Complications of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration in children: report of 5 cases and review of the literature

Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is one of leading causes of death in children, especially among those younger than 3 years of age. The inhalation of a foreign body may cause a wide variety of symptoms, and early diagnosis is highly associated with the successful removal of the inhaled foreign material. Despite the great advances in endoscopic procedures and anesthesia, a large number of difficulties and complications still result from foreign body aspiration. We describe 5 cases of serious acute complications following aspiration of foreign bodies that became lodged in the tracheobronchial tree, including pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, total atelectasis, foreign body dislodgment, and need for thoracotomy in children admitted into our intensive care unit in 1999 and 2000; these were all situations that could have been prevented with early recognition and prompt therapeutic intervention.

Argamassas de cal hidráulica natural NHL3.5 com metacaulino – Caracterização após três anos em cura laboratorial e marítima

A presente dissertação enquadra-se num estudo que esteve inserido nos projetos FCT-METACAL e FCT-LIMECONTECH, e cujos resultados foram já parcialmente publicados por GRILO et al. (2014a e 2014b). Nesse estudo produziram-se e caraterizaram-se, aos 28, 90 e 180 dias, argamassas de cal hidráulica natural, NHL3.5 produzida em Portugal, com substituições percentuais de ligante por metacaulino (Mk). Outro fator estudado foi a influência do tipo de cura, estando as amostras das argamassas sujeitas a 3 tipos de cura diferentes: standard, marítima e húmida. Aos 180 dias de cura, as argamassas com 10% de substituição de Mk apresentaram melhorias nas resistências mecânicas e melhorias evidentes no comportamento em relação à absorção de água e secagem. No geral as características das argamassas indiciavam a sua adequação para a conservação de fachadas de edifícios antigos e aplicação na reabilitação de edifícios com suportes mais resistentes ou mesmo em construção nova. No presente estudo foram caracterizadas as mesmas argamassas, desta feita com 3 anos de idade, e avaliada a evolução das suas caraterísticas até esta idade em cura marítima e húmida. Ao contrário do previsto, as resistências mecânicas das argamassas com substituição de metacaulino tiveram reduções nos seus valores, chegando, em alguns casos, a ficar abaixo dos valores das argamassas sem Mk. Pela caracterização química e mineralógica constata-se que essa redução foi motivada pela instabilidade dos compostos pozolânicos formados pelo Mk, embora esses compostos tenham sido os responsáveis pelas elevadas resistências mecânicas registadas a idades jovens. As argamassas com Mk apresentaram um melhor comportamento à água, devido ao refinamento da sua estrutura porosa. Dos ensaios realizados apenas o índice de secagem e o ensaio de resistência aos sais revelaram resultados piores nas argamassas com Mk, quando em comparação com as argamassas de referência, só com NHL. Em relação ao tipo de cura, verificou-se não existirem grandes diferenças entre a cura húmida e a marítima.

Titanium pigment in tissues of drug addicts: report of 5 necropsied cases

The aim of this report is to describe the anatomic-pathologic findings from necropsies of 5 drug addicts with titanium pigment in several organs after chronic intravenous injection of crushed propoxyphene hydrochloride tablets. Samples from liver, spleen, lungs, lymph nodes, and bone marrow were obtained, and after being grossly studied, they were submitted to evaluation using common light and polarized microscopy. In all 5 cases, a pigment with characteristics of titanium dioxide was found within tissue samples of the organs studied. Our findings suggest that research concerning titanium pigment within body tissues should be enhanced, considering the potential contribution of this morphologic data to forensic pathology.

Parasitoses intestinais e a sua relação com a desnutrição em crianças dos 0 aos 5 anos de São Tomé e Príncipe

Introdução: Os países de clima subtropical, tropical e húmido, onde as populações têm acesso limitado a água potável, saneamento básico efectivo, educação e cuidados de saúde, apresentam as condições favoráveis para o desenvolvimento de doenças transmissíveis, nomeadamente as parasitoses intestinais, cuja prevalência é elevada. A infecção por parasitas intestinais patogénicos pode provocar diversas alterações patológicas tais como anemia, desnutrição e outras patologias orgânicas, afectando principalmente as crianças. Objectivos: Avaliar a prevalência das parasitoses intestinais e determinar a sua relação com o estado nutricional, em crianças dos 0 aos 5 anos de São Tomé e Príncipe. Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal e analítico, com colheita de dados antropométricos e de fezes, entre Fevereiro e Março de 2011, nos distritos de Água Grande, Mé-Zochi e Lobata, em São Tomé e Príncipe, numa amostra de 390 crianças. A detecção microscópica dos parasitas intestinais foi executada no Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical. O estado nutricional de cada criança foi avaliado através dos z-scores do peso para a idade (PIZ), da estatura para a idade (EIZ), do peso para altura (PEZ) e do IMC para a idade (IMCZ). A relação entre a infecção por parasitas intestinais e a desnutrição foi analisada através de métodos estatísticos. Resultados: A amostra foi constituída maioritariamente por crianças com idade inferior a 24 meses (58%). Foram detectados parasitas intestinais patogénicos em 38,7% das crianças, tendo-se observado uma probabilidade mais alta de infecção em crianças com idade superior a 24 meses. Destacaram-se as infecções simples ou mistas por G. lamblia (27,4%), A. lumbricoides (12,8%), T. trichiura (2,6%), Hymenolepis nana (1%), E. histolytica (0,5%), ancilostomideos (0,5%), Schistosoma intercalatum (0,3%) e Taenia spp. (0,3%). No que se refere à desnutrição, 35,6% de crianças tinham baixo peso, 33,6% apresentavam desnutrição crónica, 27,7% e 27,4% desnutrição aguda (PEZ e IMCZ), destacando-se o grau ligeiro em cada uma. Verificou-se uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre a infecção por parasitas intestinais patogénicos e a desnutrição crónica. Discussão e Conclusão: Este estudo contribuiu para um melhor conhecimento das prevalências e relação das parasitoses intestinais patogénicas com a desnutrição em crianças menores de 5 anos em São Tomé e Príncipe, nomeadamente da associação entre desnutrição crónica e a infecção por parasitas intestinais patogénicos. Sugere-se a execução de estudos semelhantes a este nas restantes regiões do país para fundamentar a adopção de medidas adequadas de combate às infecções por parasitas intestinais patogénicos. Considerando o número de crianças infectadas com G. lamblia encontrada neste estudo, seria recomendável medidas específicas de combate à transmissão de protozoários e a realização de exames anuais das fezes de todas as crianças seguida de tratamento dos casos positivos.

Natural hydraulic lime (nhl3.5) mortars with scrap tire rubber

The use of wastes and industrial by-products as building materials is an important issue in order to decrease costs with waste management and the embodied energy of building products. In this study scrap tire rubber was used as additional aggregate of mortars based on natural hydraulic lime NHL 3.5 and natural sand. Different particle size fractions and proportions of scrap tire rubber were used: a mix obtained directly from industry and separated fine, medium and coarse fractions; 0 %, 18 %, 36 % and 54 % of the weight of binder, corresponding to 2.5 %, 5 % and 7.5 % of the weight of sand. As mortars based on NHL specifications became stricter with the current version of EN 459–1:2015, the influence of the rubber’s additions on the mortars’ fresh state, mechanical and physical performance is presented in this work: flow table consistency, water retention, dynamic elasticity modulus, flexural and compressive strength, open porosity and bulk density, capillary absorption, drying and thermal conductivity are studied. The use of the rubber mix coming from the waste tire industry seems advantageous and may open possibilities for use as raw material by the mortars industry.

Synthesis and characterization of C3-symmetric 1,3,5 - Benzenetricarboxamide derived supramolecular systems

The aim of this work was to study the self-assembly process of C3-symmetric molecules. To accomplish this objective 1,3,5 – benzentricarboxamides (BTA) derivatives were obtained. Five C3-symmetric molecules were synthesized in moderate to good yields (39-72%) using azo-benzene, aniline, benzylamine, tryptophan and tyrosine. The aggregation behavior of the BTA derivatives was probed with 1H-NMR spectroscopy, 1H-1H 2D Nuclear Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy (NOESY) and Diffusion Ordered Spectroscopy (DOSY). These experiments allowed to study the influence of H-bonding groups, aromatic rings, unsaturated bonds and the overall geometry in the molecular self-assembly associated with the different structural patterns present on these molecules. The stacking and large molecule behavior where observed in BTA 1, aniline derivative, BTA 4, tyrosine derivative or BTA 5, tryptophan derivative, with several of those discussed functional groups such as unsaturated bonds and H-bonding groups. BTA 5 was used in a few preliminary interaction studies with glucose and ammonium chloride showing interaction with the ammonium ion.

Fortaleza de Valença: “Projecto de requalificação urbana do centro histórico de Valença”: trabalhos arqueológicos: relatórios de progresso nº 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5

Relatórios de Progresso nº 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5

Transporte ativo em alunos do 5º e 6º ano de escolaridade, por género, em meio predominantemente rural

Relatório de atividade profissional de mestrado em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário

Centrality and rapidity dependence of inclusive jet production in sNN=5.02 TeV proton-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector

Measurements of the centrality and rapidity dependence of inclusive jet production in sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV proton--lead (p+Pb) collisions and the jet cross-section in s√=2.76 TeV proton--proton collisions are presented. These quantities are measured in datasets corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 27.8 nb−1 and 4.0 pb−1, respectively, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2013. The p+Pb collision centrality was characterised using the total transverse energy measured in the pseudorapidity interval −4.9<η<−3.2 in the direction of the lead beam. Results are presented for the double-differential per-collision yields as a function of jet rapidity and transverse momentum (pT) for minimum-bias and centrality-selected p+Pb collisions, and are compared to the jet rate from the geometric expectation. The total jet yield in minimum-bias events is slightly enhanced above the expectation in a pT-dependent manner but is consistent with the expectation within uncertainties. The ratios of jet spectra from different centrality selections show a strong modification of jet production at all pT at forward rapidities and for large pT at mid-rapidity, which manifests as a suppression of the jet yield in central events and an enhancement in peripheral events. These effects imply that the factorisation between hard and soft processes is violated at an unexpected level in proton--nucleus collisions. Furthermore, the modifications at forward rapidities are found to be a function of the total jet energy only, implying that the violations may have a simple dependence on the hard parton--parton kinematics.

Exposição à escrita e rendimento académico na língua portuguesa: um estudo com alunos do 5.º e 7.º ano

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Psicologia

Extending the reservoir of bla IMP-5: the emerging pathogen Acinetobacter bereziniae

Acinetobacter bereziniae clinical relevance is starting to be recognized; however, very few descriptions of its carbapenem resistance currently exist. Here we characterize two carbapenem-resistant A. bereziniae isolates. Materials & methods: Isolates were obtained from environmental and clinical samples. Carbapenemases were searched by phenotypic, biochemical and PCR assays. Clonality was studied by ApaI-PFGE and genetic location for carbapenemase genes were assessed by I-CeuI and S1 hybridizations. Results: Isolates were not clonally related but both produced the exclusively Portuguese IMP-5, with the clinical isolate also producing an OXA-58. The carbapenemase genes were plasmid located. Conclusion: Our results emphasize the role of non-baumannii Acinetobacter species as important reservoirs of clinically relevant resistance genes that could also contribute to their emergence as nosocomial pathogens

Ferroelectric phase transitions studies in 0.5Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8) O3-0.5(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 ceramics

The ferroelectric phase transitions in 0.5Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-0.5(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 (BCZT 50/50) ceramics,fabricatedbyasolidstatereaction,werestudiedbyusing X-Ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and measuring electric polarization, dielectric permittivity and pyroelectric current. Xraydiffraction(XRD)confirmsthecoexistenceoftetragonal(T) andrhombohedral(R)phasesatroomtemperature.Thetemperature dependence of the Raman modes frequency reveals the existenceoftwophasetransitionscorrespondingtotherhombohedral – tetragonal, and tetragonal - cubic close to 30 and 100 °C, respectively. The temperature dependence of electric polarization,pyroelectriccurrent,anddielectricpermittivityfurther supports theferroelectric (tetragonal) toparaelectric (cubic) phasetransition.Moreover,thedielectricpermittivityrevealsthe diffuseness of the phase transition and is attributed to the compositional fluctuations of different polar micro-regions.

Measurement of the inclusive jet cross-section in proton--proton collisions at s√=7 TeV using 4.5 fb−1 of data with the ATLAS detector

The inclusive jet cross-section is measured in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.5 fb−1 collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2011. Jets are identified using the anti-kt algorithm with radius parameter values of 0.4 and 0.6. The double-differential cross-sections are presented as a function of the jet transverse momentum and the jet rapidity, covering jet transverse momenta from 100 GeV to 2 TeV. Next-to-leading-order QCD calculations corrected for non-perturbative effects and electroweak effects, as well as Monte Carlo simulations with next-to-leading-order matrix elements interfaced to parton showering, are compared to the measured cross-sections. A quantitative comparison of the measured cross-sections to the QCD calculations using several sets of parton distribution functions is performed.

Antifungal action of three (Z)-5-amino-N'-aryl-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-carbohydrazonamides

[Excerpt] The incidence of fungal infections has greatly increased in patients under sustained immunosuppression with considerable risk associated. Difficulties regarding prompt diagnosis and the limited therapeutic options dictate high mortality rates. Available antifungals display substantial toxicity, a predictable consequence of the cellular structure of the organisms involved, reduced spectrum of activity, and drug interactions. Our group had previously identified three (Z)-5-amino-N'-aryl-1-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-carbohydrazonamides 1 [aryl= phenyl (1a), 4-fluorophenyl (1b), 3fluorophenyl (1c)] as potent antifungal agents.1 (...)

The synthesis of novel 5-aminoimidazoles derivatives with anticancer activity

[Excerpt] The imidazole nucleus is present in a significant number of biomolecules and the inclusion of this moiety in organic scaffolds is considered an important synthetic strategy in drug discovery.[1] 5-Aminoimidazoles are interesting building blocks in medicinal chemistry since they are key components in many bioactive molecules and their derivatives showed a wide pharmacological potential as anticancer drugs.[1] The hydrazones constitute an important class of biological active drug molecules due to their wide range of pharmacological properties that include antitumoral activities.[2] Amidrazone derivatives could be considered very promising in the perspective of new drug discovery, because they are very effective as building blocks to obtain various heterocycles.[2,3] The α-hydrazononitriles are a special case of compounds belonging to the family of hydrazones that is less common in the literature, but has a great interest due to their pharmacological applications.[4] (...)