Regional change in the Algarve: A Geographic Information System approach

Thesis submitted to the Instituto Superior de Estatística e Gestão de Informação da Universidade Nova de Lisboa in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Information Management – Geographic Information Systems

Development of regional spatial data infrastructure (SDI) case study in hearth of Borneo

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.

Analysis of the pathway of developing a national mental health plan for Suriname

ABSTRACT: The aim of this analysis was to analyze and describe the steps that have been taken in the development of the mental health policy in Suriname after the WHO AIMS. The objectives are: 1.To review the steps to be taken in developing a mental health policy and plan for a country 2.To gather information and data concerning mental health policy and plan development in Suriname 3.To draw conclusion from the experience gained that can be applied to other countries. In general, the information that was gathered from the four countries Guyana, Barbados, Trinidad & Tobago and Suriname, was compared with the WHO steps for developing a mental health policy and plan. Were these steps taken into consideration, when developing their mental health policy and plan? If not, what were the reasons why it did not happen? The checklist for evaluating a mental health plan was used in Suriname. This checklist assisted to see if the results of the recommendations given by the WHO AIMS to develop a effective and balanced mental health plan were taken into consideration. The mayor findings of the analysis are that Suriname as well as Guyana used the steps in developing their mental health policy and plan. Barbados and Trinidad & Tobago did not develop a mental health policy and plan. Suriname and Guyana have a mental health coordinating body at the Ministry of Health. Trinidad & Tobago as well as Barbados have a mental health focal person at the Ministry of Health of the respective countries. It can be concluded that successfully improving of health systems and services for mental health is combining theoretical concepts, expert knowledge and cooperation of many stakeholders. The appointment of a mental health coordinating unit at the Ministry of Health is crucial for the development of mental health in a country. Furthermore, mental health is everyone’s business and responsibility. Implementing the steps to be taken when developing a mental health policy and plan as recommended by WHO may be a slow process requiring the mobilization of political will. That’s why it is crucial that persons responsible for this process work close with all stakeholders in relevant sectors, taking their needs into consideration and try to translate that in clear objectives. It is common knowledge that improving the quality of mental health must be accompanied by the availability of financial and human resources. Finally, a mental health policy and plan should be one document tackling all aspects of mental health of a community.

National Registry on Cardiac Electrophysiology (2012)

Based on a survey sent to Portuguese centers that perform diagnostic and interventional electrophysiology and/or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantations, the authors analyze the number and type of procedures performed during 2012 and compare these data with previous years. In 2012, a total of 2561 diagnostic electrophysiologic studies were performed, which were followed by ablation in 2017 cases, representing a steady situation compared with the previous year. There was a 12% increase in the number of ablation procedures for atrial fibrillation, making it for the first time the most frequent indication for ablation, overtaking atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. The total number of first ICD implantations was 1048 (around 100 per million population), of which 375 were cardiac resynchronization devices (BiV ICDs). This represents a slight decrease (3.3%) in the total number of new implants, with an increase of 10% in the number of BiV ICDs compared to the previous year. However, there was a considerable increase in the number of ICD generator replacements, resulting in an overall increase of 3.5% in implantations performed in 2012. Some comments are made regarding developments in this activity and its current status, and on some factors that may influence the dynamics of this area of interventional cardiology.

Participatory mapping in the design process of a spatial data infrastructure SDI: a case study in the Biosphere Reserve Rio Platano (Honduras)

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.

Public Participation geographic information systems in developing countries: lessons from Uganda on the impacts of interactive screens PPGIS and community perceptions of space

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.

Qualidade no Serviço Nacional de Saúde : evolução recente e perspectivas futuras

RESUMO - A qualidade é um pilar fundamental de qualquer sector de actividade. No sector da saúde, a qualidade deixou de ser um factor opcional e tornou-se uma prioridade, uma exigência e um requisito de enorme importância na gestão das organizações de saúde, representando a sua responsabilidade, ética e respeito pelos cidadãos que a elas recorrem. O crescente interesse pelas questões da qualidade segue, ao longo das últimas décadas, uma tendência mundial nos sistemas de saúde, sendo um dos temas mais presentes no debate político e nas estratégias de saúde um pouco por todo o mundo. Porém, as abordagens à qualidade são díspares, reflectindo a sua dinâmica e o pouco consenso nesta área, o que justifica a necessidade de reflectir sobre o tema e de estudar as estratégias actualmente implementadas. Objectivos Este trabalho pretendeu apresentar uma perspectiva integrada e completa da qualidade em saúde em Portugal, contribuindo para o seu entendimento global e reflexão. Teve como finalidade estudar a sua evolução, nomeadamente a nível das políticas, das práticas e dos seus resultados, e conhecer a situação actual da qualidade nas organizações públicas de saúde nacionais, podendo assim contribuir para novas medidas nesta área. Metodologia Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas a oito peritos portugueses na área da qualidade em saúde, seleccionados diante critérios de diversidade profissional, formação de base, tipo de instituição e localização geográfica onde exercem a sua actividade. Para as entrevistas foi elaborado um guião com perguntas sobre vários temas relacionados com a área da qualidade em saúde. As entrevistas foram gravadas e a informação foi transcrita e organizada em categorias através de uma análise de conteúdo. Para o segundo objectivo do estudo, foi construído e proposto um questionário, como projecto para investigações futuras. Resultados e Conclusões Os resultados mostraram que a qualidade é um tema muito valorizado e presente nos quadros da administração de saúde portuguesa. A sua evolução sofreu diversas mudanças, com fases de grande progresso e outras de grande indefinição. No entanto, ficou evidente que a grande divergência de opiniões justifica a necessidade de uma maior discussão e consenso a nível nacional e internacional nesta área. O futuro da qualidade em saúde em Portugal irá depender da capacidade do Departamento da Qualidade na Saúde e das organizações gerirem esta complexa área.

Transplante renal : desigualdades no acesso

RESUMO - Em Portugal estima-se que existam cerca de 14 mil insuficientes renais crónicos e estima-se que em 2025 sejam 24 mil. As alternativas de tratamento são: hemodiálise, diálise peritoneal ou o transplante renal. Das alternativas de tratamento, o transplante renal é considerado a melhor alternativa terapêutica proporcionando melhor qualidade de vida, aumentando a sobrevida dos doentes, caracterizando-se por ser menos oneroso e por apresentar melhor custo- efectivo, quando comparado com hemodiálise ou diálise peritoneal. Portugal situa-se entre os primeiros da Europa, relativo ao número de transplantes renais efectuados (56,1 por milhão de habitante), em 2010 efectuaram-se 573 transplantes renais. Apesar disso, muitos são os doentes que continuam em lista de espera a aguardar transplante, em média os doentes esperam cerca de dois a três anos por um transplante renal, quando o tempo ideal seria três a seis meses. Por outro lado, estudos internacionais demonstram que existem desigualdades no acesso ao transplante renal, assim à semelhança de outros países torna-se pertinente estudar a realidade portuguesa em relação à temática da desigualdade no acesso, dado o objectivo primordial do Serviço Nacional de Saúde de garantir a equidade nos cuidados de saúde. Este trabalho tem como objectivo principal avaliar se factores como o sexo, idade a localização geográfica influenciam o acesso ao transplante renal, contribuindo para desigualdades no acesso. Este trabalho baseou-se na base de dados dos doentes inscritos em lista de espera para transplante renal, respeitante à área de abrangência do Centro de Histocompatibilidade do Sul. Caracterizou-se a população quanto ao sexo, idade, concelho, região de saúde e unidade de transplantação. Determinou-se ainda, os tempos médios de espera para inscrição em lista activa e para transplante por sexo, idade, região de saúde e unidade de transplantação.Dos resultados obtidos salienta-se que as desigualdades encontradas no acesso ao transplante renal verificam-se entre o início do tratamento até à inscrição em lista activa para transplante. Depois dos doentes em lista activa, o tempo de espera médio não é influenciado significativamente pelo sexo, idade ou localização geográfica.

A Review of National Guidelines for Management of COPD in Europe

The quality of care can be improved by the development and implementation of evidence-based treatment guidelines. Different national guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exist in Europe and relevant differences may exist among them.This was an evaluation of COPD treatment guidelines published in Europe and Russia in the past 7 years. Each guideline was reviewed in detail and information about the most important aspects of patient diagnosis, risk stratification and pharmacotherapy was extracted following a standardised process. Guidelines were available from the Czech Republic, England and Wales, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain and Sweden. The treatment goals, criteria for COPD diagnosis, consideration of comorbidities in treatment selection and support for use of long-acting bronchodilators, were similar across treatment guidelines. There were differences in measures used for stratification of disease severity, consideration of patient phenotypes, criteria for the use of inhaled corticosteroids and recommendations for other medications (e.g. theophylline and mucolytics) in addition to bronchodilators.There is generally good agreement on treatment goals, criteria for diagnosis of COPD and use of long-acting bronchodilators as the cornerstone of treatment among guidelines for COPD management in Europe and Russia. However, there are differences in the definitions of patient subgroups and other recommended treatments.

The national physics and chemistry exams and the learning of sciences

Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Ciências da Educação, pela Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa

Gastrointestinal symbionts of chimpanzees in Cantanhez National Park, Guinea-Bissau with respect to habitat fragmentation

One of the major factors threatening chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Guinea-Bissau is habitat fragmentation. Such fragmentation may cause changes in symbiont dynamics resulting in increased susceptibility to infection, changes in host specificity and virulence. We monitored gastrointestinal symbiotic fauna of three chimpanzee subpopulations living within Cantanhez National Park (CNP) in Guinea Bissau in the areas with different levels of anthropogenic fragmentation. Using standard coproscopical methods (merthiolate-iodine formalin concentration and Sheather's flotation) we examined 102 fecal samples and identified at least 13 different symbiotic genera (Troglodytella abrassarti, Troglocorys cava, Blastocystis spp., Entamoeba spp., Iodamoeba butschlii, Giardia intestinalis, Chilomastix mesnili, Bertiella sp., Probstmayria gombensis, unidentified strongylids, Strongyloides stercoralis, Strongyloides fuelleborni, and Trichuris sp.). The symbiotic fauna of the CNP chimpanzees is comparable to that reported for other wild chimpanzee populations, although CNP chimpanzees have a higher prevalence of Trichuris sp. Symbiont richness was higher in chimpanzee subpopulations living in fragmented forests compared to the community inhabiting continuous forest area. We reported significantly higher prevalence of G. intestinalis in chimpanzees from fragmented areas, which could be attributed to increased contact with humans and livestock.

The Evolution of Population Distribution on the Iberian Peninsula: A Transnational Approach (1877–2001)

Surpassing the national perspective usually adopted, the authors confirmed the existence of a pattern of population distribution common to the whole Iberian Peninsula in the long run. This pattern is clearly associated with geographical factors. These variables seem to have more weight in explaining changes between 1877/78 and 1940 than in the period from 1940 to 2001. The observation of the cross-border region has shown that proximity to the frontier has not generated any distinct pattern of population density on either side of the boundary line. The spatial coherence of the observed phenomena throughout the Peninsula and of its evolution, independent of the border between states, reinforces the importance of geographic factors in their explanation. At the same time, this verification opens up new issues related to the effect of national political and economic policies.

The impact of national and international observers in democratic elections: A randomized control trial from the Mozambican elections of 2009

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Non–profit and investment attractiveness – best practices under a national perspective

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics