Enhancing MPLS QoS routing algorithms by using the network protection degree paradigm

IP based networks still do not have the required degree of reliability required by new multimedia services, achieving such reliability will be crucial in the success or failure of the new Internet generation. Most of existing schemes for QoS routing do not take into consideration parameters concerning the quality of the protection, such as packet loss or restoration time. In this paper, we define a new paradigm to develop new protection strategies for building reliable MPLS networks, based on what we have called the network protection degree (NPD). This NPD consists of an a priori evaluation, the failure sensibility degree (FSD), which provides the failure probability and an a posteriori evaluation, the failure impact degree (FID), to determine the impact on the network in case of failure. Having mathematical formulated these components, we point out the most relevant components. Experimental results demonstrate the benefits of the utilization of the NPD, when used to enhance some current QoS routing algorithms to offer a certain degree of protection

Automatic self-configuration of the logical network using distributed software agents

We present a system for dynamic network resource configuration in environments with bandwidth reservation. The proposed system is completely distributed and automates the mechanisms for adapting the logical network to the offered load. The system is able to manage dynamically a logical network such as a virtual path network in ATM or a label switched path network in MPLS or GMPLS. The system design and implementation is based on a multi-agent system (MAS) which make the decisions of when and how to change a logical path. Despite the lack of a centralised global network view, results show that MAS manages the network resources effectively, reducing the connection blocking probability and, therefore, achieving better utilisation of network resources. We also include details of its architecture and implementation

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Utilidad del dímero D en el diagnóstico de tromboembolismo pulmonar en la Fundación Santa Fé de Bogotá

INTRODUCCIÓN: El diagnóstico de Tromboembolismo Pulmonar (TEP) ha sido un reto clínico a pesar de los avances en modalidades diagnósticas y opciones terapéuticas, el TEP permanece como una entidad sub diagnosticada y letal. La medición en sangre del Dímero D, con punto de corte de 500 mcg/L, por lo tanto es una excelente prueba de tamizaje para los pacientes en el departamento de urgencias . Esta evaluación inicial debe ser complementada con la realización de angioTAC de tórax, decisión que debe ser tomada precozmente con el fin de evitar complicaciones que amenacen la vida METODOLOGIA: Se realizo un estudio de prueba diagnóstica retrospectivo donde se revisaron las historias clínicas de 109 pacientes adultos de la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá en quienes se realizo angioTAC de tórax con protocolo para TEP, con probabilidad diagnóstica de Tromboembolismo Pulmonar Baja o Intermedia por criterios de Wells y que además tengan Dímero D. Se calculo la sensibilidad y especificidad del Dímero D teniendo en cuenta la probabilidad clínica pre test calculada por criterios de Wells, y se calcularon likelihood ratio positivo y negativo para cada punto de corte de Dímero D. RESULTADOS: El estudio mostro una sensibilidad del 100% para valores de Dímero D menores de 1100 mcg/L, en pacientes con baja probabilidad, y sensibilidad de 100% para valores menores de 700 mcg/L en pacientes con probabilidad intermedia. DISCUSIÓN: Pacientes con baja probabilidad pre test por criterios de Wells con valores de Dímero D menores de 1100 mcg/L y de probabilidad intermedia con valores menores de 700 mcg/L no requieren estudios adicionales, lo cual disminuye de manera importante la toma de angioTAC y reduce costos de atención.

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