Retenção do dimetoato e sua relação com pH e teores de argila e matéria orgânica nos sedimentos da zona não-saturada de uma microbacia no nordeste paraense

Na agricultura familiar na Amazônia oriental, em particular no nordeste do Pará, são comuns os cultivos semi-perenes com pesada aplicação de agrotóxicos. Em virtude da ampla utilização desses produtos, principalmente o dimetoato, na microbacia hidrográfica do igarapé Cumaru, município de Igarapé-Açu (PA), foi avaliada a retenção dessa substância em amostras da zona não-saturada em laboratório, verificando-se também a influência do pH e dos teores de argila e de matéria orgânica nesse processo. Entre os diversos agrotóxicos utilizados na área, o dimetoato foi selecionado por apresentar maior potencial de lixiviação, segundo o índice GUS (Groundwater Ubiquity Score). Para a quantificação da retenção do dimetoato nos sedimentos da zona não-saturada foi realizado um experimento de sorção. Este último mostrou que, em termos percentuais, a sorção do dimetoato variou de 2.5% a 36.2% (concentração inicial 20 mg.^-1) e de 6.20% a 31.0 % (concentração inicial 10 mg. ^-1). Esses dados comprovam o elevado potencial de contaminação da água subterrânea por essa substância, devido, principalmente, à sua mobilidade e baixa retenção. Devido ao caráter hidrofóbico do dimetoato, que aumenta a sua afinidade com a matéria orgânica, a quantidade sorvida dessa substância se mostrou diretamente proporcional à de matéria orgânica presente nos sedimentos. O pH exerce efeito contrário a este, ou seja, quanto mais elevado o seu valor, menor é a quantidade de dimetoato sorvida. Em relação à variação do teor e ao tipo de argila, foi observado que esses fatores não influenciam na retenção do dimetoato, sendo esse resultado atribuído ao comportamento não iônico desse agrotóxico.

Adubação fosfatada no crescimento inicial e na nutrição de mudas de pinhão-manso

Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is a perennial oilseed species that has aroused economic interest for biodiesel production. Among other factors, it is essential to determine the nutritional demands of this species to facilitate raising it as a crop. This study aimed to evaluate the early growth and mineral nutrition of physic nut, as well as soil fertility, as affected by phosphorus fertilization. The study was carried out in a plastic greenhouse in a completely randomized block experimental design with four replicates. The plants were grown in plastic pots filled with 50 dm³ of Latossolo Vermelho (Rhodic Hapludox). Application rates of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg dm-3 of P were tested, plus a control. Evaluations of plant height and root collar diameter were performed monthly. The experiment was ended 150 days after transplant of the seedlings, at which time leaf area, dry weight, leaf contents and total accumulation of macro- (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) and micronutrients (B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) were performed, and soil chemical properties were analyzed. We concluded that absence of P fertilization alone is as limiting to early growth of physic nut as simultaneous absence of soil amendment and fertilization. The rate of 57 mg dm-3 of P may be recommended for initial growth of physic nut. The total accumulation of nutrients in physic nut seedlings exhibited the following order: K>N>Mg>Ca>P>S>Fe>Mn>B>Zn>Cu. Phosphorus fertilization resulted in increased soil cation exchange capacity (CEC).

Repertório barroco e suas possibilidades ao violão: aspectos teóricos e métodos transcritivos a partir das cordas dedilhadas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Reação de maracujazeiros e figueiras ao nematoide das galhas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Adubação fosfatada no desenvolvimento de Hemerocallis fulva L.

In clayey Oxisol from the Brazilian Cerrado, where there is high P fixation, the phosphorus fertilization is necessary to increase the growth and flowering of ornamental plants. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the development of Hemerocallis as affected by phosphorus application in clayey Oxisol (Typic Haplustox). The experiment was conducted at the Gardening area of University Federal of Grande Dourados (UFGD) in Dourados-MS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. The treatments consisted of four P2O5 rates (0, 250, 500, 1000 kg ha(-1)) using simple superphosphate as source. The experimental unit was composed of one Hemerocallis fulva 'Flore Pleno' plant, grown in a plastic pot (5 liters). Phosphorus fertilization increased linearly the concentration of phosphorus in the soil; the plant had maximum absorption (5.26 g kg(-1)) with the calculated dose of 727 kg ha(-1) P2O5. H. fulva has a root system that develops best under high availability of P, however, for aerial part, the maximum of shoots fresh mass (451.1 g) was obtained with 427 kg ha(-1) of P2O5. Number of flower buds, flower diameter and height flower stalks were higher in the presence of phosphorus.

Temporal and Spatial Scaling of the Genetic Structure of a Vector-Borne Plant Pathogen

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Seasonal genetic partitioning in the neotropical malaria vector, Anopheles darlingi

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ethanolic extract of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia leaves: Chemical characterization and cytotoxic effect on human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Nitrogen fertilization (15NH4NO3) of palisadegrass and residual effect on subsequent no-tillage corn

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Utilização de sistema de informação geográfica na avaliação do uso da terra em Botucatu (SP)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Presença e tipificação de Salmonella spp. no conteúdo ruminal de bovinos pós-abate

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Degradação de palhada e liberação de nitrogênio por plantas de cobertura sob plantio direto

Crops used to cover the ground may also release nitrogen into the soil during mineralization. However, it is necessary to identify species that combine fast nutrient release and longer permanence of the straw on the soil surface. The aim of this study was to investigate straw degradation and nitrogen release from cover crops under no-tillage cropping systems. The field trial was performed during two growing seasons in summer (2008/2009 and 2009/2010) in the Cerrado region of Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block in factorial arrangement. Treatments were the combination of five plants (four cover crops species, 1 - Panicum maximum, 2- Brachiaria ruziziensis, 3. Brachiaria brizantha and 4. Pennisetum glaucum [millet], and fallow as a control) with six sampling times (first six weeks after application of glyphosate on the cover crops). Pennisetum glaucum and fallow showed faster straw degradation and nitrogen release. The cover crops Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha and Brachiaria ruziziensis stood out in biomass production and in the amount of nitrogen in their shoots but had the lowest coefficients of degradation and persisted longer on the soil surface than Pennisetum glaucum and fallow.

Estimativas de parâmetros genéticos para seleção precoce de clones de Eucalyptus para região com ocorrência de geadas

Further to increase the wood yield, is important goal of forest tree breeding the adaptation of clones through diverse environment, especially for soil and climate. Perennial tree species such as eucalypts, have a long life cycle and the frosts can occur and to be their limiting source of cultivation. The aim of the study was to determine the genetic variability and the genetic correlations between selection ages of clones cultivated in the municipality of Palma So la, SC, Brazil, where frosts are common in the winter. A clonal trial was set up in 2008 in Palma So la, by statistical design of randomized complete blocks considering 29 clones, six replications, six plants per plot, and 3.0m x 3.0 m spacing. The silvicultural characters of total plant height, diameter of breast height (dbh), and wood volume were evaluated through 24, 36, 48, and 60 months old. The deviance analysis and estimates of genetic parameters were based on the REML / BLUP genetic statistical procedure. Significant differences were observed for all traits in the deviance analysis. High correlations and statistically significant between characters were observed, indicating that the early selection will provide significant gains. Part of the clones USP/IPEF 64, USP/IPEF 78, USP/IPEF 52, USP/IPEF 68, and USP/IPEF 74) are potential to be used into the breeding programs and in commercial stands into the studied frost regions.

Transição para um novo centro de distribuição logístico em uma indústria de confecção

In a highly competitive environment for manufacturers and retailers in the garment sector, flexible solutions for warehousing, distribution and exhibition of products directly influence the cost and responsiveness to market demands. This work refers to a Textile/Clothing, which undergoes a process of restructuring and growth, where we evaluated the need for professionalism in all its processes, so that the high demands were met in a sales perennial. Thus, this study aims to identify and analyze possible improvements in the process of transition from a logistics/manufacturing force in a Textile/Clothing in existence since 1998, located in São Paulo, a framework for a new logistics Center Distribution Logistics. The theoretical basis of the research literature addresses as Distribution Center and its basic functions, layout and performance indicators. As result it was mapped the current logistics processes, contributing directly to the development of the layout of the new Distribution Center. Have also been established KPI,s ( Key Performance Indicator) and Logistics Performance Indicators showing the actual process performance, helping professionals in make decisions

Ecologia de cultivos: caracterização dos aspectos ecológicos dos diferentes cultivos no município de Cristais Paulistas-SP

Planning is an essential instrument for the agricultural occupation of the lands, because it supports the activities of food production and raw materials. It must be driven by techniques that provide the sustainability of these activities, so that also ensures the environmental balance of agroecosystems. Lands misuse can be considered as one of the causes of frustration of agricultural activities. Thus, the occurrence of discrepancies between the effective use (real use) of the land and its agricultural aptitude can compete, in many cases, to the decrease of productivity, as well as for soil degradation. In this way, this research intends to study the relationship between the temporary cultivations, halfperennial cultures, perennial and its developmental environment, determining the edaphoclimatic characteristics of landscapes. From then on, a letter shall be subject to the use and occupation of the soil for agriculture in the municipality of Cristais Paulista-SP, aiming to describe the spatial organization of land use and vegetation cover, and emphasizing management and conservative practices. For that, climatic factors were characterized, fundamentally humidity, temperature and luminosity; edaphics, including parental material, chemical and physical properties, fertility, soil temperature and climatic zoning; biotic, referring to the suitability of different cultures or to be implanted; physical, such as geomorphology, slope, geology, hypsometry and hydrology; socioeconomic, in particular production and marketing seasons; and the way they all, together, affect the adaptation, distribution and production of crops. Using this information, the zoning of the area of study was done based on the 21 nominated groups obtained, in addition to recommendations and suggestions for handling each type of cultivation... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)