Puteshestvīe v Turkestan /

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Tentamen generis tamaricum species accuratius difiniendi.

At head of title: Universitatis litterariae caesareae dorpatensis solemnia peractorum x lustrorum in dies XII et XIII M. decembris anni huius MDCCCLII celebranda indicat nomine ordinis physicorum et mathematicorum Alexander Bunge.

Beitrag zur kenntniss der flor Russlands und der steppen Central-Asiens.

Mode of access: Internet.

Ausonius’ Caesares

Ausonio de Burdigala (Burdeos) escribe entre los años 379-383 su obra poética titulada Caesares. Esta colección es una biografía de la vida de los emperadores en verso (hexámetro y dístico elegíaco). Caesares no está completa; la obra acaba de repente en el cuarteto dedicado a Heliogábalo. En este trabajo abordamos el género de la colección, examinamos el estilo de Ausonio en varias partes (monósticos y tetrásticos) y destacamos las fuentes (Suetonio, Tácito, Kaisergeschichte, Mario Máximo). Asimismo valoramos las diferentes opiniones que los estudiosos de Ausonio han expresado sobre la parte perdida de esta colección.

Quintus Curtius before his sources: the episode of Alexander and the Scythians on the Tanais

Quintus Curtius found in his sources a speech where a Scythian censured Alexander, followed by the King’s reply. Curtius drastically abridged this second discourse in order to highlight the criticism of the Macedonian. The Scythian’s words have a striking rhetorical language and some allusions taken from Greek literature, in addition to possible indirect references to Caligula. Curtius declares that he follows his source word-for-word aiming to justify these inconsistencies, but also trying to hide the manipulations he has done to achieve his own narrative purposes.

Das Erzbistum Trier 12. Das Kollegiatstift St. Martin und St. Severus zu Münstermaifeld

Über acht Jahrhunderte war das Stift Münstermaifeld einer der bedeutendsten kirchlichen Mittelpunkte der Vordereifel. Schon im Frühmittelalter an einem ehemaligen römischen Siedlungsplatz im Maifeld als Priestergemeinschaft entstanden, entwickelte es sich um 1200 zu einem bedeutenden Kollegiatstift mit reichem Besitz zwischen Koblenz, Mayen und der Mosel. Herausragende Persönlichkeiten wie die Pröpste Elias und Nikolaus von Kues waren dort tätig. Noch heute überragt die ehemalige Stiftskirche weithin sichtbar die Stadt Münstermaifeld und das fruchtbare Maifeld. Dem Schema der Germania Sacra folgend, wurden alle fassbaren Quellen und Unterlagen zur Geschichte des Stiftes von den Anfängen bis zur Auflösung in der Säkularisation 1802 ausgewertet. Aufgrund der engen Verzahnung der geistlichen Einrichtung mit der Stadt Münstermaifeld und dem Umland stellt der Band auch eine hervorragende Grundlage für die Geschichte der Städte und Orte im Moselraum dar, in denen das Stift begütert war. Das kirchliche Leben im Stift und in den umliegenden Pfarreien wird beschrieben und durch ein umfangreiches Kapitel mit den Kurzbiographien aller dem Stift angehörigen Kanoniker, Vikare und Pfarrer ergänzt.

Regional differences of outpatient physician supply as a theoretical economic and empirical generalized linear model

BACKGROUND: Regional differences in physician supply can be found in many health care systems, regardless of their organizational and financial structure. A theoretical model is developed for the physicians' decision on office allocation, covering demand-side factors and a consumption time function. METHODS: To test the propositions following the theoretical model, generalized linear models were estimated to explain differences in 412 German districts. Various factors found in the literature were included to control for physicians' regional preferences. RESULTS: Evidence in favor of the first three propositions of the theoretical model could be found. Specialists show a stronger association to higher populated districts than GPs. Although indicators for regional preferences are significantly correlated with physician density, their coefficients are not as high as population density. CONCLUSIONS: If regional disparities should be addressed by political actions, the focus should be to counteract those parameters representing physicians' preferences in over- and undersupplied regions.

The Role of decision-analytic modelling in German health technology assessments

BACKGROUND: Decision-analytic modelling (DAM) has become a widespread method in health technology assessments (HTA), but the extent to which modelling is used differs among international HTA institutions. In Germany, the use of DAM is optional within HTAs of the German Institute of Medical Documentation and Information (DIMDI). Our study examines the use of DAM in DIMDI HTA reports and its effect on the quality of information provided for health policies. METHODS: A review of all DIMDI HTA reports (from 1998 to September 2012) incorporating an economic assessment was performed. All included reports were divided into two groups: HTAs with DAM and HTAs without DAM. In both groups, reports were categorized according to the quality of information provided for healthcare decision making. RESULTS: Of the sample of 107 DIMDI HTA reports, 17 (15.9%) used DAM for economic assessment. In the group without DAM, conclusions were limited by the quality of economic information in 51.1% of the reports, whereas we did not find limited conclusions in the group with DAM. Furthermore, 24 reports without DAM (26.7%) stated that using DAM would likely improve the quality of information of the economic assessment. CONCLUSION: The use of DAM techniques can improve the quality of HTAs in Germany. When, after a systematic review of existing literature within a HTA, it is clear that DAM is likely to positively affect the quality of the economic assessment DAM should be used.

Impact of radiofrequency ablation for patients with varicose veins on the budget of the German statutory health insurance system

Objectives: In contrast to other countries, surgery still represents the common invasive treatment for varicose veins in Germany. However, radiofrequency ablation, e.g. ClosureFast, becomes more and more popular in other countries due to potential better results and reduced side effects. This treatment option may cause less follow-up costs and is a more convenient procedure for patients, which could justify an introduction in the statutory benefits catalogue. Therefore, we aim at calculating the budget impact of a general reimbursement of ClosureFast in Germany. Methods: To assess the budget impact of including ClosureFast in the German statutory benefits catalogue, we developed a multi-cohort Markov model and compared the costs of a “World with ClosureFast” with a “World without ClosureFast” over a time horizon of five years. To address the uncertainty of input parameters, we conducted three different types of sensitivity analysis (one-way, scenario, probabilistic). Results: In the Base Case scenario, the introduction of the ClosureFast system for the treatment of varicose veins saves costs of about 19.1 Mio. € over a time horizon of five years in Germany. However, the results scatter in the sensitivity analyses due to limited evidence of some key input parameters. Conclusions: Results of the budget impact analysis indicate that a general reimbursement of ClosureFast has the potential to be cost-saving in the German Statutory Health Insurance.

Experiences of COPD patients with existing smoking cessation programs and their preferences for improvement - a qualitative analysis

BACKGROUND: Smoking is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). For current smokers who are diagnosed with COPD, their first treatment option is to stop smoking. Motivation is necessary for long-term smoking cessation; therefore, when designing smoking cessation programs, the patients' needs and preferences should be considered. We focused on COPD patients' experiences with existing smoking cessation programs and evaluated their preferences for the improvement of these programs. METHODS: We conducted 18 guideline-based interviews with COPD patients between April and June 2014 in Germany. Each patient with COPD, who was a current or past smoker and had made at least one attempt to quit smoking in the past 5 years, was included in the study. We audiotaped, verbatim transcribed, and evaluated the interviews, using content analysis. RESULTS: The patients had broad and different experiences with pharmaceutical, behavioral, and alternative approaches that supported or negatively influenced the smoking cessation process. Pharmaceuticals were viewed as an expensive alternative with many side effects although they helped to stop cravings for a few moments. Furthermore, the bad structure and impersonal content of the seminars for smoking cessation negatively influenced group cohesion, and therefore degrading the patients' motivation to stop smoking. Alternative methods, such as acupuncture and hypnosis were mostly ineffective in smoking cessation, but in some cases, served as motivational strategies. CONCLUSION: Negative experiences with smoking cessation were explained by the patients' lack of motivation or resolution. Other negative experiences, such as the structure of seminars for smoking cessation and the high price of pharmaceuticals should be addressed through policy changes to increase the patients' motivation to quit smoking.

The chess player / by George Walker; to which are added the three games played at one and the same time by Philidor; sixty openings, mates and situations, by W. S. Kenny, with remarks, anecdotes, &c. &c., and an explanation of the round chess board.

Mode of access: Internet.

Discorso dellʹeminentissimo e reverendissimo signor Cardinale Carlos di Reisach alle Pontificie accademie romane di S. Luca e di archeologia insieme adunate il dì XVII di Marzo MDCCCLIX.

Mode of access: Internet.

Bekleidung: los trajes de la arquitectura

Un siglo después de su fallecimiento, la prolífica producción teórica de Gottfried Semper (1803-1879) está siendo objeto de sucesivas relecturas. Esta investigación se centra en el principio: "Das Prinzip der Bekleidung in der Baukunst" (el principio de la vestimenta en la arquitectura), que describió en su obra más relevante: El estilo (1860-1863). Este principio establece la autonomía de la envolvente en la arquitectura frente al soporte que la sustenta, y también su protagonismo ensencial en la creación arquitectónica. Mediante una analogía textil, Semper identifica las superficies interiores y exteriores generadas por la arquitectura con los tejidos, en un plano simbólico y técnico. La influencia de "El principio de la vestimenta" de Gottfried Semper en la arquitectura de filiación germánica es fundamental. Desde Adolf Loos, que será el verdadero destilador de la teoría de Semper poniéndola a disposición de la arquitectura moderna con sus escritos y planteamientos arquitectónicos, hasta Mies van der Rohe, quien depura estos plantemaientos constructivamente según una nueva gramática arquitectónica centrada en la definición de la envolvente y el espacio. La investigación termina con un breve epílogo dedicado a explicar la repercusión de esta tradición simbólica y constructiva en la arquitectura contemporánea de Herzog & de Meuron. Todos ellos profundizarán con su obra en el placer senstivo que produce la envolvente arquitectónica concebida como un traje, con un haz exterior significante y un envés interior táctil, en contacto con el cuerpo. Defenderán un uso lúdico y cálido del espacio. En definitiva, podrán ser considerados los continuadores de esa tradición semperiana en torno al Baukunst (el arte de la construcción) que concilia técnica y arte, que prima la envolvente sobre el soporte y que, en definitiva, logra un perfecto equilibrio entre lo apolíneo y lo dionisíaco.

Bernhard Weiss [Illustration] : geb. 16. Juli 1803, gest. 4. März 1879

Scan von Monochrom-Mikroform