Férmions em referenciais acelerados: desintegração de prótons e outras aplicações

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Radiação emitida por uma carga elétrica orbitando um buraco negro de Schwarzschild segundo Teoria Quântica de Campos

Desenvolvemos a quantização do campo vetorial não massivo no espaço-tempo de Schwarzschild, e calculamos a potência irradiada por uma carga elétrica em órbita circular em torno de um objeto com massa M em ambos os espaços-tempos. Em Minkowski é encontrada a expressão analítica da potência irradiada utilizando teoria quântica de campos e assumindo gravitação newtoniana. O resultado obtido é equivalente ao resultado clássico, dado que o cálculo é realizado em nível de árvore. Dadas as dificuldades matemáticas encontradas ao se tentar obter soluções expressas em termos de funções especiais conhecidas, em Schwarzschild o problema é abordado de duas formas: solução analítica no limite de baixas freqüências, e resolução numérica. O primeiro caso serviu como cheque de consistência para o método numérico. Em Schwarzschild, o cálculo também é realizado utilizando teoria quântica de campos em nível de árvore, e a expressão da potência é encontrada analiticamente na aproximação de baixas freqüências e através de métodos numérico. Após a comparação dos resultados, concluímos que, para uma mesma velocidade angular de rotação da carga (medida por observadores estatísticos assintóticos), a potência irradiada em Minkowski é maior que a potência irradiada em Schwarzschild.

Estudo comparativo das análises cefalométricas manual e computadorizada

OBJETIVO: realizar uma análise comparativa dos traçados manual e computadorizado utilizando um software específico, com a finalidade de definir os resultados inter e intra-avaliadores. MÉTODOS: foi utilizada uma amostra composta por 50 radiografias cefalométricas em norma lateral, sendo todas padronizadas, contendo pacientes de ambos os gêneros e de várias faixas etárias. A análise das radiografias foi realizada por dois avaliadores, os quais realizaram os traçados manuais e computadorizados das 50 radiografias. Para compor as medições, foram selecionadas medidas angulares e lineares, que posteriormente foram submetidas ao teste estatístico de Mann-Whitney, com o objetivo de comparar os resultados entre os dois tipos de traçados inter e intra-avaliadores. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: conclui-se que pode ser aumentada a confiança nos traçados cefalométricos computadorizados, haja vista que as discrepâncias encontradas entre as medidas dos traçados cefalométricos manual e computadorizado inter e intra-avaliadores, em sua maioria, não foram estatisticamente significativas.

Influência da configuração e do bisel em esmalte bovino, nos preparos cavitários de classe v, para restaurações de resina composta compactável: estudo in vitro da infiltração marginal

Pós-graduação em Odontologia Restauradora - ICT

Quantização canônica do campo de Proca no espaço-tempo de Rindler e interação de uma fonte uniformemente acelerada com o banho térmico de Unruh

Fazemos a quantização canônica do campo vetorial massivo, primeiro com relação a observadores inerciais e depois com relação a observadores acelerados. Investigamos como uma fonte uniformemente acelerada em Minkowski interage com o campo vetorial massivo no vácuo inercial, através do cálculo da taxa de resposta total. Esta taxa de resposta é calculada em dois referenciais diferentes, um inercial e outro co-acelerado com a fonte. De acordo com o efeito Unruh, no referencial acelerado, o vácuo inercial corresponde a um banho térmico de partículas. Levando em conta este efeito, mostramos, explicitamente, que estas taxas de resposta são idênticas. Este resultado pode ser usado para descrever a interação de elétrons estáticos com partículas Z⁰ presentes na radiação Hawking, desde que os elétrons estejam muito próximos do horizonte de eventos de um buraco negro.

Scalar source in circular motion interacting with massive klein-gordon field in Minkowski spacetime

We analyze the scalar radiation emitted by a source in uniform circular motion in Minkowski spacetime interacting with a massive Klein-Gordon field. We assume the source rotating around a central object due to a Newtonian force. By considering the canonical quantization of this field, we use perturbation theory to compute the radiation emitted at the tree level. Regarding the initial state of the field as being the Minkowski vacuum, we compute the emission amplitude for the rotating source, assuming it as being minimally coupled to the massive Klein-Gordon field. We then compute the power emitted by the swirling source as a function of its angular velocity, as measured by asymptotic static observers.

Proposição de escala clínica para avaliação da dor em equinos

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Five Percent 5-Fluorouracil in a Cream or for Superficial Peels in the Treatment of Advanced Photoaging of the Forearms: A Randomized Comparative Study

BACKGROUND The antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is used for topical treatment of actinic keratosis. Overall improvement in the skin is also observed. Additionally, 5-FU was reported to be used for superficial peels.OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 5% 5-FU cream compared with peels for photodamaged forearms.METHODS This interventional, randomized, comparative, evaluator-blind study included 32 patients with severe photoaging of forearms. The regimens comprised either application of 5% 5-FU cream everyday for 4 weeks on 1 forearm and 4 weekly peels on the other. Efficacy assessment included: clinical photodamage scores, opinion of patients and investigators, and blind photographic evaluation by independent observers. Skin biopsies were performed for histologic and immunohistochemical analysis. Safety evaluation comprised observation of adverse events.RESULTS Clinical and histologic findings confirmed the benefits of topical 5% 5-FU, in cream or peels, which improved skin appearance and decreased the dermal elastotic material. Immunohistochemistry showed reduced levels of epidermal p53 and increase in the level of procollagen I. Results were maintained after 6 months. Predictable adverse events occurred, with no differences between treatments. Patients reported better tolerability to peels.CONCLUSION Five percent 5-FU cream or peels was safe and effective for the treatment of photodamaged forearms. Decreased epidermal p53 levels and new dermal collagen were confirmed.

Regional 3D superimposition to assess temporomandibular joint condylar morphology

Objectives: To investigate the reliability of regional three-dimensional registration and superimposition methods for assessment of temporomandibular joint condylar morphology across subjects and longitudinally.Methods: The sample consisted of cone beam CT scans of 36 patients. The across-subject comparisons included 12 controls, mean age 41.3 +/- 12.0 years, and 12 patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis, mean age 41.3 +/- 14.7 years. The individual longitudinal assessments included 12 patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis, mean age 37.8 +/- 16.7 years, followed up at pre-operative jaw surgery, immediately after and one-year post-operative. Surface models of all condyles were constructed from the cone beam CT scans. Two previously calibrated observers independently performed all registration methods. A landmark-based approach was used for the registration of across-subject condylar models, and temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis vs control group differences were computed with shape analysis. A voxel-based approach was used for registration of longitudinal scans calculated x, y, z degrees of freedom for translation and rotation. Two-way random intraclass correlation coefficients tested the interobserver reliability.Results: Statistically significant differences between the control group and the osteoarthritis group were consistently located on the lateral and medial poles for both observers. The interobserver differences were <= 0.2 mm. For individual longitudinal comparisons, the mean interobserver differences were <= 0.6 mm in translation errors and 1.2 degrees in rotation errors, with excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.75).Conclusions: Condylar registration for across-subjects and longitudinal assessments is reliable and can be used to quantify subtle bony differences in the three-dimensional condylar morphology.

Desenvolvimento, validação e confiabilidade de uma escala de dor aguda pós-operatória em bovinos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Validation of the UNESP-Botucatu unidimensional composite pain scale for assessing postoperative pain in cattle

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Validação do instrumento de avaliação do jogador de futebol em situação de jogo

In the literature, it is possible to find a large number of studies directed toward athletic training in the physical, technical and tactical aspects of the Soccer game. In the other side, we are able to attest that there exists few instruments in the sport area of studies on evaluation of the athlete, in specific, rare are the instruments for assessment that takes into consideration the game situation. The most important aspect of an instrument of assessment is its validity. The present study has the objective to validate the “Instrument for Assessment of the Soccer Player” (IASP), proposed by Gama (2003). For the process of validation, participated nine university students, volunteers, four women and five men. The evaluators had a training period for acquaintance with the instrument and they analyzed, in individual basis, soccer games registered in video. This procedure was done via a 29 inches TV set, a DVD device and a voice recorder. Tests of reliability and objectivity were applied in order to measure intra and between observers consistency. As for the objectivity analysis, the results for each one of the soccer motor action with the ball in a game situation showed high correlation between possible score and obtained score. However these data did not allow for the validation of the IASP instrument as the criterion applied to the analyzed actions were different between observers even when of the observation of the same player in the same game. This problem was detected also in the evaluation of reliability. However, the present study was capable to point out inconsistencies within the Instrument for Assesment of the Soccer Player (IASP) so that after the needed changes being made, another validation will be done

Validação de métodos nociceptivos elétrico, mecânico e térmico para avaliação de dor de equinos tratados com metadona associada à detomidinaou acepromazina

Pós-graduação em Anestesiologia - FMB

Effect of digitization parameters on periapical radiographic image quality with regard to anatomic landmarks

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of digitization parameters on periapical radiographic image quality, with regard to anatomic landmarks. Digitized images (n = 160) were obtained using a flatbed scanner with resolutions of 300, 600 and 2400 dpi. The radiographs of 2400 dpi were decreased to 300 and 600 dpi before storage. Digitizations were performed with and without black masking using 8-bit and 16-bit grayscale and saved in TIFF format. Four anatomic landmarks were classified by two observers (very good, good, moderate, regular, poor), in two random sessions. Intraobserver and interobserver agreements were evaluated by Kappa statistics. Inter and intraobserver agreements ranged according to the anatomic landmarks and resolution used. The results obtained demonstrated that the cement enamel junction was the anatomic landmark that presented the poorest concordance. The use of black masking provided better results in the digitized image. The use of a mask to cover radiographs during digitization is necessary. Therefore, the concordance ranged from regular to moderate for the intraobserver evaluation and concordance ranged from regular to poor for interobserver evaluation.

Reproducibility of microhandeness measurements in different surfices

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)