Avaliação de novas propostas em arcabouços tridimencionais (3D) para cultura de células-tronco mesenquinas e condogênese

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Condições oceanográficas, ocupação territorial e problemas ambientais na praia do Atalaia (nordeste do Pará, Brasil)

A conservação e gestão da zona costeira da região amazônica merecem atenção especial, devido à riqueza de seus recursos naturais. O presente estudo visa avaliar os impactos dos eventos naturais e atividades humanas na praia de Atalaia, situada no estado do Pará (Brasil), e o desenvolvimento de diretrizes para a implementação de programas de gestão costeira. Os dados foram coletados entre novembro/2008 e novembro/2010. Quatro conjuntos de variáveis foram avaliados: (i) variáveis físicas (climatologia, hidrodinâmica e morfodinâmica), (ii) variáveis hidrológicas (temperatura da água, salinidade, pH, turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido e nutrientes inorgânicos dissolvidos, clorofila a e níveis de coliformes termotolerantes), (iii) desenvolvimento urbano e (iv) distribuição espacial de serviços e infraestrutura. Os resultados indicam que o clima e as condições hidrodinâmicas foram os principais fatores responsáveis pelas flutuações na qualidade de água, turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido, nutrientes inorgânicos dissolvidos e concentrações de clorofila a. A descarga de esgoto doméstico não tratado foi responsável pela contaminação bacteriológica, embora a rápida turbulência decorrente da alta energia hidrodinâmica do ambiente tenha limitado a contaminação por coliformes termotolerantes. Esta alta energia hidrodinâmica, principalmente durante as marés equinociais de sizígia e a falta de planejamento urbano gera outros problemas, tais como a erosão costeira. A área de estudo é caracterizada por altas taxas pluviométricas (> 1900 mm durante a estação chuvosa), ventos de NE com velocidades médias mensais superiores a 4,36 m/s na estação seca e 3,06 m/s na estação chuvosa, condições de macromaré (alcance da maré > 4,0 m), velocidades moderadas de correntes de maré (superior a 0,5 m/s) e alturas de ondas significantes superior a 1,5 m. Em março e junho (meses chuvosos), a corrente de maré vazante alcançou um máximo de 0,4 m/s. O ciclo de maré foi fracamente assimétrico com a maré vazante durando mais de 6 horas e 40 minutos. A energia das ondas foram fracamente moduladas pela maré baixa devido à atenuação das ondas em bancos de areia. A temperatura da água foi relativamente homogênea (27,4°C a 29,3°C). A salinidade variou de 5,7 (junho) a 37,4 (novembro). A água foi bem oxigenada (superior a 9,17 mg/L), turva (superior a 118 NTU), alcalina (acima de 8,68) e eutrófica (máximo de 2,36 μmol/L para nitrito, 24,34 μmol/L para nitrato, 0,6 μmol/L para fosfato e 329,7 μmol/L para silicato), além de apresentar altas concentrações de clorofila a (acima de 82 mg/m³). As condições naturais observadas no presente estudo indicam a necessidade de uma revisão dos critérios hidrológicos usados para avaliação de praias por agências nacionais e internacionais e sua adaptação para a realidade da costa amazônica. A falta de sistema de saneamento público levou a contaminação bacteriológica e a perda da qualidade da água. Com relação ao estado morfodinâmico, as condições dissipativas foram encontradas durante alta a moderada energia hidrodinâmica (condições equinociais e não-equinociais), porém em novembro as maiores alturas de ondas geraram características de barred dissipative, enquanto nos outros meses características nonbarred foram dominantes. Desta forma, o modelo proposto por Masselink & Short (1993) parece não ser ideal para ser aplicado em praias com características similares a praia de Atalaia, na qual a energia das ondas é modulada pela presença de bancos de areia durante algumas fases da maré.

Sexualidade e orientação sexual na formação de professores: uma análise da política educacional

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Markovian versus non-Markovian stochastic quantization of a complex-action model

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Das transformadas integrais ao cálculo fracionário aplicado à equação logística

Pós-graduação em Biometria - IBB

Algoritmo tabu search especializado para o problema de planejamento da expansao de sistemas de transmissão

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

On the Newton method for solving fuzzy optimization problems

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

On the statistical and transport properties of a non-dissipative Fermi-Ulam model

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Using Non-Traditional Activities to Enhance Mathematical Connections

In this action research study of my classroom of seventh grade mathematics, I investigated the use of non-traditional activities to enhance mathematical connections. The types of nontraditional activities used were hands-on activities, written explanations, and oral communication that required students to apply a new mathematical concept to either prior knowledge or a realworld application. I discovered that the use of non-traditional activities helped me reach a variety of learners in my classroom. These activities also increased my students’ abilities to apply their mathematical knowledge to different applications. Having students explain their reasoning during non-traditional activities improved their communications skills, both orally and in writing. As a result of this research, I plan to incorporate more non-traditional activities into my curriculum. In doing so, I hope to continue to increase my students’ abilities to solve problems. I also plan to incorporate the use of written explanations of my students’ mathematical reasoning in order to continue to improve their communication of mathematics.

Numerical simulation of drop impact and jet buckling problems using the eXtended Pom-Pom model

This work presents numerical simulations of two fluid flow problems involving moving free surfaces: the impacting drop and fluid jet buckling. The viscoelastic model used in these simulations is the eXtended Pom-Pom (XPP) model. To validate the code, numerical predictions of the drop impact problem for Newtonian and Oldroyd-B fluids are presented and compared with other methods. In particular, a benchmark on numerical simulations for a XPP drop impacting on a rigid plate is performed for a wide range of the relevant parameters. Finally, to provide an additional application of free surface flows of XPP fluids, the viscous jet buckling problem is simulated and discussed. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Generating unconstrained two-dimensional non-guillotine cutting patterns by a Recursive Partitioning Algorithm

In this study, a dynamic programming approach to deal with the unconstrained two-dimensional non-guillotine cutting problem is presented. The method extends the recently introduced recursive partitioning approach for the manufacturer's pallet loading problem. The approach involves two phases and uses bounds based on unconstrained two-staged and non-staged guillotine cutting. The method is able to find the optimal cutting pattern of a large number of pro blem instances of moderate sizes known in the literature and a counterexample for which the approach fails to find known optimal solutions was not found. For the instances that the required computer runtime is excessive, the approach is combined with simple heuristics to reduce its running time. Detailed numerical experiments show the reliability of the method. Journal of the Operational Research Society (2012) 63, 183-200. doi: 10.1057/jors.2011.6 Published online 17 August 2011

Gender differences in drinking patterns and alcohol-related problems in a community sample in Sao Paulo, Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To investigate drinking patterns and gender differences in alcohol-related problems in a Brazilian population, with an emphasis on the frequency of heavy drinking. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a probability adult household sample (n = 1,464) in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Alcohol intake and ICD-10 psychopathology diagnoses were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 1.1. The analyses focused on the prevalence and determinants of 12-month non-heavy drinking, heavy episodic drinking (4-5 drinks per occasion), and heavy and frequent drinking (heavy drinking at least 3 times/week), as well as associated alcohol-related problems according to drinking patterns and gender. RESULTS: Nearly 22% (32.4% women, 8.7% men) of the subjects were lifetime abstainers, 60.3% were non-heavy drinkers, and 17.5% reported heavy drinking in a 12-month period (26.3% men, 10.9% women). Subjects with the highest frequency of heavy drinking reported the most problems. Among subjects who did not engage in heavy drinking, men reported more problems than did women. A gender convergence in the amount of problems was observed when considering heavy drinking patterns. Heavy and frequent drinkers were twice as likely as abstainers to present lifetime depressive disorders. Lifetime nicotine dependence was associated with all drinking patterns. Heavy and frequent drinking was not restricted to young ages. CONCLUSIONS: Heavy and frequent episodic drinking was strongly associated with problems in a community sample from the largest city in Latin America. Prevention policies should target this drinking pattern, independent of age or gender. These findings warrant continued research on risky drinking behavior, particularly among persistent heavy drinkers at the non-dependent level.

SUPERLINEAR ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS WITH SIGN CHANGING COEFFICIENTS

Via variational methods, we study multiplicity of solutions for the problem {-Delta u = lambda b(x)vertical bar u vertical bar(q-2)u + au + g(x, u) in Omega, u - 0 on partial derivative Omega, where a simple example for g( x, u) is |u|(p-2)u; here a, lambda are real parameters, 1 < q < 2 < p <= 2* and b(x) is a function in a suitable space L-sigma. We obtain a class of sign changing coefficients b(x) for which two non-negative solutions exist for any lambda > 0, and a total of five nontrivial solutions are obtained when lambda is small and a >= lambda(1). Note that this type of results are valid even in the critical case.

A continuously differentiable upwinding scheme for the simulation of fluid flow problems

This paper deals with the numerical solution of complex fluid dynamics problems using a new bounded high resolution upwind scheme (called SDPUS-C1 henceforth), for convection term discretization. The scheme is based on TVD and CBC stability criteria and is implemented in the context of the finite volume/difference methodologies, either into the CLAWPACK software package for compressible flows or in the Freeflow simulation system for incompressible viscous flows. The performance of the proposed upwind non-oscillatory scheme is demonstrated by solving two-dimensional compressible flow problems, such as shock wave propagation and two-dimensional/axisymmetric incompressible moving free surface flows. The numerical results demonstrate that this new cell-interface reconstruction technique works very well in several practical applications. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Non-inflammatory destructive periodontal disease: a clinical, microbiological, immunological and genetic investigation

Periodontitis comprises a group of multifactorial diseases in which periodontopathogens accumulate in dental plaque and trigger host chronic inflammatory and immune responses against periodontal structures, which are determinant to the disease outcome. Although unusual cases of non-inflammatory destructive periodontal disease (NIDPD) are described, their pathogenesis remains unknown. A unique NIDPD case was investigated by clinical, microbiological, immunological and genetic tools. The patient, a non-smoking dental surgeon with excessive oral hygiene practice, presented a generalized bone resorption and tooth mobility, but not gingival inflammation or occlusion problems. No hematological, immunological or endocrine alterations were found. No periodontopathogens (A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum and T. denticola) or viruses (HCMV, EBV-1 and HSV-1) were detected, along with levels of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha in GCF compatible with healthy tissues. Conversely ALP, ACP and RANKL GCF levels were similar to diseased periodontal sites. Genetic investigation demonstrated that the patient carried some SNPs, as well HLA-DR4 (*0404) and HLA-B27 alleles, considered risk factors for bone loss. Then, a less vigorous and diminished frequency of toothbrushing was recommended to the patient, resulting in the arrest of alveolar bone loss, associated with the return of ALP, ACP and RANKL in GCF to normality levels. In conclusion, the unusual case presented here is compatible with the previous description of NIDPD, and the results that a possible combination of excessive force and frequency of mechanical stimulation with a potentially bone loss prone genotype could result in the alveolar bone loss seen in NIDPD.