Effects of coagulation factors and inflammatory cytokines on development of acute myocardial infarction in patients younger than 60 years

Purpose: To investigate the effects of coagulation factors and inflammatory cytokines on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) development in patients younger than 60 years. Methods: In this study, 60 patients admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University (Dalian, China) with AMI and 30 other subjects matched with the patients for age and ethnicity but without AMI were enrolled. Blood samples were collected from the AMI patients and the control subjects after a 12-h fast. Subsequently, the levels of coagulation factors (F) II (FII), VII (FVII), VIII (FVIII), fibrinogen (Fg) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) in plasma were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expression levels of these coagulation factors were determined by Western blot analysis. Inflammatory factors including C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin- 6 (IL-6) were also measured by ELISA. Results: FII, FVII, FVIII, Fg and vWF levels in plasm were significantly higher in AMI patients compared with control subjects (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the protein expression levels of FII, FVII, FVIII, Fg and vWF were also significantly up-regulated in AMI patients compared with those in control subjects. Additionally, no significant difference was observed in CRP between AMI patients and control subjects (p > 0.05). However, TNF-α and IL-6 levels in the plasma of AMI patients were significantly higher than those in control subjects (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results reveal that the pathogenesis of AMI in patients younger than 60 years might be closely related to the high levels of coagulation factors and inflammatory cytokines in the blood.

Fish oil and multivitamin supplementation reduces oxidative stress but not inflammation in healthy older adults: a randomised controlled trial

The effects of daily fish oil supplementation, with and without multivitamins, on biochemical markers of health were examined. Healthy adults (N = 160) were randomised to receive 3 g of salmon oil with a multivitamin, 6 g of salmon oil with a multivitamin, 6 g of salmon oil in isolation or placebo in a double-blind fashion on a daily basis for 16 weeks. Relative to placebo, both 6 g salmon oil groups displayed significantly lower F2-isoprostane levels at endpoint. Increases in red blood cell polyunsaturated fatty acids correlated with reductions in F2-isoprostanes. Treatment had no effect on inflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, cholesterol or triacylglycerol.