Sozialisation und Sport im Lebensverlauf. Jahrestagung der dvs-Sektion Sportsoziologie in Kooperation mit der dvs-Sektion Sportpädagogik vom 17.-19. September 2008 in Chemnitz. Abstracts

Sportliche Aktivitäten sind in vielfältiger Art und Weise in sozial strukturierte Handlungssituationen eingebettet und institutionalisiert. Dabei sind soziale Strukturen des Sports in Form von Regeln, Normen, Werten und Rollen für das sportliche Handeln von wichtiger Bedeutung. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellen sich folgende Fragen aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven: Wie erwerben Menschen im Sport soziale Handlungsfähigkeit und Rollensicherheit, die sozial konformes und gleichzeitig eigenständiges Handeln ermöglichen? Inwieweit lassen sich die im Sport erworbenen sozialen Kompetenzen, Handlungsorientierungen und Werte auch auf andere Bereiche übertragen? Von welchen sozialen Faktoren ist der Zugang zu gruppenbezogenen Sportaktivitäten abhängig? Der vorliegende Tagungsband enthält alle Abstracts zu den Hauptvorträgen sowie den Vorträgen aus den Arbeitskreisen der Jahrestagung der dvs-Sektion Sportsoziologie in Kooperation mit der Sektion Sportpädagogik, die vom 17.-19. September 2008 in Chemnitz stattfand. Der Band gibt damit einen umfassenden Überblick zur aktuellen Diskussion der sportbezogenen Sozialisationsforschung.

Ovarian stimulation to cryopreserve fertilized oocytes in cancer patients can be started in the luteal phase

OBJECTIVE: To analyze if oocytes can be obtained in all patients before cancer treatment within 2 weeks by initiating ovarian stimulation during the follicular or luteal phase. DESIGN: Prospective controlled multicenter trial. SETTING: Four university-based centers. PATIENT(S): Forty cancer patients before chemotherapy. INTERVENTION(S): Twenty-eight patients were stimulated with gonadotropins in the follicular phase (group I). In 12 patients (group II), ovarian stimulation was initiated in the luteal phase, and these received GnRH antagonists and recombinant FSH. In 14 patients, 143 oocytes were further processed for fertilization by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Number of oocytes aspirated after ovarian stimulation, cumulative FSH/hMG dosage, viability and maturity of oocytes, and fertilization rate by ICSI. RESULT(S): Patients in group I (age 27.6 +/- 4.9 yrs) were stimulated on average for 10.6 days, and patients in group II (age 31.2 +/- 5.7 yrs) for 11.4 days. Total amount of FSH was on average 2,255 IU (I) and 2,720 IU (II) per patient. Average and median numbers of aspirated oocytes were, respectively, 13.1 and 11.5 (I) versus 10.0 and 8.5 (II); 83.7% (I) and 80.4% (II) of the oocytes were mature and viable and could be treated by ICSI. Fertilization rate was 61.0% (I) versus 75.6% (II). CONCLUSION(S): This pilot study suggests that oocytes can be obtained before cancer treatment efficiently irrespective of the phase of the menstrual cycle.

In search of optimal compression therapy for venous leg ulcers: a meta-analysis of studies comparing diverse [corrected] bandages with specifically designed stockings

OBJECTIVE: In search of an optimal compression therapy for venous leg ulcers, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed of randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing compression systems based on stockings (MCS) with divers bandages. METHODS: RCT were retrieved from six sources and reviewed independently. The primary endpoint, completion of healing within a defined time frame, and the secondary endpoints, time to healing, and pain were entered into a meta-analysis using the tools of the Cochrane Collaboration. Additional subjective endpoints were summarized. RESULTS: Eight RCT (published 1985-2008) fulfilled the predefined criteria. Data presentation was adequate and showed moderate heterogeneity. The studies included 692 patients (21-178/study, mean age 61 years, 56% women). Analyzed were 688 ulcerated legs, present for 1 week to 9 years, sizing 1 to 210 cm(2). The observation period ranged from 12 to 78 weeks. Patient and ulcer characteristics were evenly distributed in three studies, favored the stocking groups in four, and the bandage group in one. Data on the pressure exerted by stockings and bandages were reported in seven and two studies, amounting to 31-56 and 27-49 mm Hg, respectively. The proportion of ulcers healed was greater with stockings than with bandages (62.7% vs 46.6%; P < .00001). The average time to healing (seven studies, 535 patients) was 3 weeks shorter with stockings (P = .0002). In no study performed bandages better than MCS. Pain was assessed in three studies (219 patients) revealing an important advantage of stockings (P < .0001). Other subjective parameters and issues of nursing revealed an advantage of MCS as well. CONCLUSIONS: Leg compression with stockings is clearly better than compression with bandages, has a positive impact on pain, and is easier to use.