Corner separation effects for normal shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interactions in rectangular channels

Experiments are conducted to examine the mechanisms behind the coupling between corner separation and separation away from the corner when holding a high-Machnumber M∞ = 1.5 normal shock in a rectangular channel. The ensuing shock wave interaction with the boundary layer on the wind tunnel floor and in the corners was studied using laser Doppler anemometry, Pitot probe traverses, pressure sensitive paint and flow visualization. The primary mechanism explaining the link between the corner separation size and the other areas of separation appears to be the generation of compression waves at the corner, which act to smear the adverse pressure gradient imposed upon other parts of the flow. Experimental results indicate that the alteration of the -region, which occurs in the supersonic portion of the shock wave/boundary layer interaction (SBLI), is more important than the generation of any blockage in the subsonic region downstream of the shock wave. © Copyright 2012 Cambridge University Press.

一类不可忽视的战略生物资源——淡水与海水中的病毒及其在生态系统中的作用

淡水和海水中存在的病毒被称为浮游病毒。它们是海洋和湖泊中最丰富的生物类群,是近年来才认识到的具有控制有害藻华(赤潮)、调节水生态系统结构、以纳米尺度驱动全球生物地球化学循环、特别是碳循环的一类不可忽视的战略生物资源。本文在综述淡水和海水病毒的多样性、感染类型、基因组分析、分布与丰度及其具有生物泵的生态学功能等研究进展的基础上,提出了研究对策和重点研究方向,认为建立进行淡水和海水病毒研究的技术平台与系统应成为我国争取该类生物战略资源的当务之急。

An integrated service-device-technology roadmap for smart city development

Firms and other organizations use Technology Roadmapping (TRM) extensively as a framework for supporting research and development of future technologies and products that could sustain a competitive advantage. While the importance of technology strategy has received more attention in recent years, few research studies have examined how roadmapping processes are used to explore the potential convergence of products and services that may be developed in the future. The aim of this paper is to introduce an integrated roadmapping process for services, devices and technologies capable of implementing a smart city development R&D project in Korea. The paper applies a QFD (Quality Function Deployment) method to establish interconnections between services and devices, and between devices and technologies. The method is illustrated by a detailed case study, which shows how different types of roadmap can be coordinated with each other to produce a clear representation of the technological changes and uncertainties associated with the strategic planning of complex innovations. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.

鲤鱼肌肉生长抑制素基因(MSTN)的克隆及其组织表达特征

肌肉生长抑制素(Myostatin,MSTN)是动物肌肉发育和生长过程中的负调控因子,对MSTN的研究将有助于促进动物生产。鲤鱼是我国的主要淡水养殖对象之一。因此,我们采用RT-PCR方法克隆了鲤鱼MSTN cDNA(No.EF551058)的部分序列,长度为921bp,编码306个氨基酸残基。鲤鱼MSTN具有MSTN的共同特征,有蛋白酶水解位点RIRR和9个保守的半胱氨酸残基。多重序列比较发现其与斑马鱼GDF8有极近的亲缘关系,96.7%的氨基酸序列同源。不同组织的RT-PCR分析发现鲤鱼MSTN主要在

四种底栖螺类饥饿代谢的研究

研究了四种常见优势底栖螺类的饥饿代谢(R,mgO2/ind.d)与温度(T,℃)、体重(Wd,mg dry-wt或Ww,mg wet-wt)的关系,并计算出三者间的复合关系,分别是:铜锈环棱螺,R=0.044Wd0.537e0.061T;长角涵螺,R=0.0004Ww0.9405·e0.0735T;纹沼螺,R=0.004Wd1.072e0.091T;短沟蜷,R=0.023Wd0.777e0.042T。

草鱼生长激素在毕赤酵母中的高效分泌表达

为大量获得具有生物学活性的草鱼生长激素 ,对草鱼生长激素cDNA在毕赤酵母中的表达进行了研究。将草鱼生长激素cDNA克隆入毕赤酵母表达载体pGAPZ α B ,构建表达载体pGAPZ α B GH。在三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶 (GAP)启动子的调控作用下 ,一个类似于天然生长激素大小、分子量约 2 2kD的蛋白获得表达 ,其表达量约 5 0mg L。Western杂交表明 :表达的蛋白与兔抗草鱼生长激素的多克隆抗体特异结合 ,证实该表达蛋白为草鱼生长激素 ;受体夹心式ELISA检测表明 :表达的草鱼生长激素具生

褶纹冠蚌鳃的组织学和扫描电镜观察

利用光镜和扫描电镜研究了雌性褶纹冠蚌外瓣鳃的组织学和形态。结果表明,雌性褶纹冠蚌具一对外瓣鳃。每个外瓣鳃都由内、外二鳃小瓣构成。每片鳃小瓣又由许多纵行排列的鳃丝组成。鳃丝表面具前纤毛、前侧纤毛和侧纤毛,其壁主要由角质层、上皮和基膜组成,内含几丁质棒、鳃腺和血管。相邻鳃丝之间由丝间隔相连。鳃小瓣内的空腔被瓣间隔分隔成许多鳃水管。丝间隔和瓣间隔的壁主要由单层柱状上皮和基膜组成,其内均有血管分布。在繁殖期间辩间隔形态发生变化,将鳃水管分隔成许多小室,形成胚胎发育的孵化室。

人工合成草鱼生长激素cDNA在大肠杆菌中的表达

经密码子优化的人工合成草鱼生长激素ｃＤＮＡ与表达载体ｐＥＴ－２８ａ（＋）重组，构建重组表达质粒ｐＥＴ－ＧＨ。转化大肠杆菌ＢＬ２１（ＤＥ３），筛选阳性克隆，ＩＰＴＧ诱导表达。１２．５％的ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析显示，大肠杆菌表达产物中含有与草鱼生长激素分子量一致的新增蛋白带，激光密度扫描，其产量约占菌体总蛋白的４０％。金属离子螯合层析柱亲和纯化，获得电泳纯的重组蛋白。Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔｔｉｎｇ和酶联免疫吸附受体法检测证实：重组蛋白与抗草鱼生长激素的多克隆抗体发生特异性结合；复性后的重组蛋白有与天然草鱼生长

转基因鱼的研究进展

自１９８４ 年第一例转基因鱼在我国诞生以来，转基因鱼研究取得长足进步。研究表明外源基因可以整合、表达，并能遗传给后代，然而外源基因整合位点难以控制，遗传不稳定等问题仍未解决。所幸我国鱼类核移植技术较为成熟，结合细胞基因转移、基因打靶和核移植技术，有望在不久将来获得稳定整合的纯化转基因鱼。

银鲫复合种外源遗传物质整入的RAPD分析

在优化RAPD检测条件的基础上，采用40对随机引物，比较分析了银鲫复合种、异育银鲫和兴国红鲤相互间扩增DNA片段的异同性。总的来说，银鲫复合种和异育银鲫具有基本一致的扩增产物，而与兴国红鲤的扩增产物多数不同。相似率分析表明，银鲫复合种与兴国红鲤之间的相似率为31.6％，异育银鲫与兴国红鲤之间的相似率为28．6％。在分析中，除发现银鲫复合种、异育银鲫与兴国红鲤间共有的扩增片段外，还发现了银鲫复合种与兴国红鲤间共有的扩增片段以及银鲫复合种所特有的DNA扩增带。本研究不但为银鲫复合种异源遗传成分的整人提供了新的

长江圈养和饲养池中江豚行为的几点观察

作者对长江自然环境圈养条件下和人工饲养池中江豚（Neophocaenaphocaenoides）的部分行为作了初步的记录和分析。江豚对人工饲养的适应与环境变化的大小以及群体结构受损程度有关。环境变化大，群体结构受损大，适应慢。反之亦然．江豚常以一母一仔、一母一仔一幼或一雄一雌一起活动，是群体构成的核心单元．存在救助、争斗等社群行为及嬉戏行为。抚养关系严格。对窄小的过道有畏惧反应。

Multi scale shape index for 3D object recognition

We present Multi Scale Shape Index (MSSI), a novel feature for 3D object recognition. Inspired by the scale space filtering theory and Shape Index measure proposed by Koenderink & Van Doorn [6], this feature associates different forms of shape, such as umbilics, saddle regions, parabolic regions to a real valued index. This association is useful for representing an object based on its constituent shape forms. We derive closed form scale space equations which computes a characteristic scale at each 3D point in a point cloud without an explicit mesh structure. This characteristic scale is then used to estimate the Shape Index. We quantitatively evaluate the robustness and repeatability of the MSSI feature for varying object scales and changing point cloud density. We also quantify the performance of MSSI for object category recognition on a publicly available dataset. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

Preliminary model development for predicting strength and stiffness of cement-stabilized soils using artificial neural networks

This paper presents ongoing work on data collection and collation from a large number of laboratory cement-stabilization projects worldwide. The aim is to employ Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to establish relationships between variables, which define the properties of cement-stabilized soils, and the two parameters determined by the Unconfined Compression Test, the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), and stiffness, using E50 calculated from UCS results. Bayesian predictive neural network models are developed to predict the UCS values of cement-stabilized inorganic clays/silts, as well as sands as a function of selected soil mix variables, such as grain size distribution, water content, cement content and curing time. A model which can predict the stiffness values of cement-stabilized clays/silts is also developed and compared to the UCS model. The UCS model results emulate known trends better and provide more accurate estimates than the results from the E50 stiffness model. © 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.