Perfil das gestantes adolescentes na assistência ao pré-natal na clínica materno infantil em Sarandi-PR

Este artigo tem como objetivo conhecer o perfil das gestantes adolescentes em consulta de enfermagem, ao primeiro atendimento da assistência ao Pré-natal na Clínica Materno Infantil em Sarandi – PR. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo no período de 23/09/2003 a 21/06/20004, avaliando o perfil das gestantes adolescentes através da investigação e análise de fichas perinatais dos prontuários de gestantes. Observamos a prevalência de evasão escolar entre as adolescentes que encontravam-se grávidas, além de iniciam o pré-natal mais cedo em relação as multíparas. Entretanto há uma preocupação em relação a idade gestacional de início do pré-natal pois podem haver fatores de risco associados e estes poderiam ser prevenidos, tornando-se evidente a importância do Programa de Agentes comunitários de Saúde de promover acessibilidade aos serviços de saúde e melhorar a qualidade da assistência no Planejamento Familiar e no Pré-natal para que os retornos destas mulheres sejam assegurados e efetivamente melhore os resultados perinatais.

A enfermagem e a responsabilidade social: coleta seletiva no ambiente hospitalar e seus benefícios

Esta revisão integrativa da literatura tem como objetivo conhecer as publicações de enfermagem referente à questão sobre a degradação ao meio ambiente que tem sido muito discutida em diversas áreas de atuação do ser humano. No âmbito hospitalar, a enfermagem é a maior geradora de resíduos, devido suas ações para assistência ao paciente. A coleta seletiva surge como uma iniciativa que visa à redução do impacto ambiental através da separação dos resíduos produzidos para futuro reaproveitamento dos mesmos. Quando essas ações são conscientizadas para o manuseio e destinação corretos destes resíduos através da coleta seletiva, podem contribuir preservando a natureza, já que apenas 1% do lixo hospitalar é considerado contaminado, e trazer benefícios aos participantes deste processo com a venda dos materiais recicláveis

Violência como objeto da assistência em um hospital de trauma : o "olhar" da enfermagem

Este estudo trata da violência sob o olhar das trabalhadoras de enfermagem no cuidado aos pacientes hospitalizados vítimas de violência, em um hospital de pronto socorro em trauma. O Hospital de Pronto Socorro de Porto Alegre / HPS – RS atende pacientes vítimas de trauma de toda a região metropolitana e do interior do Estado. As internações decorrentes da violência, nos últimos anos, representam um aumento significativo na demanda dos atendimentos e internações. O estudo tem como objetivo geral conhecer e compreender o modo de olhar e o fazer das trabalhadoras de enfermagem no cuidado ao paciente vítima de violência, hospitalizado nesse serviço. Para tanto, se propõe caracterizar, do ponto de vista sociodemográfico e epidemiológico, o paciente hospitalizado no HPS por violência. Apóia-se na tipologia dos estudos híbridos que articulam bases teóricas e metodológicas de múltiplas origens e quantificações associadas a dados qualitativos. As unidades de internação do HPS são o campo de estudo. Os sujeitos são os pacientes hospitalizados por traumas decorrentes de violência, no período de janeiro a junho de 2001, e as trabalhadoras de enfermagem desse hospital Entre os resultados encontraram-se 697 pacientes hospitalizados, nesse período, vítimas de violência; 90,5% do sexo masculino; 73% brancos e 27% negros ou descendentes dessa etnia; 59% da faixa etária dos 20 aos 39 anos; a faixa etária dos 11 aos 39 anos corresponde a um percentual de 78,9% das internações; 47,9% agredidos por arma de fogo, 26,5% por arma branca, 25% vitimas de agressão física 0,3% foram vítimas de estupro. Entre os diagnósticos mais freqüentes encontram-se trauma abdominal, trauma torácico, traumatismos múltiplos, traumatismo crânio encefálico. 59.5% (415) são procedentes de Porto Alegre, e os bairros mais freqüentes são Partenon, Lomba do Pinheiro e Cristal. Em relação ao “olhar” da enfermagem no cuidado a esse paciente ficou evidente a preocupação das trabalhadoras e a dificuldade desse enfrentamento, visto que, no hospital, não existem estratégias definidas em relação à violência, num âmbito mais amplo, além do tratamento da lesão causada pelo trauma. Cada trabalhadora lida com esse cuidado da forma que acredita ser a mais adequada e utiliza as estratégias que dispõe para suportar e enfrentar essa realidade. Além disso, os serviços públicos de saúde necessitam se auto-avaliar e propiciar a criação de espaços e co-responsabilizar-se nesse processo.

Diferenciação e integração em uma unidade hospitalar : em busca da qualificação da gestão e da assistência

Este trabalho apresenta como tema principal os conceitos de diferenciação e integração de unidades organizacionais em um ambiente hospitalar. O estudo foi realizado no Hospital Ministro Costa Cavalcanti, em Foz do Iguaçu, que nos últimos anos tem convivido com mudanças significativas, sobretudo relacionadas com o aumento da quantidade de atendimento, bem como da complexidade dos mesmos. Estas mudanças geraram uma série de problemas internos relacionados à estrutura e processos organizacionais, refletindo na qualidade da assistência. Buscou-se, então, identificar a estrutura organizacional e os principais processos, para sintetizar as principais interfaces existentes. Entendidas essas interfaces e agrupando os principais agentes em quatro grandes grupos – direção, corpo clínico, enfermagem e unidades de apoio – foi levantado e analisado o estado de diferenciação e integração, para posterior definição do estado de integração desejado. Finalmente, foram implementados alguns projetos direcionados para enfrentar problemas identificados ao longo do estudo.

Interação entre a equipe de enfermagem e a gestante com diagnóstico de pré-eclâmpsia

The objective of this exploratory descriptive study with a qualitative approach was to analyze the perception of the nursing team and the pregnant women hospitalized with pre-eclampsia regarding the interactive process occurring in the care relationship. Data were collected by semi-structured interview with twenty nursing professionals that work in the high-risk ward and ten pregnant women with the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. The discourses were analyzed using the content analysis method, in the modality of thematic identification. Three categories were identified that describe the perception of the interaction by the nursing professionals: recognizing the needs of the hospitalized pregnant woman, understanding the woman with pre-eclampsia, and presenting difficulties in the interactive process. With regards to the pregnant women, four categories emerged: recognizing the clinical care, feeling the lack of information, experiencing feelings during the hospitalization, and envisioning the interaction process. The meaning of the discourses was analyzed according to the principles of symbolic interactionism. The results indicate that both, the nursing professionals and the pregnant women, have a limited perception of their interaction, suggesting a need for further reflection about this reality in the health service units and in the nursing education environment

Atividades profissionais da enfermagem no contexto hospitalar: influências nas relações de trabalho

The present study is based on an analysis of professional work relationships in the nursing team from the task/skills of its members as a contribution to understanding the work process in nursing. It is aimed to identify the skills of the nursing team members through the vision of nurses, technicians and nursing assistants, thus it attempts to find strategies to improve the health assistance to patients. It is a descriptive and analytical study with a qualitative approach grounded in theoretical and methodological framework of Symbolic Interactionism. The research was carried out in the participant work place, a Public Hospital of Reference for the SUS, located in the eastern health district of Natal/RN. Nineteen nursing professionals participated in the study, which seven was nurse and twelve nursing technician. As procedure to collect data we used an unstructured interview accompanied by a standard topic guide which was recorded and later transcribed. The content analysis was chosen as the main methodology to analyze the discussion, which gave rise to thematic categories that were considered relevant based on the theoretical framework of this study, and the interactionist theory. This study was in accordance with the ethical principles of the Resolution nº. 196/96, it has obtained an appropriate consent of the UFRN Research Ethics Committee. The results indicate that the professionals seen the nursing as a profession strongly attached to the health care process and as a profession that acquired a scientific status very recently. Regarding to the nursing functions in the work process in nursing, the professionals they identified the manage/administer category as the main activities developed by these professionals, thus the education and complex care in nursing categories. Concerning to the technicians and nursing assistants functions, it was figured out in the professional s opinion that there is not distinction among the attribution of these categories. The interviewed were unanimous in report that these professionals are more involved in direct patient health care through performance of basic duties in nursing care. Finally, with regard to the work relationship among nursing team members, the majority of those interviewed see this relationship as disharmony and quarrelsome and in general, there is not bond between categories that comprise the process of work in nursing. On the basis of our results we consider the importance of knowing the meaning of nursing given by these professionals; also their skills could be useful as basis to identify problems, which source could be detected in the power relationship, deviations of functions, gap between design (knowledge) and performance (doing) work, besides the loss of the global activities view in the process of nursing work

Viabilidade do processo de enfermagem no contexto hospitalar

The Nursing Process (NP) is considered as the dynamics of the systemized and inter-related actions of human care. We believe that the nursing manager, as the representative of all the nursing care provided in the hospital setting, is an important agent for the implementation of institutional policies, such as the NP, in the service. However, there is little information in the literature about the NP in the perspective of the nurse manager. The objective of this study was to analyze the viability of the Nursing Process in the hospital context based on the attitudes of the nurse managers toward the Process. We conducted a descriptive-exploratory research study, of quantitative approach, with a population of 45 nurse managers that worked in the state hospitals located in Natal, RN and in the university hospitals of the UFRN. Two instruments were used for the collection of data: a nursing process questionnaire, constructed for use in this study, and the scale for the measurement of the attitudes titled Positions on the Nursing Process. The population is predominantly feminine (91,0%) and have relative nursing practice experience (Mean=17,6 years). However, they have little experience in management (Mean=8,6 years). They express little knowledge of the PE nursing terms and little experience with the Process. They have a positive atitude toward the NP (Mean = 110,9); are favorable to its developement in the service (86,7%); 48,9% indicated little possibility of institutionalization in the service and 37,8% indicated large possibility. The Spearman test for association between the variables of attitude about the NP and the possibility of its institutionalization demonstrated a weak negative association in the total individual scores of the attitudes (-,316) as in the 20 itens of the instrument, with coefficients varying from 0,014 to 0,464. Factorial analysis of the instrument identified three underlying factors to the attitudes of the managers in this study: relevance, operationalization and collaboration, with Cronbach Alpha coeficients of 0,955, 0,844 and 0,807, respectively, and 0,956 for the whole instrument, indicating that the scale and its factorial subscales have internal consistency. We conclude that there is a weak tendency for the managers with a favorable attitude to have a negative perception about the possibility of institutionalization of the NP in the service. The favorable position does not appear to be sufficient for the viability of this methodology in the hospital sector, results that is worrisome for nursing. This situation suggests that the difficulties with the institution of the NP in the hospitals may be related to other factors, including the organizational conditions. We believe that the institucionalization of the NP in a servisse where it is not known and not practiced, constitutes the introduction of an innovative work technology that involves many demands, among them the adherence of the persons to the proposed innovation. This demands time and the institutional adjustments and the human resources necessary. In this process, the involvement of the health professional of the institution is necessary. This situation brings to light the discussions of professional autonomy, the action limits and perspectives, the redefinition of roles, delimiation (or consensus) of the objects of study and of the work processes, among others.

Assistência de enfermagem e o risco para úlceras de pressão medido pela Escala de Braden em unidade de terapia intensiva

The problem facing the incidence of pressure ulcers (UP) in the hospital environment especially in the intensive care unit (ICU), although it is an old and frequent event in our professional practice, it is not notified in the researches as much as it should be. We observed a tendency to invest in therapeutical and in studies about the production of sophisticated new bandages. Few, however, are the investments in research on preventive measures in order to prevent or at least slow down the development of lesions. In this sense, the study aimed to analyze the correlation between nursing care and the risk of developing UP measured by the Braden scale in ICU patients. This is a descriptive study of longitudinal quantitative approach. The project obtained a favourable opinion from the Ethics Committee of HUOL (no 486/10). Data collection was carried out in the Hospital of Unimed in Natal during six months in 2011. The sample was of 32 patients hospitalized in ICU for over four days. The results were processed in SPSS 15.0 for descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. We identified that, only 9.4% of our sample developed UP, being predominantly male, elderly people aged above 60 years, Caucasian, with diagnostic hypothesis at the time of hospitalization of sepsis, were clinical patients, who presented hemodynamic instability, using orotracheal tube (TOT), enteral probe (SNE), vesical probe delay (SVD) and had values of albumin and hemoglobin levels below normal. In addition, these patients had a longer hospital stay, longer usage of TOT, SNE, SVD, increased use of sedation and drain than those who did not develop UP and were all at risk for developing these injuries second Braden scores. 66.7% of the lesions developed were located in the sacral region, limiting the degree I and all patients that developed were considered serious, 100.0% of them have evolved since the death. Small were the differences between the averages of Braden scores between patients with and without UP, 11,9+2,4 against 12,4+2,6 with p = 0.627. The clinical aspects of the patients in the study were instrumental in the development of UP, once, these findings were statistically significant through the Mann-Whitney test, and appropriateness of nursing conduct was decisive for the prevention of pressure ulcers in critical patients, since many were those classified as at risk (28) and few who have developed lesions (03)

Segredos da alma: a dádiva da assistência de Enfermagem

The present study is an analysis of interpersonal relationships between the nursing staff and the patients under their care. Its objectives are to analyze ties/links that may possibly exist in such relationships and to describe, based on the experience of the patients, how they are received by the nursing staff, and what is the extent of their reliability on the nursing staff within the hospital. This investigation is analytical in nature and qualitative in approach, having as its leading thought Marcel Mauss s gift-exchange theory. The study involved eighteen in-patients, eight of them from government institutions, at a large hospital school and ten others from a private specialty hospital; both in the city of Natal, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Data were collected between January and March 2006. Results point to ties being created between the nursing staff and patients irrespective of their social status, involving especially the development of friendship and reliability. We have noticed that in both services the interpersonal relationship is associated with the circulation of the symbolic goods mentioned in the patients discourse, such as attention, loving care and concern, among others, marking the formation of ties during hospital stay. Likewise, reliability is also present in close relationship with the technical competence of the professional. Patient hospitality is associated with the manner in which the patients were treated on being admitted to the hospital, although they also refer to hospitality at later moments, during the course of their treatment. Finally, we are in a position to say that there are ties/links between in-patients and nursing staff, irrespective of the patient s social status and class divide. It is thus evident that the antiutilitarian symbolism of gift to give, receive, give back -, which shapes the setting of social ties also takes place in today s utilitarian, individualistic and competitive societies. Thus, human beings whose existence is dependent on mutual relationships try to save their humanity, especially those who are fragile and dependent as is the case of the hospital in-patient

Registros de ordens e ocorrências: uma prática de letramento no trabalho da enfermagem hospitalar

Nursing documentation is a literacy practice which is regulated by law. Among the written practices of the literacy field, nursing registration is understood as the attendance resume of the main problems and occurrences on duty. In other words it is a document and a communication instrument used by hospital orderly on duty. It s main goal is to keep a record of the information which is necessary to the continuity of the activities as well as to the assistance to the patients. Taking into consideration the complexity of this kind of literacy practice, this study which took place in a hospital context, aims at studying the nursing registration process in order to explain its implementation in the nursing field. The discussion is situated in the area of applied linguistics, and it makes a linkage between linguistics approaches and language questions which are related to the area of discourse at work. The theoretical foundations come from contemporary literacy studies such as Hamilton (2000) who proposes the following categories: participants, domain, artifacts and activities. The analysis was guided by the principles of the ethnographic methodology which proposes that the researcher spends much time in the field and uses a set of techniques in order to collect data related to the subjects speech as well as their deeds concerning the research main object. The data were collected through field observations, analysis of 100 nursing records, 04 reflective sessions and interviews as well involving 36 nurses. On one hand, the analysis reveals the importance of the nursing records in terms of documentation and communication. On the other hand, it shows informational, compositional as well as normative difficulties in terms of linguistics and legal aspects. For, we conclude that these questions need to be addressed through the process of intervention especially in events of teacher in service activities so that the professional nurses may improve their practice in relation to the elaboration of the nursing documentation on duty

Avaliação em saúde coletiva nos cursos de enfermagem da Cascavel - PR

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

A compreensão de educação no trabalho para a equipe de enfermagem de uma instituição hospitalar privada no interior do Estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

Cuidado ao paciente idoso hospitalizado: implicações para a equipe de enfermagem

The Brazilian population is ageing rapidly, and chronic diseases have increased. Due to deficient health care services, the diagnosis and treatment of such diseases occur in the tertiary level, which increases costs and reduces the possibilities of early diagnoses. In view of the elderly population‟s increase and of the great demand at hospitalization units, it is important to learn about the difficulties and facilities faced by nursing teams when giving care to hospitalized individuals. In order to reach the objectives, a cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive, analytical and qualitative study was performed with basis on Bardin‟s Content Analysis. Among the difficulties were patients‟ limitations, dependence level, behaviors and habits, interference from companions, feeling of abandonment, perception of needs, dealing with suffering and lack of time for adequate care. As to facilities, acceptance of the disease, adherence to treatment, collaboration, trust in the team, and older patients‟ politeness were reported, which shows that passiveness is an important indicator in caring for the elderly. Older individuals suffer the outcomes of certain physical, psychological and mental deficits. When facing disease conditions, they require special care, including hospitalization and greater attention. The nursing team provides daily care and follows patients‟ development; however, its members are still not knowledgeable enough about the ageing process. This contributes to increase prejudice and erroneous stereotypes about older persons. Therefore, not understanding such process compromises the full care to be provided to older patients. This leads team members to accelerate the care provision process in order to meet the daily work demand, thus compromising older patients‟ autonomy and making them more dependent on the team, whereas the process should follow the opposite path

Sistematização da assistência de enfermagem

Este objeto inicia abordando a enfermagem e sua necessidade de utilizar os instrumentos profissionais de sua área ao cuidar do idoso, sistematizando a sua atenção, que conta com um certo número de sistemas de classificação de termos da linguagem profissional. Cita que o Conselho Internacional de Enfermeiros busca um sistema com uma linguagem unificada, compartilhada mundialmente e que a Classificação Internacional das Práticas de Enfermagem é a sua escolha. Segue explicando os componentes da CIPE como elementos da prática de enfermagem e em sua versão CIPE® 2.0 é apresentada uma estrutura de classificação formada por 7 eixos: Foco; Julgamento; Cliente; Ação; Meios; Localização e Tempo. Termina colocando as recomendações para cada eixo para criar as declarações de diagnósticos. Unidade 5 do módulo 8 que compõe o Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família.

Atenção integral à saúde do idoso: enfermagem

Com foco na área e exercício da enfermagem, este material tem como objetivo compreender a atenção à saúde do idoso de maneira mais abrangente, de modo a incluir os diferentes olhares do trabalho em equipe nas questões relativas à atenção integral à saúde do idoso, os aspectos biológicos e sociais envolvidos no processo de envelhecimento, assim como medidas de promoção da saúde, preventivas de doenças e agravos, curativas e reabilitadoras, fundamentadas pela integralidade do cuidado