Chrysoperla Steinmann, 1964 (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae): descrição de uma nova espécie do Brasil

Chrysoperla genanigra sp. nov., is described from Pau Branco, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. A key to the Brazilian species of Chrysoperla is added.

ZNRD1 (zinc ribbon domain-containing 1) is a host cellular factor that influences HIV-1 replication and disease progression.

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) takes advantage of multiple host proteins to support its own replication. The gene ZNRD1 (zinc ribbon domain-containing 1) has been identified as encoding a potential host factor that influenced disease progression in HIV-positive individuals in a genomewide association study and also significantly affected HIV replication in a large-scale in vitro short interfering RNA (siRNA) screen. Genes and polymorphisms identified by large-scale analysis need to be followed up by means of functional assays and resequencing efforts to more precisely map causal genes. METHODS: Genotyping and ZNRD1 gene resequencing for 208 HIV-positive subjects (119 who experienced long-term nonprogression [LTNP] and 89 who experienced normal disease progression) was done by either TaqMan genotyping assays or direct sequencing. Genetic association analysis was performed with the SNPassoc package and Haploview software. siRNA and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) specifically targeting ZNRD1 were used to transiently or stably down-regulate ZNRD1 expression in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells. Cells were infected with X4 and R5 HIV strains, and efficiency of infection was assessed by reporter gene assay or p24 assay. RESULTS: Genetic association analysis found a strong statistically significant correlation with the LTNP phenotype (single-nucleotide polymorphism rs1048412; [Formula: see text]), independently of HLA-A10 influence. siRNA-based functional analysis showed that ZNRD1 down-regulation by siRNA or shRNA impaired HIV-1 replication at the transcription level in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells. CONCLUSION: Genetic association analysis unequivocally identified ZNRD1 as an independent marker of LTNP to AIDS. Moreover, in vitro experiments pointed to viral transcription as the inhibited step. Thus, our data strongly suggest that ZNRD1 is a host cellular factor that influences HIV-1 replication and disease progression in HIV-positive individuals.

A new spermophagous species of Heilipus Germar from the Amazonian Region (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Molytinae)

Heilipus odoratus sp. nov. (type locality: Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus) is described based on adults reared from seeds of Aniba rosaeodora Ducke (Lauraceae), popularly called "pau-rosa". The species is spermophagous and develops from egg to adult inside the seeds. The new taxon is compared with the similar Heilipus draco (Fabricius, 1801). Illustrations of larva, pupa, adult and of important structures for species identification are given, including the male and female genitalia, figured for the first time for a species of Heilipus.

Uma nova espécie de Cladomorphus Gray, 1835 (Phasmatidae, Cladomorphinae) de Minas Gerais, Brasil

Cladomorphus trimariensis sp. nov. é descrita de Três Marias, Minas Gerais. A nova espécie difere de C. phyllinus Gray, 1835 principalmente pelo opérculo e placa micropilar do ovo, ausência de espinhos nas pernas médias e posteriores e pelas projeções distais nos tergos IV e V, que são menos desenvolvidas.

Comportamento de estridulação em Heilipus odoratus Vanin & Gaiger (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Molytinae)

A espécie Heilipus odoratus Vanin & Gaiger, 2005 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Molytinae) é considerada o principal inseto-praga de frutos de Pau-rosa (Aniba rosaeodora, Ducke, Lauraceae). Recentemente descrita, pouco se conhece sobre seus aspectos biológicos, tendo este trabalho como objetivo contribuir para o estudo comportamental da espécie, como também fornecer técnicas de sexagem de indivíduos adultos, a partir da estridulação. Para tanto, dividiu-se os indivíduos em dois grupos, os que estridulavam e os que não estridulavam, e estes foram dissecados e a ocorrência de estridulação associada ao sexo de cada indivíduo. Do total de indivíduos observados, a maioria dos machos (92,2%, N = 115) emitiu som por estridulação, sendo dotados de órgãos estridulatórios na face interna posterior de seus élitros e no penúltimo tergito, enquanto que a totalidade das fêmeas (N = 92) não expressou tal comportamento e são desprovidas de tais aparatos. Este resultado é o primeiro registro da ocorrência de atividade estridulatória em H. odoratus.

The impact of women's educational and economic resources on fertility. Spanish birth cohorts 1901-1950

In this chapter we portray the effects of female education and professional achievementon fertility decline in Spain over the period 1920-1980 (birth cohorts of 1900-1950).A longitudinal econometric approach is used to test the hypothesis that the effectsof women s education in the revaluing of their time had a very significant influence onfertility decline. Although in the historical context presented here improvements inschooling were on a modest scale, they were continuous (with the interruption of theCivil War) and had a significant impact in shaping a model of low fertility in Spain. Wealso stress the relevance of this result in a context such as the Spanish for which liberalvalues were absent, fertility control practices were forbidden, and labour forceparticipation of women was politically and socially constrained.

Ètica i ciència: les farmacèutiques

Treball de recerca realitzat per alumnes d’ensenyament secundari i guardonat amb un Premi CIRIT per fomentar l'esperit científic del Jovent l’any 2010. Els objectius estudiats han estat diversos. D’una banda, analitzar de la presa de decisions des d'una perspectiva ètica. D’altra banda, obtenir informació sobre uns processos i una realitat del món productiu que afecta la manera com s'acaba plantejant la lluita contra la malaltia i la promoció de la salut en els àmbits públic i privat. I finalment, esbrinar quin és el paper de l'ànim de lucre en la presa de decisions de la indústria farmacèutica.

Portal web d'avaluació escolar

Aquest projecte tracta d'establir un canal més de comunicació entre docents i professors per tal de facilitar el seguiment i la progressió dels alumnes en l'àmbit acadèmic. Per aconseguir-ho es proposa dissenyar un portal web on pares i professors puguin consultar les avaluacions i demanar reunions de seguiment.

La litologia de les comarques gironines

Descripció dels trets més rellevants de la constitució litològica de les unitats de relleu del Pirineu, de la depressió Central i del Sistema Mediterrani

Anàlisi geomètrica del Diaclasat de les Guilleries en el sector de la Vall del Ter entre els embassaments del Pasteral i Susqueda (Girona)

The Guilleries are a small and mountainous area located in the north-westem part of the Catalonian Coastal Ranges where metamorphic and igneous Paleozoic rocks are exposed. After the main hercynian folding this area was affected by a brittle deformation that is mainly manifested by the intrusion of a very large number of dykes of granodiorite and the development of a complex joint system. Trends of dykes indicate that their intrusion was related to a SE-NW extension, whose estimated value is 40% on an average. This extension seems to stand, although without any associated igneous event, with the development of NE-SW directed joints which make the main set. Five families more were developed later, onegently-dipping and fou upright; the latter trending roughly SE-NW, ENE-WSW, ESE-WNW and N-S. AU the joint sets appear in the metasedimentary Paleozoic rocks and in the hercynian intrusive bodies. Concerning the ages, joints that belong to the NE-SW and SE-NW directed sets and also those slightly dipping have been attributed to the late-hercynian times and all the other are considered to be later

Característiques geomorfològiques de la Pedralta (Baix Empordà, Girona)

Descripció de les característiques geomorfològiques de La Pedralta, entre els municipis de Santa Cristina d'Aro i de Sant Feliu de Guíxols

A propòsit de les suposades pintures i gravats prehistòrics de la cova d'en Dayna (Romanyà de la Selva, Baix Empordà)

Descripció dels gravats i pintures prehistòriques del Dolmen de la Cova d'en Dayna, a Romanyà de la Selva (Baix Empordà)

Un aflorament volcànic inèdit al massís del Montgrí: el volcà de l’Aixart de la Conca

Es descriu un aflorament volcànic inèdit localitzat al massís del Montgrí. Es troba a l'Aixart de la Conca, just al límit meridional de l'antigabase Loran de l'Estartit, dins el terme municipal de Torroella de Montgrí. Es tracta d'una xemeneia volcànica enclavada en les calcàries del cretaci inferior. Les bretxes i basalts que la constitueixen tenen un grau d'alteració molt elevat. Aquests materials han estat fortament erosionats i han donat lloc a una depressió tancada, d'aspecte semblant a una dolina, que fa uns 220 m de diàmetre màxim i té una profunditat d'uns 7 m

Els clots de Sant Julià (Forallac, Baix Empordà): anàlisi geoarqueològic

Descripció de les roques dels Clots de Sant Julià (Forallac, Baix Empordà) i anàlisi arqueològica de les pedreres dels Clots

Las formas graníticas de los macizos de les Gavarres i de Begur (Girona)

In the present paper the granite landforms of the Les Gavarres and Begur massifs (Girona) are described. Also the relationship between this landforms and the lithology are analysed