Die im zweiten Teil der Arbeit durchgeführte kritische Untersuchung und Gegenüberstellung philosophiedidaktischer Positionen konnte zeigen, inwiefern verschiedene didaktische Konzepte Bezüge zu Themenfeldern der Philosophischen Praxis aufweisen. Dadurch konnte die Arbeit zeigen, inwiefern die zwei Bereiche der beratenden und schulischen Praxis der Philosophie im Zusammenhang stehen.rn

Immunomodulatory therapy to achieve maximum efficacy: doses, monitoring, compliance, and self-infusion at home

The Oxford Programme for Immunomodulatory Immunoglobulin Therapy has been operating since 1992 at Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals in the UK. Initially, this program was set up for patients with multifocal motor neuropathy or chronic inflammatory demyelinating poly-neuropathy to receive reduced doses of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in clinic on a regular basis (usually every 3 weeks). The program then rapidly expanded to include self-infusion at home, which monitoring showed to be safe and effective. It has been since extended to the treatment of other autoimmune diseases in which IVIG has been shown to be efficacious.

The Arabidopsis PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE2 protein is a phototropin signaling element that regulates leaf flattening and leaf positioning

In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the blue light photoreceptor phototropins (phot1 and phot2) fine-tune the photosynthetic status of the plant by controlling several important adaptive processes in response to environmental light variations. These processes include stem and petiole phototropism (leaf positioning), leaf flattening, stomatal opening, and chloroplast movements. The PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE (PKS) protein family comprises four members in Arabidopsis (PKS1-PKS4). PKS1 is a novel phot1 signaling element during phototropism, as it interacts with phot1 and the important signaling element NONPHOTOTROPIC HYPOCOTYL3 (NPH3) and is required for normal phot1-mediated phototropism. In this study, we have analyzed more globally the role of three PKS members (PKS1, PKS2, and PKS4). Systematic analysis of mutants reveals that PKS2 (and to a lesser extent PKS1) act in the same subset of phototropin-controlled responses as NPH3, namely leaf flattening and positioning. PKS1, PKS2, and NPH3 coimmunoprecipitate with both phot1-green fluorescent protein and phot2-green fluorescent protein in leaf extracts. Genetic experiments position PKS2 within phot1 and phot2 pathways controlling leaf positioning and leaf flattening, respectively. NPH3 can act in both phot1 and phot2 pathways, and synergistic interactions observed between pks2 and nph3 mutants suggest complementary roles of PKS2 and NPH3 during phototropin signaling. Finally, several observations further suggest that PKS2 may regulate leaf flattening and positioning by controlling auxin homeostasis. Together with previous findings, our results indicate that the PKS proteins represent an important family of phototropin signaling proteins.