Dynamic Measurement System for Dipoles of RCS for CS

A dynamic measurement system was developed by the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) for the dipole prototype of Rapid Cycle Synchrotron (RCS) of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). The repetition frequency of RCS is 25 Hz. The probe is a moving arc searching-coil, and the data acquisition system is based on the dynamic analysis modular of National Instrument. To get the error of high order harmonics of the field at basic frequency, the hardware integrator is replaced by a high speed ADC with software filter and integrator. A series of harmonic coefficients of field are used to express the varieties of dynamic fields in space and time simultaneously. The measurement system has been tested in Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), and the property of the dipole prototype of RCS has been measured. Some measurement results and the repeatability of system are illustrated in this paper.

Structure and acidity of Mo/H-MCM-22 catalysts studied by NMR spectroscopy

A comprehensive study on physical and chemical properties of Mo/MCM-22 bifunctional catalysts has been made by using combined analytic and spectroscopic techniques, such as adsorption, elemental analysis, and Xe-129 and P-31 NMR of adsorbed trialkylphosphine oxide probe molecules. Samples prepared by the impregnation method with Mo loadings ranging from 2-10 wt.% have been examined and the results are compared with that obtained from samples prepared by mechanical mixing using MoO3 or Mo2C as agents. Sample calcination treatment is essential in achieving a well-dispersed metal species in Mo/MCM-22. It was found that, upon initial incorporation, the Mo species tend to inactivate both Bronsted and Lewis sites locate predominantly in the supercages rather than the 10-membered ring channels of MCM-22. However, as the Mo loading exceeds 6 wt.%, the excessive Mo species tend to migrate toward extracrystalline surfaces of the catalyst. A consistent decrease in concentrations of acid sites with increasing Mo loading < 6 wt.% was found, especially for those with higher acid strengths. Upon loading of Mo > 6 wt.%, further decreases in both Bronsted and Lewis acidities were observed. These results provide crucial supports for interpreting the peculiar behaviors previously observed during the conversion of methane to benzene over Mo/MCM-22 catalyst under non-oxidative conditions, in which an optimal performance was achieved with a Mo loading of 6 wt.%. The effects of Mo incorporation on porosity and acidity features of the catalyst are discussed. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Solid-state MAS NMR studies on the hydrothermal stability of the zeolite catalysts for residual oil selective catalytic cracking

By using the solid-state MAS NMR technique, the hydrothermal stabilities (under 100% steam at 1073 K) of HZSM-5 zeolites modified by lanthanum and phosphorus have been studied. They are excellent zeolite catalysts for residual oil selective catalytic cracking (RSCC) processes. It was indicated that the introduction of phosphorus to the zeolite via impregnation with orthophosphoric acid led to dealumination as well as formation of different Al species, which were well distinguished by Al-27 3Q MAS NMR. Meanwhile, the hydrothermal stabilities of the zeolites (P/HZSM-5, La-P/HZSM-5) were enhanced even after the samples were treated under severe conditions for a prolonged time. It was found that the Si-O-Al bonds were broken under hydrothermal conditions, while at the same time the phosphorous compounds would occupy the silicon sites to form (SiO)(x)Al(OP)(4 - x) species. With increasing time, more silicon sites around the tetrahedral coordinated Al in the lattice can be replaced till the aluminum is completely expelled from the framework. The existence of lanthanum can partially restrict the breaking of the Si-O-Al bonds and the replacement of the silicon sites by phosphorus, thus preventing dealumination under hydrothermal conditions. This was also proved by P-31 MAS NMR spectra. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

大气散落核素复合示踪在土壤侵蚀科学中的应用

介绍了大气散落核素 7Be、2 1 0 Pbex、1 37Cs复合在土壤侵蚀和泥沙来源领域中的研究进展 ;阐述了核素比率应用的原理、特点及其能更为敏感地反映土壤侵蚀速率和过程等优点 ;说明多元素复合示踪在推断土壤不同侵蚀过程及估算土壤侵蚀速率方面的作用 ;论述了建立两核素相关深度曲线确定泥沙起源深度的应用原理和特点及其应用范围 ,并对各种方法进行了简单的评价。

~(137)Cs示踪研究小流域土壤侵蚀与沉积空间分布特征

通过在0.17 km~2面积的小流域198个点、525个样品表层土壤中~(137)Cs含量的分析、研究,结果表明:不同地貌部位~(137)Cs含量有明显分异,为~(137)Cs法定量研究土壤侵蚀与沉积提供了科学依据;~(137)Cs含量升高的部位多出现在沟缘线附近和沟口附近;小流域土壤侵蚀强度从梁峁顶向沟坡逐渐增大,这是黄土高原广大水土流失区自然状态的或初步治理的小流域侵蚀强度空间变化的基本特征.

蒙古高原北部典型草原区土壤风蚀的~(137)Cs示踪法研究

土壤风蚀是蒙古高原北部典型草原区土地退化的主导因素之一.运用137Cs核素示踪技术对蒙古国巴彦淖尔、哈拉和林的不同牧场和弃耕地土壤风蚀速率进行了研究.巴彦淖尔草原牧场、割草场采样点土壤风蚀速率在64.58~169.07t·km-2·a-1之间,均为微度侵蚀水平.哈拉和林弃耕地年均土壤风蚀厚度4.05mm·a-1,风蚀速率为6723.06t·km-2·a-1,达强度侵蚀水平,自20世纪60年代开垦以来,表层土壤累计风蚀损失17.4cm.牧场和弃耕地风蚀速率的差异表明,在蒙古高原北部典型草原区,人为翻动表土,发展种植业,会导致严重的土壤风蚀发生,而传统牧业生产方式对土壤表层扰动较少,未导致破坏性的土壤风蚀发生,对维持生态系统稳定性有重要作用.