Navegação autônoma em ambientes agrícolas utilizando visão estéreo

A visão estéreo é uma forma eficiente para navegação, pois com a estimativa de profundidade, é possível verificar se um caminho pré determinado pode ser utilizado para chegar ao destino definido, e ainda estimar durante qual profundidade esta mesma estimativa continuará sendo válida. As imagens capturadas por cada câmera são retificadas, de forma que as mesmas fiquem alinhadas horizontalmente, colaborando-se assim com o desempenho dos algoritmos de correspondência, responsáveis pela construção da matriz de disparidades. Com base nessa matriz, é criada a matriz de disparidade “V” para que seja possível mapear a informação de profundidade de cada objeto, os quais podem representar obstruções e anteparos na cena observada.

As relações entre capacitação de pessoas e operação de tecnologias agrícolas em empresas do setor sucroenergético

Pós-graduação em Agronegócio e Desenvolvimento - Tupã

Qualidade da operação na cultura da cana-de-açúcar utilizando cartas de controle

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Inovação tecnológica de boas práticas agrícolas e a informática na gestão agropecuária

This study aims to develop innovative proposals for production agriculture management and plans to build a participatory model, through the digital inclusion of members of the family farm gathered in a cooperative venture seeking to establish new environmental management efficiency for household production. The first part of the hypothesis assumes that a major obstacle to the insertion of small family farms into the markets is skilled labor, human capital. A training model has been developed for traceability and tracking activities on family farms, based on the atemoya culture. The second hypothesis predicts that it is possible to create a model that is scientifically supported by widely accepted rules derived from GlobalGAP standard certification, a global benchmark for good agricultural practices. Using these rules the model seeks to achieve the traceability of agricultural products and operations from the preservation of identity information within the production chain. The results obtained by the computerized system confirmed the presented hypotheses by demonstrating that technological innovation through intensive communication and information technologies education as well as other associated forms are important drivers of regional development, especially if implemented through a digital inclusion project using the state program Infocentros Access São Paulo.

Avaliação do desempenho das máquinas agrícolas na implantação da cultura do girassol

The sunflower oleaginous is the fourth of recognized importance in the oil production and few studies related to agricultural operations adopted for this crop. The objective of the present work was to study the performance of agricultural machines in the conventional tillage and reduced in the plantation of the sunflower crop. The experiment was installed at the Experimental Farm of Lageado, belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of UNESP, located in Botucatu-SP. It consisted of two types of tillage (conventional tillage-CC and reduced tillage-CR), with experimental design in randomized blocks and four replications. The treatment CC promoted less coverage of the soil surface protected with waste when compared to CR treatment. The chisel plow was the tillage of equipment that required the tractor higher average traction force, average power traction and slippage, consequently, promoted lower average speed of work. The theoretical field capacity and area of land involved in the treatment CR were superior when compared to treatment CC, thereby lower consumption of fuel per hour worked was lower in CR treatment.

Demanda energética de máquinas agrícolas na implantação da cultura do sorgo forrageiro

Forage sorghum can be grown in areas and environmental conditions dry and warm, where the productivity of other forage plants can often be uneconomical. The soil disturbance can be made only on the lines of planting (direct seeding) or entirely from the area for seeding (conventional tillage), as plowing, harrowing, subsoiling and chiseling (minimum tillage). The displacement speed ideal for planting is one in which the groove is opened and closed without removing the over-ground, allowing the distribution of seed spacing and depth constant. The experiment was conducted in a soil classified as Typic Oxisol at Lageado Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, UNESP, Botucatu campus. This study aimed to evaluate the response of sorghum in four forward speeds (3, 5, 6 and 9 km h-1) and four systems of soil management: SD (direct seeding), GP (harrow + sowing), LPG (disc harrow and two light disking + sowing) and CR (scarification and seeding). Data was subjected to analysis of variance in a factorial 4 x 4 and a randomized block design with split plots. The following parameters were determined: average speed, average strength of the drawbar, the average power drawbar, theoretical field capacity of the tractor-equipment, fuel consumption per hour. For the conditions under which the experiment was conducted, it was concluded that the hourly fuel consumption was not influenced by tillage systems and was inversely proportional to the increase of speed work, and that the change of speed in the sowing operation did not provide additional the values of average traction force on the bar of the tractor-planter.

Caracterização física e química e potencial de deriva de caldas contendo surfatantes em pulverizações agrícolas

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the addition of different surfactants in physical and chemical properties of spray solutions, droplets spectra and drift potential on agricultural spraying. The surfactants and concentrations (v v-1) were: Haiten (0.1%), Antideriva and Intec (0.05% and 0.1%). The following characteristics were analyzed: surface tension, viscosity, density and electric conductivity. The droplet size spectrum was determined by a laser particle analyzer (Mastersizer S®, version 2.15) including measurements of volume medium diameter (VMD), the percent of droplets below 50 and 100 μm (V50 e V100) and index span. In order to estimate the drift potential, a series of wind tunnel tests were performed with a Teejet XR 8003 flat fan nozzle at 200 kPa (medium droplets) used to apply the spray solutions containing water, the adjuvants and a food color dye (Brilliant blue FD & C no 1) at 0,6% m v-1. The drift was collected on nylon strips transversally fixed along the tunnel at different distances from the nozzle and different high from the bottom part of the tunnel. Drift deposits were evaluated by spectrophotometry. The results showed that the addition of adjuvants changed physical and chemical properties of spray solutions in different magnitudes according to the surfactant. Surfactants changed the droplet spectrum and drift potential, indicating that higher VMD and smaller V100 induced higher percentage of drift.

Influência do desgaste das garras dos pneus e das condições superficiais do solo nas operações de campo de um trator agrícola

The objective of this work was to compare the performance of a tractor equipped with used and new bias-ply tires (63.4% and 41.2%, front and rear tire waste, respectively), in three surface conditions: tillage soil, vegetal covered soil and firm soil. Field data were collected to calculate: forward speed, front and rear slippage tires, drawbar pull, available power at drawbar bar and fuel consumption. Results showed that both, tires and soil conditions, changed tractor capacity on developing drawbar traction. The worst performance was observed on tillage soil. The best performance of the tractor was observed at firm soil track. On the track with tilled soil, results showed that the forward speed was the lowest among the three soil conditions due to the front and rear slippage tires which was higher than vegetal covered and firm soil tracks. Fuel consumption results showed higher values on tilled tracks when compared with firm and vegetal covered tracks. The fuel consumption levels evaluated on bias-ply tires lead to significant changes on tractor’s performance at tilled soil, indicating that, at this condition, it’s necessary to replace the used tires by new tires. For vegetal covered soil operations, and also on firm soil conditions, used tires, at studied levels, indicated that these tires might still be used without tractor performance changing.

Geotecnologia aplicada no estudo e planejamento de ocupação e uso do solo em uma bacia hidrográfica para fins agrícolas e conservacionistas

The study aimed to obtain the land use of the watershed Ribeirão Santo Antonio - São Manuel (SP), through the thematic map of the satellite image. The cartographic databases were planialtimetric letter in digital format used in georeferencing and the satellite image. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) -IDRISI Andes 15.0 was use to perform the image georeferencing and to do the thematic map obtained from the visual interpretation the satellite image. The map of land use showed that the culture of sugar cane occupies most of the area (81.00%), when analyzing the satellite image. This result show us the predominance of agricultural occupation in the region. The thematic map obtained by the classification screen, using GIS, allowed the mapping of land use, generating data that will assist in future planning area recovery. The results of the study showed the efficiency, speed and reliability of the tools used, these being very useful for future projects.

Estudo da combustão do óleo pirolítico de pneus

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Cartas de controle para gerenciamento de operações agrícolas mecanizadas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Automação em raspadora de pneus utilizando controle numérico computadorizado com controlador lógico programável integrado

This work studies and develops a machine automation for tyre truing. It is discussed industry development, industrial processes automation, tyre-recycling process, advantages of tyre reuse for preservation of the environment and probable gains from the automation of part of the tyre-recycling process. In this text, it is detailed the work done to configure, program and optimize the truing process through automation components as CNC, PLC and drives. Tests and simulations are performed to determine the payback necessary period in productivity and profit gains

Aplicação da Simulação de Monte Carlo no estudo de testes de fadiga em rodas agrícolas

Due to the increasing demand from clients and the search for better performances in the heavy vehicles industry, a progressive evolution in technology in a general way was needed. This paper uses a scientific method to validate, prior to its manufacture, the project of an agricultural wheel for sugar cane harvesters. Monte Carlo Simulation is used in conjunction with Finite Elements Method, in order to simulate the wheel's behavior in a cornering test, identify possible failure regions and get an estimate for its life under fatigue. To this end, test conditions according to EUWA Standards were simulated and obeyed, relevant to fatigue. Simulation results were interesting, according to industry experts involved in the project and manufacture of the product in question, and have provided important elements for the decision making regarding improvements that could be made on the product project before its execution

Levantamento de nematoides entomopatogênicos em áreas agrícolas e influência da temperatura e do substrato na sobrevivência, multiplicação e armazenamento

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA