A clínica que se vive: reflexões sobre a prática da Psicologia clínica na contemporaneidade

The increasing search for the psychological attendance, express in the waiting list in the clinics, clinic-school and in the private clinics, beyond the increase of the choice of psychology as professional career among the pre-college students, allows us to reflect about the place that is occupied by the Psychology, nowadays. The main focus of this study is the clinical Psychology, an area of psychology. The interest in to deepen the reflection regarding of the place that the psychologist and his acting had been assumed in our society, emerged from our own actuation as clinical psychologist. Reflections concerning the suffering of man of our time, accompanying our inquietude while researcher and made us question about the actuation of clinical psychology, nowadays. This research aimed to understand how the clinical psychologists perceive their practice, attempting to get appointments regarding of what is to be clinical psychologist in contemporaneity, more specifically, in the face of the psychic suffering. Based on a phenomenological perspective of research were accomplished semi-structured interviews and a discussion group with clinical psychologists. From the obtained results, we arrived to the following conclusions: a) the most of participants considered the academic formation of the psychologist insufficient and far from social reality; b) the speeches revealed that there is still a relation between the practice of clinical psychologist and the medical model of attendance. Nevertheless, was observed a change in the new psychologists conception of clinic, but is still in development; c) in the most of speeches, we founded consensus about the idea of that the social context which the contemporaneous world lives, had generated new demands of suffering; d) the clinical listening is considered the specificity of the clinical psychologist. We believe that this study had been contributed to fomenting the discussion about the academic formation of clinical psychologist and, the concepts and models of clinic that now base the actuation of the professionals that are inserted on the work market

Reflexões sobre a política de descentralização em saúde: uma análise a partir do Hospital Monsenhor Walfredo Gurgel em Natal (RN)

The process of decentralization of health policy in Brazil has evolved throughout the second half of the twentieth century, advancing by leaps and bounds in the last two decades. The various public institutions have assumed the function of responding to a growing demand for medical care and hospital. Monsenhor Hospital Walfredo Gurgel - H.M.W.G. fits into this context as an institution par excellence-oriented service the demand for medium and high complexity. This paper presents some questions about the process of decentralization and devolution occurred in Brazil. To do so is a brief historical background and politics, showing the concepts of reform and counter-reform and how the processes mentioned in the Country Correlates develop local social development of the decentralization process and discusses the modifications in policies social intervention in recent decades and the state health policies. Presents the implementation of a Health System in Brazil and the state showing how the decentralization of health policy occurs in Rio Grande do Norte. Finally, it explores the role of H.M.W.G. in health policy in RN. For this, portrays the institution and is located within the decentralized structure of health policy in the state and capital. An analysis of the demand for hospital care and the budget situation is realized at the close of work, correlating the role of HMWG with the decentralization of health policy in Brazil and Rio Grande do Norte. The methodology used for the preparation of this work was based on documentary research, systematic nonparticipant observation, field diary and analysis of data, documents and content. This set shows a quantitative and qualitative methodology that strips the institution, enabling the understanding of their role, boundaries, threats and opportunities

Comunicação em saúde: algumas reflexões a partir da percepção de pacientes acamados em uma enfermaria

Investigam-se imagens e significados sobre experiências vivenciadas por pacientes no processo de atendimento/tratamento em uma enfermaria, visando problematizar questões éticas no cotidiano das práticas de saúde, que possam contribuir para refletir, no espaço da formação profissional, sobre situações que, muitas vezes, se naturalizam pela urgência da rotina. O trabalho consistiu em entregar câmaras fotográficas a cinco pacientes acamados, internados em uma Enfermaria de Ortopedia de um hospital universitário, no segundo semestre do ano de 2001, para que registrassem, pela fotografia, experiências que vivenciavam na condição de pacientes, procurando responder às perguntas: o que significa estar na cama sem poder sair dela? O que é bom e o que é ruim em sua rotina na Enfermaria? Buscando compreender o material pela ótica dos pacientes, apresenta-se aqui parte da experiência registrada e relatada. Os resultados obtidos apontam que entre as maiores dificuldades enfrentadas pelos pacientes entrevistados estão a dependência, gerando constrangimento e desconforto, e a falta de informação, gerando insegurança e ampliando a dependência.

Corpo, beleza e cultura: reflexões a partida produção científica da educação física

Falar em corpo e beleza parece algo bastante familiar à Educação Física. Para tanto, consideraremos a relação entre os significados do corpo e da beleza identificados nas produções analisadas e os modelos de beleza na Educação Física. Essa pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, tendo a Análise de Conteúdo para tratamento dos dados. O corpus de análise foi composto por 8 dissertações da área de Educação Física, publicadas no Banco de Teses da Capes no período de 2004 a 2008, selecionados a partir da temática corpo e beleza. Diante do exposto, foi possível observar que a compreensão do corpo e da beleza na área, vem sendo ressignificada ao admitir outras concepções estéticas de belo, o que representa o avanço ocorrido na área no trato do conhecimento do corpo e da beleza

Educação física e televisão: reflexões sobre sensibilidade, tecnologia e conhecimento

Este estudo parte do princípio de que o conhecimento da Educação Física é, eminentemente, vivencial e reconhece que a tecnologia da informação, especifi camente a comunicação de massa, é capaz de transmitir informação para um grande público, modifi cando a vivência das práticas corporais tematizadas pela Educação Física. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa objetiva analisar como o aparato tecnológico, em especial a televisão, interfere na apropriação do conhecimento na Educação Física, com base na refl exão sobre o esporte. Assim, utilizamos o olhar estético sobre o telespetáculo esportivo e a análise de conteúdo para trabalhar com discursos de profi ssionais. Além disso, apontamos para a revisão de alguns conceitos pertinentes à área, tais como corpo, sensibilidade e conhecimento

Entre corpos reais e virtuais: reflexões da dança contemporânea para pensar o corpo na educação física

Esta pesquisa objetiva identifi car as novas confi gurações de corpo advindas da interconexão entre Dança e Tecnologia, bem como compreender de que maneiras essas confi - gurações se aproximam e contribuem para a compreensão de corpo na Educação Física. O recurso metodológico é a análise de imagens dos vídeos de dança: Digital Brazuca e Corpo Aberto. Os vídeos analisados apontam para um repertório de saberes, que podem ser problematizados na área, e contribuem para reconfi gurar a relação homem/ambiente. Nesse sentido, promovem a plasticidade e a polissemia de relações entre o carbono e o silício, e desenham outras formas de compressão do corpo que incluem a complexidade, a incerteza, a reversibilidade e a descoberta

Treinamento da ginástica rítmica: reflexões estéticas

O texto tem como objetivo refletir sobre os componentes estéticos presentes no treinamento da ginástica rítmica (GR). Tendo a hermenêutica como método, apresenta reflexões a partir de descrições de cenas do vídeo do programa História do esporte, exibido em junho de 2003 pela ESPN Brasil, cujo teor se remete ao dia-a-dia da equipe brasileira de GR em treinamento para os Jogos Pan-americanos de Santo Domingo. Tendo como suporte tais reflexões, discute implicações pedagógicas do ponto de vista estético para o treinamento da GR no âmbito escolar, advindas do modelo de treinamento de alta performance e possíveis interfaces entre esses dois contextos, considerando a necessidade da crítica e do respeito às especificidades de ambos

Reflexões sobre a anticoncepção na adolescência no Brasil

Faz-se uma reflexão sobre a contracepção e suas conseqüências na adolescência, baseada em trabalhos nacionais e internacionais alertam para a precocidade do início da atividade sexual, a qual expõe os adolescentes aos riscos da gravidez e das doenças sexualmente transmissíveis e AIDS. Verifica-se que a maioria dos adolescentes recebe informações sobre contracepção, sendo a pílula e o preservativo os mais conhecidos e utilizados. Porém, registram-se elevada inadequação na utilização dos métodos contraceptivos, além da falta de serviços assistências, onde possam buscar orientações e atendimento. Tal realidade alerta para a necessidade de maior envolvimento de profissionais da saúde, da educação, família e comunidade, garantindo qualidade de vida aos adolescentes.

Ablation of NK1 receptor bearing neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract blunts cardiovascular reflexes in awake rats

The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) receives primary afferents involved in cardiovascular regulation. We investigated the role of NK1-receptor bearing neurons in the NTS on cardiovascular reflexes in awake rats fitted with chronic venous and arterial cannulae. These neurons were lesioned selectively with saporin conjugated with substance P (SP-SAP, 2 mu M, bilateral injections of 20 nL in the subpostremal NTS, or 200 nL in both the subpostremal and the commissural NTS). Before, and 7 and 14 days after injection of SP-SAP, we measured changes in blood pressure and heart rate induced by i.v. injection of phenylephrine and nitroprusside (baroreceptor reflex), cyanide (arterial chemoreceptor reflex), and phenylbiguanide (Bezold-Jarisch reflex). The smaller injections with SP-SAP completely abolished NK1 receptor staining in the subpostremal NTS. The larger injections abolished NK1 receptor immunoreactivity in an area that extended from the commissural NTS to the rostral end of the subpostremal NTS. The lesions seemed to affect only a limited number of neurons, since neutral red stained sections did not show any obvious reduction in cell number. The smaller lesions reduced the gain of baroreflex bradycardia and the hypotension induced by phenylbiguanide. The larger lesions completely abolished the response to phenylbiguanide, blocked the baroreflex bradycardia induced by phenylephrine, severely blunted the baroreflex tachycardia, and blocked the bradycardia and reduced the hypertension induced by cyanide. Thus, these responses depend critically on NK1-receptor bearing neurons in the NTS. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Angiotensin II-derived reactive oxygen species underpinning the processing of the cardiovascular reflexes in the medulla oblongata

The brainstem is a major site in the central nervous system involved in the processing of the cardiovascular reflexes such as the baroreflex and the peripheral chemoreflex. The nucleus tractus solitarius and the rostral ventrolateral medulla are 2 important brainstem nuclei, and they play pivotal roles in autonomic cardiovascular regulation. Angiotensin II is one of the neurotransmitters involved in the processing of the cardiovascular reflexes within the brainstem. It is well-known that one of the mechanisms by which angiotensin II exerts its effect is via the activation of pathways that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the central nervous system, ROS are reported to be involved in several pathological diseases such as hypertension, heart failure and sleep apnea. However, little is known about the role of ROS in the processing of the cardiovascular reflexes within the brainstem. The present review mainly discussed some recent findings documenting a role for ROS in the processing of the baroreflex and the peripheral chemoreflex in the brainstem.

Spermiogenesis and spermatozoa ultrastructure in Salminus and Brycon, two primitive genera in Characidae (Teleostei : Ostariophysi : Characiformes)

In Salminus, spermiogenesis is cystic and gives origin to a type I aquasperm. Spermatid differentiation is characterized by chromatin condensed into thick fibres, nuclear rotation, nuclear fossa formation, cytoplasmic channel formation, mitochondrial fusion producing long and ramified mitochondria, and the presence of several membranous concentric rings around the plasma membrane that encircles the cytoplasmic channel. In Salminus and Brycon, spermatozoa are very similar. They exhibit a spherical nucleus and chromatin condensed into fibre clusters, and a deep nuclear fossa. They show a long midpiece with few elongate mitochondria at the initial region and a cytoplasmic channel completely encircled by one or two membranous concentric rings. The flagellar axis is perpendicular to the nucleus and exhibits the classic axoneme (9 + 2). The very strong similarity observed between Salminus and Brycon spermatozoa supports the hypothesis that these subfamilies are likely to have a monophyletic origin.

Classical and molecular cytogenetic characterization of Agonostomus monticola, a primitive species of Mugilidae (Mugiliformes)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Caminho da fé: reflexões sobre lazer e ambiência

This study, of qualitative nature, it aimed to investigate attitudes capable to foment pro-environmental behaviour, during one walked. The "Caminho da Fe" was chosen, with 425 km-itinerary trail between Tamba and Aparecida/SP, which attracts tourists, physical activities performers and religious persons. After a literature review on the thematic one, was made an exploratory research, with a random sample, of seven adults, of both sexes, using a mixed questionnaire and "Thompson e Barton's Scale of Ecocentrism and Anthropocentrism", applied in the stop places, or three times: at the beginning, in the middle of the way and at the end of the itinerary. The qualitative analysis was made by the use of "Thematic Content Analysis", with results also presented in a percentile way, to illustrate. As conclusion, it is inferred that, even the stimulation has ceased with the ending of the hike, the intensity, amount and quality of the experience had stimulated reflection processes, associated to variations on physical and social environmental conditions, the predispose to the dialogue and the symbolic identification, at which, had collaborated so that the participants had been able to perceive possibilities of conduction and transitions of values and new senses for their lives.

Contexto esportivo e as restrições comportamentais: reflexões a luz da psicologia bioecológica

To deal with restrictions takes in them to a boarding that has been studied as perspective theoretician to understand as the practitioners acquire standards of coordination in the chosen sports (ARAUJO, 2005). It is basic for the training that if has a knowledge concerning the restrictions more significant than they act on the human performance of the athletes, because this will make possible one adequate recital in the work proposal of the team staff. The question of the theory application, in the world of the sport, is a tool has very desired and pursued, however, nor always if they apply the theoretical knowledge in experimental research that promotes enough and important alterations, that can favor the real additions to Sport Sciences. This study it is an attempt to collaborate in this intention, in way to locate and to modify beginning usual routines between experts and of the sports, in special to the considered situation sports, as the Volleyball (IVOILOV, 2001). This objective is not fixed only in the relative questions to the teach-learning processes, nor so little to the sportive training, but it advances, also, for the instructions given for the coaches to commanded its, at moments any of the sportive trajectory of these; it innovates when searching to exemplify, directly, in a modality of international domain but with few systematic analyses on the human performances in question.

Regulation of Social Hierarchy Over Time in Colonies of the Primitive Eusocial Wasp Mischocyttarus (Monocyttarus) cassununga. Von Ihering, 1903 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)