Avaliação física e química da polpa de maracujá congelada comercializada na região de Bauru

A indústria de polpa de maracujá tem como objetivo a obtenção de produtos com características sensoriais e nutricionais próximas da fruta in natura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as informações nutricionais das embalagens e as características físico-químicas das polpas de maracujá congeladas. Foram analisadas 25 amostras, de 07 marcas diferentes, adquiridas em supermercados de Bauru-SP, e região. Apenas uma das marcas analisadas (14,3%) encontra-se em acordo com a legislação vigente, sendo que as demais apresentam tabelas ultrapassadas ou incompletas. As características físico-químicas diferem entre as marcas comercializadas, principalmente quanto ao teor de ácido ascórbico, sendo que 64,0% das amostras se encontram em desarcordo com o Regulamento Técnico para Fixação dos Padrões de Identidade e Qualidade (PIQ) para polpa de maracujá do Ministério da Agricultura. As variações observadas entre a polpa in natura e a congelada são menores nos itens: densidade, pH, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez em ácido cítrico e ratio, mas altas quanto ao teor de ácido ascórbico.

Recuperação de solos degradados na exploração mineral de cassiterita: biomassa microbiana e atividade da desidrogenase

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Emprego do método da eletrorresistividade no estudo da contaminação subterrânea do cemitério municipal de Vila Rezende, Piracicaba - SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Áreas ecologicamente estáveis como instrumento de planejamento ambiental

The population growth phenomenon, coupled with recent urbanization, is seen in all continents and generates huge pressures on the physical and biotic environment, resulting in floods in several areas, desertification in others, and also various forms of pollution that cause serious problems to human health. It is appropriate to ask, what actions can be implemented in consolidated urban areas to improve the quality of life in this environment? What growth alternatives present themselves to today's society in order to keep an acceptable level of environmental quality in urban centers? A possibility is presented herein, stemming from the application of the Biotope Area Factor (BAF; www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de) to an area of a Brazilian municipality. Current growing waterproofing requirements fur lots of the area were assesed, comparing them with those that would be desirable by the implementation of the BAF. The associated costs of this deployment are also discussed.

Uso de regressão linear para estimar parâmetros físico-químicos relacionados à qualidade do jerked beef

Jerked beef is officially defined as salted, cured and dried beef. Water activity (Aw), moisture, ash and residual nitrite are the physicochemical parameters that define this product identity and quality standards. In this work, the behavior of these parameters during jerked beef processing was evaluated and a significant correlation among them was revealed. These results allowed the establishment of statistical equations that enable the estimation of all the physicochemical parameters from the results obtained in the measurement of just one of them.

Regional hydroclimatic variability and Brazil's 2001 energy crisis

Purpose - This paper seeks to address the issue of persistent and widespread drought conditions during 2000 and 2001, which were the apparent cause of the decline of water levels in the reservoirs of Brazilian hydroelectric power plants. Design/methodology/approach - This issue is addressed here through a case study of the hydroclimatology of the Paraíba river basin, in Southeast Brazil, home to four large multi-purpose operational reservoirs. Findings - The data analysis shows that neither changes in the frequency nor magnitude of extreme hydrological events (droughts and floods) nor in annual rainfall amounts can be detected from the existing climate record. The explanation is consistent with the fact that the terrestrial water and energy cycles are tightly, and non-linearly, coupled through evapotranspiration. Research limitations/implications - Therefore small change in the seasonality of rainfall can have a significant impact on the basin's overall hydrologic regime, and thus on the availability of water resources. Originality/value - Often, adaptation and resilience to climate variability are discussed in the context of catastrophic events such as floods and droughts. This study suggests that a different type of impacts, those associated with subtle, yet persistent changes of seasonality in the terrestrial water cycle, cannot be ignored in studies of long-term sustainability of water resources. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Impactos do uso público EM atrativos turísticos naturais no município de AltinóPolis (SP)

This work was developed aiming to evaluate the environmental impacts of the public use in natural touristic attractive at Altinópolis city (SP), using the Visitor Impact Management method (VTM). In each analyzed natural resource a specific questionnaire was elaborated in accordance with the appropriate pointers that allowed to determinate environmental quality of each point. The results indicated that only two tourist areas need special attention for their preservation. Minimization methods, monitoring and educational practices are proposals in order to tourist practices be made with environmental responsibility.

Latin America and the Caribbean in the World Economy 2007: 2008 trends

Includes bibliography

A cartografia do relevo de áreas de sedimentação recente: O caso do litoral sul paulista

The coast environments were the first areas the man occupied in Brazil and they present, nowadays, high urbanization indexes. So, it's very important to analyze the environmental quality of those areas. The geomorphologic aspects are valuable for that analysis because they constitute the physical substrate on which such ant anthropic activities are developed. The cartography of geomorphologic features is essential to supply subsidies for the handling of coastal areas. However, the question about what proceedings are adequate to the geomorphologic cartography of recent sedimentation coastal lands is still in discussion by many authors. This article aims to compare two different technical proposals for mapping São Paulo's south coast, a sector that shows a great depositional complexity. The features related to recent sedimentation sectors were mapped because it's considered that they are necessary to understand the morphodynamic and, at the same time, they demonstrate difficulties in geomorphologic cartography standardization. Through the analysis of the produced maps it's possible to notice that the two proposals have positive aspects, but both need adaptations to cartographically demonstrate the geomorphologic complexity of São Paulo's south coast.

A case study of concurrent engineering application on the development of parts for the white goods industry in Brazil

This classical way to manage product development processes for massive production seems to be changing: high pressure for cost reduction, higher quality standards, markets reaching for innovation lead to the necessity of new tools for development control. Into this, and learning from the automotive and aerospace industries factories from other segments are starting to understand and apply manufacturing and assembly oriented projects to ease the task of generate goods and from this obtain at least a part of the expected results. This paper is intended to demonstrate the applicability of the concepts of Concurrent Engineering and DFM/DFA (Design for Manufacturing and Assembly) in the development of products and parts for the White Goods industry in Brazil (major appliances as refrigerators, cookers and washing machines), showing one case concerning the development and releasing of a component. Finally is demonstrated in a short term how was reached a solution that could provide cost savings and reduction on the time to delivery using those techniques.

Infrared thermography applied to the evaluation of metabolic heat loss of chicks fed with different energy densities

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A qualidade ambiental urbana na legislação municipal: exemplo do plano diretor de araçatuba-SP 1

Environmental quality is a fundamental issue in order to characterize quality of life in the cities. The human activities interfere in environmental processes, causing impacts that must be minimized. It is the task of municipal laws to impose theoretic and practical foundations appropriated to the dimension of local problems. In this sense, the goal of this work was to propose a discussion about the recognition of environmental quality in municipal law, especially in the Municipal Master Plan of Araçatuba, city located in the state of São Paulo. It was possible to observe that in many aspects this law is far away from urban reality.

Toxicidade de águas e sedimentos em um rio afetado por atividades mineradoras pretéritas

The Ribeira de Iguape River basin received intense mining activities for lead exploiting and, as a result, the river received the discharges of estimated amounts of 5.5 tons/month of material rich in As, Ba, Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr and Zn. In this article, the toxicity of waters and sediments collected in Ribeira de Iguape River was assessed aiming to estimate environmental quality. Three sampling campaigns were conducted, from 2009 to 2010. Toxicity tests with the cladoceran Daphnia similis were done for water samples and for sediments, in this case using sediment-water interface exposure. Results showed in general absence of toxicity for sediments and waters, and only eventually were acute effects registered (marginal toxicity). Results are consistent with the conditions indicated by the literature, of low concentrations of metals in waters and sediments; however they differ from the monitoring made by the state environmental agency, which registered chronic toxicity. The occurrence of eventual acute toxicity indicates that although Ribeira de Iguape River quality is being restored, conditions still are not totally under control.

The present state and future prospects of the environment in Latin America and the Caribbean

Includes bibliography

Desenvolvimento de interface amigável de rotina em linguagem c++ para o processamento aritmético e estatístico de dados censitários

A routine was developed in C++ for the processing of social and environmental census data acquired by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The routine employs a simple graphical environment. The data generated are presented in a tabular format, which facilitates a broad and objective view of the values, and provides a convenient means of querying the database. The source code used to develop the routine permits updates and changes, as required by the user. Statistical and mathematical analysis enables the generation of social and environmental indicators, together with quantitative and qualitative classification of the socio-environmental quality of the region analyzed. As an example, the routine was applied using census data for the city of Sorocaba (São Paulo State, Brazil), including conditions of household occupation, water supply, sanitation, level of education, income, and other factors. It is envisaged that the proposed analytical model will assist professionals from different fields of research and teaching to develop urban planning and management strategies.