El adulterio en la colonia tardía (1780-1800): prácticas y relaciones de género en la plebe quiteña

El tema de investigación se centra en el ámbito urbano de la ciudad de Quito, durante la colonia tardía, concretamente en las dos últimas décadas del siglo XVIII, que estuvieron caracterizadas por cambios políticos y económicos, especialmente derivados de la implementación de las Reformas Borbónicas. Este trabajo analiza la normatividad y regulaciones que fueron impuestas por el Estado Colonial para realizar el control de la moral pública y cómo los dispositivos de control incidieron en las relaciones de género de la plebe quiteña que se debatía en una dinámica de contradicciones y tensiones. Para abordar este tema recurrimos a las fuentes históricas que dan cuenta de la estructura de vigilancia y control creada por las autoridades coloniales, donde se destaca la figura del Alcalde de Barrio y la emisión de los Autos de Buen Gobierno en la implementación de las políticas de disciplinamiento. Utilizamos varios procesos judiciales sobre contravenciones y sexualidades transgresoras, específicamente los relativos al adulterio, concubinato y amancebamiento, que fueron también formas de convivencia en las que se estructuró la vida familiar colonial. Dentro del análisis será de relevancia los períodos que corresponde a las Presidencias de la Real Audiencia, en donde las cifras de enjuiciamientos aumentan considerablemente. La casuística utilizada permite exponer las situaciones bajo las cuales se producen esas relaciones ilícitas al interior de los barrios quiteños; el accionar de las autoridades, el desempeño de los testigos como involucrados en los expedientes, los métodos punitivos y las estrategias utilizadas por los transgresores cuando apelan para gestionar su libertad. Acompaña a esta investigación cuatro anexos que contienen la sistematización de la información documental utilizada: las funciones de los alcaldes de barrio; disposiciones y sanciones que se establecieron para imponer un orden social en la ciudad y los procesos judiciales analizados, incluyendo la información correspondiente a las sentencias.

Water quality and ecology of the River Lee: mass balance and a review of temporal and spatial data

A regional overview of the water quality and ecology of the River Lee catchment is presented. Specifically, data describing the chemical, microbiological and macrobiological water quality and fisheries communities have been analysed, based on a division into river, sewage treatment works, fish-farm, lake and industrial samples. Nutrient enrichment and the highest concentrations of metals and micro-organics were found in the urbanised, lower reaches of the Lee and in the Lee Navigation. Average annual concentrations of metals were generally within environmental quality standards although, oil many occasions, concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead, mercury and zinc were in excess of the standards. Various organic substances (used as herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, chlorination by-products and industrial solvents) were widely detected in the Lee system. Concentrations of ten micro-organic substances were observed in excess of their environmental quality standards, though not in terms of annual averages. Sewage treatment works were the principal point source input of nutrients. metals and micro-organic determinands to the catchment. Diffuse nitrogen sources contributed approximately 60% and 27% of the in-stream load in the upper and lower Lee respectively, whereas approximately 60% and 20% of the in-stream phosphorus load was derived from diffuse sources in the upper and lower Lee. For metals, the most significant source was the urban runoff from North London. In reaches less affected by effluent discharges, diffuse runoff from urban and agricultural areas dominated trends. Flig-h microbiological content, observed in the River Lee particularly in urbanised reaches, was far in excess of the EC Bathing Water Directive standards. Water quality issues and degraded habitat in the lower reaches of the Lee have led to impoverished aquatic fauna but, within the mid-catchment reaches and upper agricultural tributaries, less nutrient enrichment and channel alteration has permitted more diverse aquatic fauna.

Carbon suboxide: the infrared spectrum from 1800 to 2600 cm-1

The infrared spectrum of carbon suboxide has been recorded from 1800 to 2600 cm−1 at a resolution of 0.003 cm−1. About 7% of the ca. 40 000 lines observed have been assigned and analyzed, belonging to 36 different bands. Most of these are associated with the fundamental ν3, at 2289.80 cm−1, and the combination band ν2 + ν4, at 2386.61 cm−1, each of which give rise to a system of sum bands, difference bands, and hot bands involving the low-wave-number fundamental ν7 at 18 cm−1. A few other tentative assignments are made. The bands have been analyzed for vibrational and rotational constants.