994 resultados para Vives, Joan Lluís, 1492-1540-Biografías


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The magnetocaloric effect that originates from the martensitic transition in the ferromagnetic Ni-Mn-Ga shape-memory alloy is studied. We show that this effect is controlled by the magnetostructural coupling at both the martensitic variant and magnetic domain length scales. A large entropy change induced by moderate magnetic fields is obtained for alloys in which the magnetic moment of the two structural phases is not very different. We also show that this entropy change is not associated with the entropy difference between the martensitic and the parent phase arising from the change in the crystallographic structure which has been found to be independent of the magnetic field within this range of fields.

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Measurements of magnetic hysteresis loops in Cu-Al-Mn alloys of different Mn content at low temperatures are presented. The loops are smooth and continuous above a certain temperature, but exhibit a magnetization discontinuity below that temperature. Scaling analysis suggest that this system displays a disorder-induced phase transition line. Measurements allow one to determine the critical exponents ß=0.03±0.01 and ß¿=0.4±0.1, which coincide with those reported recently in a different system, thus supporting the existence of universality for disorder-induced critical points.

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In this paper we study the evolution of the kinetic features of the martensitic transition in a Cu-Al-Mn single crystal under thermal cycling. The use of several experimental techniques including optical microscopy, calorimetry, and acoustic emission, has enabled us to perform an analysis at multiple scales. In particular, we have focused on the analysis of avalanche events (associated with the nucleation and growth of martensitic domains), which occur during the transition. There are significant differences between the kinetics at large and small length scales. On the one hand, at small length scales, small avalanche events tend to sum to give new larger events in subsequent loops. On the other hand, at large length scales the large domains tend to split into smaller ones on thermal cycling. We suggest that such different behavior is the necessary ingredient that leads the system to the final critical state corresponding to a power-law distribution of avalanches.

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We report on experiments aimed at comparing the hysteretic response of a Cu-Zn-Al single crystal undergoing a martensitic transition under strain-driven and stress-driven conditions. Strain-driven experiments were performed using a conventional tensile machine while a special device was designed to perform stress-driven experiments. Significant differences in the hysteresis loops were found. The strain-driven curves show reentrant behavior yield point which is not observed in the stress-driven case. The dissipated energy in the stress-driven curves is larger than in the strain-driven ones. Results from recently proposed models qualitatively agree with experiments.

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Realització per primera vegada de la cartografia de l’escull de Posidònia oceànica per tal d’observar la seva evolució, i estudi de s’Estany des Peix, concretament de les fortes pressions antròpiques que rep i posterior elaboració d’una proposta el més sostenible possible. S’estudia també la relació entre aquests dos espais

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L'article deixa constància de la necessitat d'un canvi i d'afrontar nous reptes de futur dins el món de l'educació per tal d'interaccionar amb la societat

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Entrevista a Joan Manuel del Pozo, conseller d'Educació i Universitats (maig 2006- novembre 2006): l'opinió d'un polític i professor universitari sobre algunes qüestions candents del món educatiu actual

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Aproximació a la part teòrica de la revisió de la tradició de l'estudi del medi, una nova proposta d'innovació pedagògica i l'experimentació del primer any

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In Catalonia, according to the nitrate directive (91/676/EU), nine areas have been declared as vulnerable to nitrate pollution from agricultural sources (Decret 283/1998 and Decret 479/2004). Five of these areas have been studied coupling hydro chemical data with a multi-isotopic approach (Vitòria et al. 2005, Otero et al. 2007, Puig et al. 2007), in an ongoing research project looking for an integrated application of classical hydrochemistry data, with a comprehensive isotopic characterisation (δ15N and δ18O of dissolved nitrate, δ34S and δ18O of dissolved sulphate, δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon, and δD and δ18O of water). Within this general frame, the contribution presented explores compositional ways of: (i) distinguish agrochemicals and manure N pollution, (ii) quantify natural attenuation of nitrate (denitrification), and identify possible controlling factors. To achieve this two-fold goal, the following techniques have been used. Separate biplots of each suite of data show that each studied region has a distinct δ34S and pH signatures, but they are homogeneous with regard to NO3- related variables. Also, the geochemical variables were projected onto the compositional directions associated with the possible denitrification reactions in each region. The resulting balances can be plot together with some isotopes, to assess their likelihood of occurrence

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L’equip de direcció de l’Escola Politècnica Superior, conscient de la incidència cabdal de l’enginyeria i de l’arquitectura en la societat actual, ha apostat per impulsar a l’entorn de l’Escola una cultura tecnològica més enllà dels coneixements que des dels diferents àmbits s’imparteixen en els estudis reglats

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L’Espai Europeu d’Educació Superior (EEES) implica la reestructuració dels ensenyaments universitaris i un canvi metodològic important cap al paradigma aprendre a aprendre. Però l’EEES és també una oportunitat per fer més real el principi de lliure circulació de les persones

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S’entén com a obsolescència la depreciació d’un producte com a conseqüència del progrés tècnic; aquesta depreciació pot ser causada per diversos motius: l’aparició de tecnologies millors, un canvi de moda o tendència, un deteriorament del producte o un canvi de situació del mercat. En aquest segon número de la rEPiSta recollim una conjunt d'articles amb diferents perspectives a l'entorn del tema de l'obsolocència

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Disseny d’una cadira de rodes a Cuba, tenint en compte el processos de fabricació, que s’ajustin a les necessitats actuals de Cuba , intentant reduir la seva dependència de l’exterior garantint el seu propi autoabastament