Efeitos in vitro da Mentha piperita (Lamiaceae) em Dawestrema spp. (Monogenoidea) e toxicidade aguda em Arapaima gigas (Arapaimidae).

Este estudo avaliou o efeito in vitro do óleo essencial de Mentha piperita L. sobre monogenoideas e sua ação tóxica para Arapaima gigas.

Pequizeiro: extrativismo na Chapada do Araripe.

2016

Antimicrobial activity of essential oil from some Verbenaceae and Asteraceae from Brazilian Cerrado.

2016

Thermal tool for evaluation of essential oils of Eucalyptus spp susceptible and resistant to Glycaspis brimblecombei attack.

Eucalyptus spp genus is economically important to different industry fields. There are pests that damage the development of eucalypts and Glycaspis brimblecombei, a sap-sucking insect, is one of them. Studies about this insect attack to the eucalypts showed preferences. This work aim was to compare the preferences of the insect with thermoanalytical characteristics of different eucalypts (susceptible, less susceptible and resistant to Glycaspis brimblecombei) essential oils. The leaves of six species of Eucalyptus were crushed and the essential oil was extracted using Clevenger apparatus. The Shimadzu DTG-60H was used to analyze the samples. The results showed that the samples from more susceptible eucalypts had total mass loss at about 124ºC to 156ºC, lower than samples from more resistant eucalypts (from 168ºC to 175ºC). Furthermore, the study suggests that the susceptibility or the resistance of eucalypts to the pest may be related to their essential oil composition and concentration of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes.

Sinérgico alternativo para o manejo da resistência da lagarta-do-cartucho do milho a piretróides.

A importância da utilização de sinergistas está relacionada à minimização da quantidade de inseticida químico necessária para o controle de insetos, podendo contribuir com a diminuição da contaminação ambiental e com a preservação de insetos benéficos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a sinergia e a homogeneidade de resposta de lagartas de Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) a subdose do óleo essencial de Piper aduncum L. (OPA) em combinações com formulações de piretróides comparadas ao butóxido de piperonila (PBO). Foram obtidos fatores de sinergismo (FS) para comparação dos tratamentos entre si. Por contato residual, evidenciou-se significativa potencialização dos inseticidas formulados com lambda-Cialotrina (FS= 87,7), Deltametrina (FS= 1,7 -35,9) e beta-Ciflutrina (FS= 45,0 -58,0). Já por contato tópico, ocorreu significativa potencialização dos inseticidas lambda-Cialotrina (FS= 5,7 ? 5,8), Deltametrina (FS= 6,0) e beta-Ciflutrina (FS= 5,3) quando em combinação com o óleo essencial. Com exceção de lambda-Cialotrina ½ e ¼ PA contato tópico e de beta-Ciflutrina ½ e ¼ OPA contato residual, as demais combinações sinérgicas apresentaram homogeneidade de resposta tanto por contato tópico como residual para pelo menos uma das combinações sinérgicas com o OPA. As combinações do OPA com os piretróides avaliados podem indicar ser este óleo essencial uma opção ao PBO.

Efeito de óleos essenciais na germinação e sanidade de sementes de soja.

2008

Otimização da síntese de nanopartículas para encapsulamento de princípios ativos aplicados em revestimento pós-colheita.

Polissacarídeos, como quitosana, são muito empregados para a obtenção de nanopartículas (NP), mas, a concentração e o tipo de ácido para solubilizar a quitosana pode influenciar na qualidade. Isto também influenciará na eficiência de encapsulação de princípios ativos, e.g., óleo essencial e polifenóis. Assim, para otimizar os parâmetros de síntese de NP, foram feitas análises de condutividade, tamanho de partículas e morfologia em diferentes concentrações de ácido acético e clorídrico (1,0%; 0,5% e 0,1%). Com as análises de condutividade, observou-se que há excesso de ácido na concentração de 1% e isto demanda mais adição de tripolifosfato de sódio (TPP). NP, com tamanho desejável em torno de 200 nm, podem ser obtida empregando menos ácido (0,1%) e também menor quantidade de TPP.

Antifungal activity of 7-hydroxycalamenene-rich essential oil nanoemulsion.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory activity of 7-hydroxycalamenene-rich essential oil nanoemulsion against filamentous fungi and yeasts.

Extração e fracionamento simultâneo do óleo da castanha-do-Brasil com etanol

O objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar o etanol comercial para extração e fracionamento simultâneos das frações lipídicas presentes na castanha-do-Brasil (Bertholletia excelsea H.B.K.). O óleo foi obtido a partir da castanha desidratada e moída. O processo foi conduzido na proporção 4:1 solvente/substrato (v.p-1) em banho termostatizado a 65 °C, sob agitação de 30 rpm. A mistura foi filtrada, resfriada a 10 °C e, a seguir, centrifugada para separação das fases: uma fase com consistência de gel (micela rica), contendo 75% de óleo e 25% de etanol, e a outra líquida, contendo 2,4% de óleo e 97,6% de etanol (micela pobre). Pelas características apresentadas, a micela rica tem potencial para ser utilizada no preparo de cremes vegetais como substituto parcial de gorduras hidrogenadas, cujos efeitos biológicos na saúde dos consumidores vêm provocando muitas polêmicas. Além de ser uma alternativa na obtenção de gorduras para a formulação de alimentos mais seguros, a tecnologia proposta poderá ser estendida a diferentes oleaginosas de interesse comercial, eliminando o uso de n-hexano no processamento de óleos e gorduras vegetais.

Avaliação do potencial antioxidante e extração subcrítica do óleo de linhaça

As sementes de linhaça são ricas em ácidos graxos essenciais, fibras e compostos fenólicos, que exercem atividade antioxidante. O presente trabalho propôs a obtenção do óleo de linhaça a partir de diferentes métodos de extração (solvente orgânico e com CO2 subcrítico), a observação da presença de compostos com potencial antioxidante nas sementes, utilizando a Cromatografia em Camada Delgada (CCD) e ainda, a avaliação da efetividade através da co-oxidação de substratos do sistema β-caroteno/ácido linoléico. Para a CCD, foram utilizados os reveladores β-caroteno/ácido linoléico e cloreto férrico/ferricianeto de potássio. Para a atividade antioxidante foram feitas medidas espectrofotométricas de soluções contendo o sistema oxidante β-caroteno/ácido linoléico, com leituras a cada 15 minutos/2 horas. Em todos os extratos evidenciou-se a presença de compostos fenólicos antioxidantes, contudo, o extrato aquoso apresentou melhor atividade antioxidante nos volumes de 100 e 200 µL. O processo que apresentou maior rendimento foi a extração com Solvente Orgânico (SO), com o éter etílico como solvente (25,89%).

Extração de boro de água produzida sintética por sistema microemulsionado

Boron is a semi-metal present in certain types of soils and natural waters. It is essential to the healthy development of plants and non-toxic to humans, depending on its concentration. It is used in various industries and it s present in water production coming from oil production. More specifically in Rio Grande do Norte, one of the largest oil producers on shore of Brazil, the relationship water/oil in some fields becomes more than 90%. The most common destination of this produced water is disposal in open sea after processing to meet the legal specification. In this context, this research proposes to study the extraction of boron in water produced by microemulsion systems for industrial utilization. It was taken into account the efficiency of extraction of boron related to surfactant (DDA and OCS, both characterized by FT-IR), cosurfactant (butanol and isoamyl alcohol), organic phase (kerosene and heptanes) and aqueous phase (solution of boron 3.6 ppm in alkaline pH). The ratio cosurfactant/ surfactant used was four and the percentage of organic phases for all points of study was set at 5%. It was chosen points with the highest percentage of aqueous phase. Each system was designed for three points of different compositions in relation to the constituents of a pseudoternary diagram. These points were chosen according to studies of phase behavior in pseudoternary diagrams made in previous studies. For this research, points were chosen in the Winsor II region. The excess aqueous solution obtained in these systems was separated and analyzed by ICP OES. For the data set obtained, the better efficiency in the extraction of boron was obtained using the system with DAC, isoamyl alcohol and heptanes, which extracted 49% in a single step. OCS was not viable to the extraction of boron by microemulsion system in the conditions defined in this study

Extração e pirólise do óleo de girassol (Helianthus annus l.) visando a produção de biocombustíveis

Nowadays, the growing environmental worry leads research the focus the application of alternative materials from renewable resources on the industrial process. The most common vegetable oil extractant using around the world is the hexane, a petroleum derived, toxic and flammable. Based on this fact, the goal of this work was to test vegetable oil extractions from sunflower seeds cultivated on the Rio Grande do Norte State using two extraction process, the mechanical expelling and solvent extraction, this one using hexane and ethanol as a alternative solvent. The solvent extractions were carried out in the Soxhlet extractor in three different extraction times (4, 6, and 8 hours). The effect of solvent and extraction time was evaluated. The mechanical extraction was carried out in a expeller and the sunflower oil obtained was characterized by its physical-chemical properties and compared with sunflower refinery oil. Furthermore this work also explored the pyrolysis reaction carried out by thermogravimetry measurement as alternative route to obtain biofuel. For this purpose the oil samples were heated to ambient temperature until 900°C in heating rate of 5, 10, 20ºC min-1 with the objective evaluated the kinetics parameters such activation energy and isoconversion. The TG/DTG curves show the thermal profile decomposition of triglycerides. The curves also showed that antioxidant presents on the refinery oil not influence on the thermal stability of sunflower oil. The total yield of the extraction s process with hexane and ethanol solvent were compared, and the results indicated that the extraction with ethanol were more efficient. The pyrolysis reaction results indicated that the use of unpurified oil required less energy to obtain the bio-oil

Extração e caracterização qualitativa do óleo da polpa e amendoas de frutos de macaúba [Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq) Lodd. ex Mart] coletada na região de Botucatu - SP

The international energy situation indicates to the depletion of oil reserves in the short term. Brazil, considering its potential, has sought through public policy, encourage the study of alternative forms of energy. Many of these forms are based on sub-products and agricultural products, especially the ethanol industry for fuel purposes. Another alternative of vegetable origin, most recently discussed, would be the production of fuel oil called biodiesel. The study aimed to extract and measure the pulp oil production of macaúba palm [Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq) Lodd. ex Mart], collected in Botucatu (SP). In addition, the qualitative analysis of the pulp and almond oil are determined. The results showed low productivity in oils, compared to the reported for macauba natural populations of Minas Gerais. The qualitative analysis of the macauba pulp shows to be rich in long chain fatty acids, while the almond have significant amounts of lauric acid.

Extração de boro de água produzida sintética por sistema microemulsionado

Boron is a semi-metal present in certain types of soils and natural waters. It is essential to the healthy development of plants and non-toxic to humans, depending on its concentration. It is used in various industries and it s present in water production coming from oil production. More specifically in Rio Grande do Norte, one of the largest oil producers on shore of Brazil, the relationship water/oil in some fields becomes more than 90%. The most common destination of this produced water is disposal in open sea after processing to meet the legal specification. In this context, this research proposes to study the extraction of boron in water produced by microemulsion systems for industrial utilization. It was taken into account the efficiency of extraction of boron related to surfactant (DDA and OCS, both characterized by FT-IR), cosurfactant (butanol and isoamyl alcohol), organic phase (kerosene and heptanes) and aqueous phase (solution of boron 3.6 ppm in alkaline pH). The ratio cosurfactant/ surfactant used was four and the percentage of organic phases for all points of study was set at 5%. It was chosen points with the highest percentage of aqueous phase. Each system was designed for three points of different compositions in relation to the constituents of a pseudoternary diagram. These points were chosen according to studies of phase behavior in pseudoternary diagrams made in previous studies. For this research, points were chosen in the Winsor II region. The excess aqueous solution obtained in these systems was separated and analyzed by ICP OES. For the data set obtained, the better efficiency in the extraction of boron was obtained using the system with DAC, isoamyl alcohol and heptanes, which extracted 49% in a single step. OCS was not viable to the extraction of boron by microemulsion system in the conditions defined in this study

Contribuição para o estudo do tratamento de águas residuais provenientes da indústria de extração de petróleo

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia do Ambiente – Perfil Engenharia Sanitária