The Tatler; or, Lucubrations of Isaac Bickerstaff, Esq.

Each vol. has a separate index.

The works of Shakespeare /

"The text ... from MacBeth [v. 31] onwards has been edited by Mr. Walter Raleigh" note in v. 38.

Neue Bilder Gallerie für junge Söhne und Töchter zur angenehmen und nützlichen Selbstbeschäftigung aus dem Reiche der Natur, Kunst, Sitten, und des gemeinen Lebens.

Begun under the editorship of Johann Daniel Friedrich Rumpf, continued by Carl Lang. Cf. Holzmann & Bohatta.

Commercii epistolici Leibnitiani : ad omne genus eruditionis, praesertim vero ad illustrandam integri propemodum seculi historiam literariam apprime facientis : per partes publicandi, tomus prodromus, qui totus est /

Bound in contemporary vellum, tooled in gold on spines. All edges sprinkled red.

History of the rise and fall of the slave power in America /

Includes indexes.

The letters of Algernon Charles Swinburne /

SPEC: Vol. 1: xiv, 303, [1] p. ; v. 2: [4], 295, [1] p.

Anecdotes of painting in England; with some account of the principal artists; and incidental notes on other arts;

Bookplate of W. S. Appleton.

Redescription of the gnathostome fish fauna from the mid-Palaeozoic Silverband Formation, the Grampians, Victoria

Gnathostome vertebrate remains from fine-grained sandstones of the Silverband Formation in the Grampians, Victoria include dissociated fin spines, scales and teeth. These elements arc assigned herein to the acanthodians Sinacanthus? micracanthus (fin spines) and Radioporacanthodes sp. cf. R. qujingensis (scales and tooth whorls). This fauna indicates a Late Silurian (?late Ludlow) age for the vertebrate-beating Stratum. Under current systematic groupings, the two gnathostome taxa from the Silverband Formation belong to two different families, the Sinacanthidae and the Poracanthodidae. However. the preserved association could indicate that the three element types derived from the same biological species. The possibility that the Sinacanthidae is a sister group to the Climatiidae and the Poracanthodidae is raised by this scenario. The Sinacanthidae is tentatively reassigned to the Acanthodii, as it is considered to lack diagnostic chondrichthyan characters.

Diplacanthid acanthodians from the Aztec Siltstone (late Middle Devonian) of southern Victoria Land, Antartica

One articulated and several partial, semi-articulated specimens of acanthodians were collected in 1970 from the freshwater deposits of the Aztec Siltstone (Middle Devonian; Givetian), Portal Mountain, southern Victoria Land, Antarctica, during a Victoria University of Wellington Antarctic Expedition. The Portal Mountain fish fauna, preserved in a finely laminated, non-calcareous siltstone, includes acanthodians, palaeoniscoids, and bothriolepid placoderms. The articulated acanthodian specimens are the most complete fossil fish remains documented so far from the Aztec assemblage, which is the most diverse fossil vertebrate fauna known from Antarctica. They are described as a new taxon, Milesacanthus antarctica gen. et sp. nov., which is assigned to the family Diplacanthidae. Its fin spines show some similarities to spine fragments named Byssacanthoides debenhami from glacial moraine at Granite Harbour, Antarctica, and much larger spines named Antarctonchus glacialis from outcrops of the Aztec Siltstone in the Boomerang Range, southern Victoria Land. Both of these are reviewed, and retained as form taxa for isolated spines. Various isolated remains of fin spines and scales are described from Portal Mountain and Mount Crean (Lashly Range), and referred to Milesacanthus antarctica gen. et sp. nov. The histology of spines and scales is documented for the first time, and compared with acanthodian material from the Devonian of Australia and Europe. Distinctive fin spines from Mount Crean are provisionally assigned to Culmacanthus antarctica Young, 1989b. Several features on the most complete of the new fish specimens - in particular, the apparent lack of an enlarged cheek plate - suggest a revision of the diagnosis for the Diplacanthidae.

Stephanostomum tantabiddii n. sp. (Digenea: Acanthocolpidae) from Carangoides fulvoguttatus (Forsskal, 1775) (Perciformes: Carangidae) from Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia

A new species, Stephanostomum tantabiddii n. sp., is described from the yellowspotted trevally Carangoides fulvoguttatus from Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. It has 38 - 45 circum-oral spines and the vitellarium reaches to no less than 17% of the hindbody length from the ventral sucker. It differs from other species of Stephanostomum with these characteristics by various combinations of the ventral hiatus of the circum-oral spine rows, the relatively long pars prostatica and short ejaculatory duct, the elongate body and the wide gaps between the gonads.

Synaptology of the proximal segment of pyramidal cell basal dendrites

Pyramidal neurons are covered with dendritic spines, the main postsynaptic targets of excitatory (asymmetrical) synapses. However, the proximal portion of both the apical and basal dendrites is devoid of spines, suggesting a lack of excitatory inputs to this region. In the present study we used electron microscopy to analyse the proximal region of the basal dendrites of supra- and infragranular pyramidal cells to determine if this is the case. The proximal region of 80 basal dendrites sampled from the rat hindlimb representation in the primary somatosensory cortex was studied by electron microscopy A total of 317 synapses were found within this region of the dendrites, all of which were of the symmetrical type. These results suggest that glutamate receptors, although present in the cytoplasm, are not involved in synaptic junctions in the proximal portion of the dendrites. These data further support the idea that inhibitory terminals exclusively innervate the proximal region of basal dendrites.

Genetic study of alcoholism and novel gene expression in the alcoholic brain

Alcohol dependence may result from neuroadaptation involving alteration of gene expression after long-term alcohol exposure. The systematic study of gene expression profiles of the human alcoholic brain was initiated using the method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-differential display and was followed by DNA microarray. To date, more than 100 alcohol-responsive genes have been identified from the frontal cortex, motor cortex and nucleus accumbens of the human brain. These genes have a wide range of functions in the brain and indicate diverse actions of alcohol on neuronal function. This review discusses the current information on the genetic basis of alcoholism and the induction and characterization of these alcohol-responsive genes.

On dendrites in Down syndrome and DS murine models: a spiny way to learn

Since the discovery in the 1970s that dendritic abnormalities in cortical pyramidal neurons are the most consistent pathologic correlate of mental retardation, research has focused on how dendritic alterations are related to reduced intellectual ability. Due in part to obvious ethical problems and in part to the lack of fruitful methods to study neuronal circuitry in the human cortex, there is little data about the microanatomical contribution to mental retardation. The recent identification of the genetic bases of some mental retardation associated alterations, coupled with the technology to create transgenic animal models and the introduction of powerful sophisticated tools in the field of microanatomy, has led to a growth in the studies of the alterations of pyramidal cell morphology in these disorders. Studies of individuals with Down syndrome, the most frequent genetic disorder leading to mental retardation, allow the analysis of the relationships between cognition, genotype and brain microanatomy. In Down syndrome the crucial question is to define the mechanisms by which an excess of normal gene products, in interaction with the environment, directs and constrains neural maturation, and how this abnormal development translates into cognition and behaviour. In the present article we discuss mainly Down syndrome-associated dendritic abnormalities and plasticity and the role of animal models in these studies. We believe that through the further development of such approaches, the study of the microanatomical substrates of mental retardation will contribute significantly to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying human brain disorders associated with mental retardation. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A study of pyramidal cell structure in the cingulate cortex of the macaque monkey with comparative notes on inferotemporal and primary visual cortex

Recent studies have revealed a marked degree of variation in the pyramidal cell phenotype in visual, somatosensory, motor and prefrontal cortical areas in the brain of different primates, which are believed to subserve specialized cortical function. In the present study we carried out comparisons of dendritic structure of layer III pyramidal cells in the anterior and posterior cingulate cortex and compared their structure with those sampled from inferotemporal cortex (IT) and the primary visual area (V1) in macaque monkeys. Cells were injected with Lucifer Yellow in flat-mounted cortical slices, and processed for a light-stable DAB reaction product. Size, branching pattern, and spine density of basal dendritic arbors was determined, and somal areas measured. We found that pyramidal cells in anterior cingulate cortex were more branched and more spinous than those in posterior cingulate cortex, and cells in both anterior and posterior cingulate were considerably larger, more branched, and more spinous than those in area V1. These data show that pyramidal cell structure differs between posterior dysgranular and anterior granular cingulate cortex, and that pyramidal neurons in cingulate cortex have different structure to those in many other cortical areas. These results provide further evidence for a parallel between structural and functional specialization in cortex.

Alterations in the phenotype of neocortical pyramidal cells in the Dyrk1A+/- mouse

The gene encoding the dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase DYRK1A maps to the chromosomal segment HSA21q22.2, which lies within the Down syndrome critical region. The reduction in brain size and behavioral defects observed in mice lacking one copy of the murine homologue Dyrk1A (Dyrk1A+/-) support the idea that this kinase may be involved in monosomy 21 associated mental retardation. However, the structural basis of these behavioral defects remains unclear. In the present work, we have analyzed the microstructure of cortical circuitry in the Dyrk1A+/- mouse and control littermates by intracellular injection of Lucifer Yellow in fixed cortical tissue. We found that labeled pyramidal cells were considerably smaller, less branched and less spinous in the cortex of Dyrk1A+/- mice than in control littermates. These results suggest that Dyrk1A influences the size and complexity of pyramidal cells, and thus their capability to integrate information. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.