Effect of Resin Cement System and Root Region on the Push-out Bond Strength of a Translucent Fiber Post

Objectives: This study evaluated the bond strength of luting systems for bonding glass fiber posts to root canal dentin. The hypothesis tested was that there are no differences in bond strength of glass fiber posts luted with different cement systems.Methods: Forty bovine incisors were randomly assigned to five different resin cement groups (n=8). After endodontic treatment and crown removal, translucent glass fiber posts were bonded into the root canal using five different luting protocols (self-cured cement and etch-and-rinse adhesive system; dual-cured cement and etch-and-rinse adhesive system; self-cured cement and self-etch adhesive system; dual-cured cement and self-etch adhesive system; and dual-cured self-adhesive cement). Push-out bond strength was evaluated at three different radicular levels: cervical, middle, and apical. The interface between resinous cement and the post was observed using a stereoscopic microscope.Results: Analysis of variance showed a statistically significant difference among the cements (p<0.05) and the root canal thirds (p<0.05). The self-adhesive resinous cement had lower values of retention.Conclusions: The resin cements used with etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems seem to be adequate for glass fiber post cementation.

Unusual occurrence of a ZZ/ZW sex-chromosome system and supernumerary chromosomes in Characidium cf. fasciatum (Pisces, Characiformes, Characidiinae)

Individuals of two populations of the fish Characidium cf. fasciatum were cytogenetically studied and showed a basic diploid number of 50 chromosomes. Some fishes were found to have 51 to 54 chromosomes due to the presence of one to four small subtelocentric/acrocentric supernumerary chromosomes. When analyzed by conventional Giemsa staining, male and female specimens of C. cf. fasciatum from the Quinta stream and Pardo River presented the same basic karyotypic macro- and microstructure, consisting of 32 metacentric and 18 submetacentric chromosomes.Ag-NORs were terminally located on the long arms of two submetacentric chromosome pairs. Constitutive heterochromatin was identified by C-banding as small pericentromeric blocks in the majority of the chromosomes, and B-chromosomes were found to be heterochromatic. The occurrence of one totally heterochromatic submetacentric chromosome restricted to females and considered as an unusual feature in fish karyotypes led to the identification of a ZZ/ZW sex-chromosome system. The implications of chromosomic differentiation observed in the genus Characidium are discussed.

Reproductive development and function of female rats exposed to di-eta-butyl-phthalate (DBP) in utero and during lactation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Assessment of Female Reproductive Endpoints in Sprague-Dawley Rats Developmentally Exposed to Diuron: Potential Ovary Toxicity

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Reproductive biology and feeding habits of Stenocercus caducus (Iguanidae) in semideciduous forest in central Brazil.

Sexual dimorphism, reproduction and diet are described for Stenocercus caducus from semideciduous forest, in Mato Grosso do Sul state, Central Brazil. Lizards are collected in pitfall traps from December 2000, to December 2001. Sexual dimorphism in S. caducus is apparent, mainly in coloration; although females reach a larger SVL than males. A wide variety of arthropods are fed by S. caducus, with ants and termites numerically, and orthopterans and beetles volumetrically the most common prey items. Ontogenetic differences in diet were noted for S. caducus, with juveniles feeding on lesser prey types and smaller sized prey than adults. The reproduction was seasonal, concentrated in the rainy season, with deposition of more than one clutch per season.

Reproductive period and size at the onset of sexual maturity of mottled purse crab, Persephona mediterranea (Herbst, 1794) (Brachyura, Leucosioidea) on the southeastern Brazilian coast

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Reproductive cycle and recruitment period of Ocypode quadrata (Decapoda, Ocypodidae) at a sandy beach in southeastern Brazil

The reproductive cycle and recruitment period of a ghost crab population from Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil were investigated by means of examining the developmental stages of gonads of breeding crabs and the ingress of young recruits to the studied population. Monthly collections over a one-year period were carried out during nocturnal low-tide periods at Vermelha beach. The morphology of the abdomen and pleopods was used for sex determination. All captured crabs were measured for carapace width and dissected for the determination of the development stage of the gonads. A total of 582 specimens was captured: 271 males, 241 females, and 70 juveniles. Size ranged from 8.5 to 37.5 mm for males, from 9.5 to 39.2 mm for females, and from 5.8 to 12 mm for early juveniles. Median size of males and females did not differ statistically. The frequency of ovigerous females was markedly low. The onset of sexual maturity in females is achieved at around 23 mm of carapace width. Mature females with advanced gonad stages were not recorded from May to September. Recruitment of young was highest during summer, but the presence of early and late juvenile specimens throughout the year indicates that continuous recruitment is taking place in the studied population.

Reproductive cycle and ovarian development of the marine ornamental shrimp Stenopus hispidus in captivity

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Reproductive biology and recruitment of Xiphopenaeus kroyeri in a marine protected area in the Western Atlantic: implications for resource management

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The reproductive hiology and cycle of Rioraja agassizi (Muller and Henle, 1841) (Chondrichthyes : Rajidae) in southeastern Brazil, SW Atlantic Ocean

Specimens of Rioraja agassizi were collected Lit Guaruja pier, São Paulo State, Brazil, from March 2005 to March 2006. A total of: 275 males were captured. Based on the analysis of the clasper length, gonad weight, clasper gland length, alar thorns and lobule diameter, the size-at-maturity was estimated to be 32 cm. There were 1049 females in the record. Size-at-maturity was calculated in 40 cm. Sexual resting females were observed. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes varied significantly in both sexes throughout the year. However, ovulation, egg-laying and presence of sperm in the seminal vesicle were observed all year round. For this reason, an annual cycle with at least one peak in the sexual activity is proposed for this species.

Breeding activity patterns, reproductive modes, and habitat use by anurans (Amphibia) in a seasonal environment in the Pantanal, Brazil

Annual patterns of breeding activity, reproductive modes, and habitat use are described for a frog community in a seasonal environment, in the southern Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected monthly between January 1995 and December 1998. A total of 24 species from four families; Bufonidae (3 species), Hylidae (10 species), Leptodactylidae (9 species), and Microhylidae (2 species) were registered. Three reproductive activity patterns are recognized among these species: continuous, explosive, and prolonged; 50% of the species were explosive breeders. Seasonal pattern of reproduction was verified for three analyzed years (1995-1997) most species reproduced during the rainy season (Nov-Jan). The reproduction was aseasonal in 1998; unexpected rains in the dry season lead to an unusual breeding activity. Five reproductive modes were noted - 62.5% of the species have the generalized aquatic mode, and 33.3% deposit eggs embedded in foam nests. Many species used the same sites for reproduction, although temporal partitioning and calling site segregation was observed. The occurrence of many species that exhibit explosive breeding early in the rainy season is common in seasonal and open environments with variable and unpredictable rainfall, as is the case in the Pantanal.

Reproductive modes and fecundity of an assemblage of anuran amphibians in the Atlantic rainforest, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Humidity levels drive reproductive modes and phylogenetic diversity of amphibians in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)