Fate of Some New Fungicides (Cyprodinil, Fludioxonil, Pyrimethanil, and Tebuconazole) from Vine to Wine

The fate of four new fungicides (cyprodinil, fludioxonil, pyrimethanil, and tebuconazole) from the treatment on vine to the production of wine was studied. The influence of clarifying agents (bentonite, charcoal, potassium caseinate, gelatin, and polyvinylpolypyrrolidone) on residue concentrations in wine was also studied. The fungicide residues on grapes showed different decay rates after treatment, with first-order kinetics and half-lives ranging from 8 to 57 days. Grape processing into wine caused considerable residue reduction with cyprodinil (ca. 80%), fludioxonil (ca. 70%), and tebuconazole (ca. 50%) and no reduction with pyrimethanil. The two wine-making techniques employed (with and without maceration) had the same influence on the residue concentrations in wine, except for fludioxonil which showed maximum residue reduction with vinification with maceration. Among the clarifying agents tested, only charcoal showed effective action on the elimination of residue content in wine, proving complete elimination, or almost, of fungicide residues.

Contar con todos: caja de herramientas para la inclusión de pueblos indígenas y afrodescendientes en los censos de población y vivienda

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Integración regional, desarrollo y equidad

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Evaluation of creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities after laparoscopic or conventional ovariectomy in queens

Creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are mainly muscle-specific enzymes, which can be associated with muscle tissue damage. The aim of this study was to assess the activities of CK and AST during the postoperative period, after conventional (G1) and videolaparoscopic ovariectomy (G2), in queens. A further group (G3) was subjected to anaesthesia only. Results demonstrate that there were significant differences between groups. The highest levels of CK were recorded in Gl, however at a confidence level of p < 0.05 there was no significant difference between groups during the first 6 hours after surgery. A significant (p < 0.05) increase of CK values was identified between 0h and 3h in both groups (Gl and G2). Regarding AST activity there was no significant variation between groups, but again there was a significant difference between values at 0h and 3h after surgery. In conclusion, ovariectomy performed by videolap-aroscopy seems to cause less muscle damage when compared to the conventional method. © 2009 by Verlag Hans Huber, Hogrefe AG, Bem.

Las dimensiones sociales de la integración regional en América Latina

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Aspectos sociales de la integración regional

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Mercados de trabajo, competitividad y convergencia

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Resúmenes de documentos sobre cooperación entre países en desarrollo

Recoge, sistematiza y presenta la informacion relevante sobre cooperacion tecnica producida por diversas organizaciones e instituciones regionales e internacionales tanto en el plano regional como interregional

Observatorio de empleo y dinámica empresarial en Argentina

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Créditos a PYME en Argentina: racionamiento crediticio en un contexto de oferta ilimitada de dinero

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Areas económicas locales y mercado de trabajo en Argentina: estudio de tres casos

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The impact of structural reforms on growth in Latin America and the Caribbean: an empirical estimation

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Aspectos sociales de la integración

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Aspectos sociales de la integración regional

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Mercados de trabajo, competitividad y convergencia

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