Napoleon in exile: St. Helena (1815-1821)

Bibliography: v.2, p. 313-322.

Napoleon en su destierro : continuación del Diario de Santa-Helena /

Los t. IV y V de esta obra, tit. Ultimos momentos de Napoleon, por el Dr. Antommarchi, constituyen un registro independiente.

Journal of the private life and conversations of the emperor Napoleon at Saint Helena.

[In 8 separately paged parts, each vol. containing 2 pts.]

Life and campaigns of Napoleon Bonaparte : giving an account of all his engagements, from the siege of Toulon to the battle of Waterloo, also, embracing accounts of the daring exploits of his marshals, together with his public and private life, from the commencement of his career to his final imprisonment and death on the rock of Helena /

Running title: Memoirs of Napoleon Bonaparte.

A pragmatic 2 × 2 × 2 factorial cluster randomized controlled trial of educational outreach visiting and case conferencing in palliative care—methodology of the Palliative Care Trial [ISRCTN 81117481]

The demand for palliative care is increasing, yet there are few data on the best models of care nor well-validated interventions that translate current evidence into clinical practice. Supporting multidisciplinary patient-centered palliative care while successfully conducting a large clinical trial is a challenge. The Palliative Care Trial (PCT) is a pragmatic 2 x 2 x 2 factorial cluster randomized controlled trial that tests the ability of educational outreach visiting and case conferencing to improve patient-based outcomes such as performance status and pain intensity. Four hundred sixty-one consenting patients and their general practitioners (GPs) were randomized to the following: (1) GP educational outreach visiting versus usual care, (2) Structured patient and caregiver educational outreach visiting versus usual care and (3) A coordinated palliative care model of case conferencing versus the standard model of palliative care in Adelaide, South Australia (3:1 randomization). Main outcome measures included patient functional status over time, pain intensity, and resource utilization. Participants were followed longitudinally until death or November 30, 2004. The interventions are aimed at translating current evidence into clinical practice and there was particular attention in the trial's design to addressing common pitfalls for clinical studies in palliative care. Given the need for evidence about optimal interventions and service delivery models that improve the care of people with life-limiting illness, the results of this rigorous, high quality clinical trial will inform practice. Initial results are expected in mid 2005. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

AVALIAÇÃO DO COMPRIMENTO DA COROA CLÍNICA DOS DENTES ÂNTERO-INFERIORES EM PACIENTES TRATADOS COM APARELHO REGULADOR DE FUNÇÃO FRÄNKEL-2

O objetivo do estudo consistiu em verificar uma possível alteração no tamanho da coroa clínica dos dentes ântero-inferiores em 50 indivíduos portadores de má Oclusão de Angle Classe II. A amostra foi dividida em 2 grupos: um grupo tratado com 25 indivíduos (14 do sexo masculino e 11 do feminino) com idade média em T1 (tempo inicial do tratamento) de 11 anos (dp = 9 meses), e em T2 (tempo pós-tratamento) de 12 anos e 7 meses (dp = 7 meses), tratados com o aparelho regulador de função Fränkel-2, durante 18 meses; e, um grupo controle com 25 indivíduos (12 do sexo masculino e 13 do feminino) com idade média em T1 de 10 anos e 3 meses (dp = 11 meses) e em T2 de 12 anos e 1 mês (dp = 11 meses). Os 100 modelos em gesso dos indivíduos foram analisados e comparados em relação ao início e ao término do tratamento por meio de um paquímetro digital, utilizando-se como medida a distância da borda incisal até a porção mais côncava da margem gengival dos incisivos e caninos inferiores. Os dados foram analisados por meio do teste t de Student e teste t pareado. Dentre os seis dentes ântero-inferiores, todos apresentaram aumento significante no grupo tratado, e apenas três dentes (33,42 e 43) apresentaram aumento significante no grupo controle. Já em relação ao grupo tratado e o grupo controle em T2, houve um aumento significante da coroa nos dentes 32, 33 e 43. Houve um aumento estatisticamente significante em apenas dois dentes (31 e 41) em ambos os sexos. Os resultados não demonstraram relevância estatística quando comparados com a alteração do tamanho da coroa no decorrer da idade. Conclui-se que as medidas das coroas clínicas dos dentes diferiram entre os grupos, sendo maior no grupo tratado. O aumento da coroa clinica dos dentes, não esta relacionado somente pela presença de inclinação para vestibular dos mesmo, mas pode ser considerado como multifatorial.

Semiconductor saturable absorber mirror passively Q-switched 2.97 μm fluoride fiber laser

A diode-cladding-pumped mid-infrared passively Q-switched Ho 3+-doped fluoride fiber laser using a reverse designed broad band semiconductor saturable mirror (SESAM) was demonstrated. Nonlinear reflectivity of the SESAM was measured using an in-house Yb3+-doped mode-locked fiber laser at 1062 nm. Stable pulse train was produced at a slope efficient of 12.1% with respect to the launched pump power. Maximum pulse energy of 6.65 μJ with a pulse width of 1.68 μs and signal to noise ratio (SNR) of ~50 dB was achieved at a repetition rate of 47.6 kHz and center wavelength of 2.971 μm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first 3 μm region SESAM based Q-switched fiber laser with the highest average power and pulse energy, as well as the longest wavelength from mid-infrared passively Q-switched fluoride fiber lasers. © 2014 SPIE.

Short-term stability in refractive status despite large fluctuations in glucose levels in diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2

Purpose: This work investigates how short-term changes in blood glucose concentration affect the refractive components of the diabetic eye in patients with long-term Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Methods: Blood glucose concentration, refractive error components (mean spherical equivalent MSE, J0, J45), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), crystalline lens thickness (LT), axial length (AL) and ocular aberrations were monitored at two-hourly intervals over a 12-hour period in: 20 T1DM patients (mean age ± SD) 38±14 years, baseline HbA1c 8.6±1.9%; 21 T2DM patients (mean age ± SD) 56±11 years, HbA1c 7.5±1.8%; and in 20 control subjects (mean age ± SD) 49±23 years, HbA1c 5.5±0.5%. The refractive and biometric results were compared with the corresponding changes in blood glucose concentration. Results: Blood glucose concentration at different times was found to vary significantly within (p<0.0005) and between groups (p<0.0005). However, the refractive error components and ocular aberrations were not found to alter significantly over the day in either the diabetic patients or the control subjects (p>0.05). Minor changes of marginal statistical or optical significance were observed in some biometric parameters. Similarly there were some marginally significant differences between the baseline biometric parameters of well-controlled and poorly-controlled diabetic subjects. Conclusion: This work suggests that normal, short-term fluctuations (of up to about 6 mM/l on a timescale of a few hours) in the blood glucose levels of diabetics are not usually associated with acute changes in refractive error or ocular wavefront aberrations. It is therefore possible that factors other than refractive error fluctuations are sometimes responsible for the transient visual problems often reported by diabetic patients. © 2012 Huntjens et al.