Present and Future of Photovoltaic Solar Electricity

Ponencia Invitada presentada en el IEEE Region 8 Student Branch and GOLD Congress

Ion charge number and flux saturation effects in the corona of a laser-irradiated pellet

The quasisteady structure of the corona of a laser-irradiated pellet is completely determined for arbitrary Z, (ion charge number} and re/ra (ratio of critical and ablation radii), and for heat-flux saturation factor/above approximately 0.04. The ion-to-electron temperature ratio at rc grows sensibly with Z,; all other quantities depend weakly and nonmonotonically on Z,. For rc /ra close to unity, and all Z, of interest (Z, < 47}, the flow is subsonic at rc. For a given laser power W, flux saturation may decrease (low/) or increase (high/) the ablation pressure Pa relative to the value obtained when saturation is not considered; in some cases a decrease in/with W fixed increases Pa. For intermediate^ ~0.1), Pa cc (W/r* )2/3 p\n\pc = critical density), independently of rc/ra; for/~0.6, Pa «s larger by a factor of about [rc/raf13. For rjra > 1.2 roughly, the mass ablation rate is C{Z,) [{m/kZ.f^Kr^Pl) l,\ independent of pc and/, and barely dependent on Z,(m, is ion mass; k, Boltzmann's constant; K, conductivity coefficient; and C, a tabulated function).

Corona poética dedicada a Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra

Leída en el Paraninfo de la Universidad Literaria el día 23 de abril de 1872

Corona ilustre del grauissimo, y real Conuento del Carmen de Valencia enrriquecida de muchas piedras preciosas de hijos suyos ...

Contiene además otros escritos de Fr. Juan Pinto de Victoria, Fr. Ambrosi Roca de la Serna, Fr. Josep Andreu

Historia de la provincia de la corona de Aragon de la sagrada orden de los ermitaños ... : parte primera, contiene las fundaciones de los conventos de religiosos ... del Reyno de Valencia ...

Sign.: [calderón]4, 2[calderón]4, A-Z4, 2A-2Z4, 3A-2Z4

Historia de la provincia de la corona de Aragon de la... orden de los Ermitaños de... San Agustin... : parte primera, contiene las fundaciones de los conventos de religiosos ... del Reyno de Valencia

Sign.: *4, 2[estrella]4, A-Z4, 2A-2Z4, 3A-3Z4, 4A-4V4, 4X-4Y2

Historia de la provincia de la corona de Aragon de la... orden de los Ermitaños de... San Agustin... : parte II, III, y IV, contienen las fundaciones de los conventos de religiosos ...

Sign.: []2, 2[calderón]4, A-Z4, 2A-2Z4, 3A-3Q4, 3R2

Pragmatica que su Magestad ha mandado promulgar reduciendo los reditos de los censos de la Corona de Aragón del cinco al tres por ciento, conforme a la que se publicó para los Reynos de Castilla, y Leon en veinte y tres de febrero de mil setecientos y cinco ...

Pragmática dada en Buen-Retiro, a nueve de julio de 1750

Tratado de la Nobleza de la Corona de Aragon : especialmente del Reyno de Valencia, comparada con la de Castilla, para ilustracion de la Real Cedula del Señor Don Luis I de 14 de Agosto de 1724

Contiene: Apendice y coleccion de los documentos y notas pertencientes al Tratado de la nobleza de la Corona de Aragon ..

[Fragmento de pergamino otorgado por el rey de la Corona de Aragon a la villa de Alzira]

Fecha del documento incompleta : "barchin juli-[]"

Electricity production usíng different photovoltaic technologies working at the same conditíons , a real case

The manufacture of photovoltaic (PV) modules has greatly increased in the past few years. The classical PV module is based on crystalline silicon (e-Si) , nevertheless the so called thinfilm technology is gaining importance each year. In this research paper we present a experimental grid-connected solar plant situated in one of the buildings of the Technical University of Madrid, with two main objectives.

Analysis of the Iberian electricity forward market hedging efficiency

An assessment of the hedging performance in the Iberian Forward Electricity Market is performed. Aggregated data from the Portuguese and Spanish clearing houses for energy derivatives are considered. The hedging performance is measured through the ratio of the final open interest of a month derivatives contract divided by its accumulated cleared volume. The base load futures in the Iberian energy derivatives exchange show the lowest ratios due to good liquidity. The peak futures show bigger ratios as their reduced liquidity is produced by auctions fixed by Portuguese regulation. The base load swaps settled in the clearing house located in Spain show initially large values due to low registered volumes, as this clearing house is mainly used for short maturity (daily and weekly swaps). This hedging ratio can be a powerful oversight tool for energy regulators when accessing to all the derivatives transactions as envisaged by European regulation.

Declaracion de su alteza el serenissimo Infante Cardenal tocante a la guerra contra la Corona de Francia

El lugar de producción de Pedro Madrigal y su familia es Madrid

Modelling and forecasting fossil fuels, CO2 and electricity prices and their volatilities

In the current uncertain context that affects both the world economy and the energy sector, with the rapid increase in the prices of oil and gas and the very unstable political situation that affects some of the largest raw materials’ producers, there is a need for developing efficient and powerful quantitative tools that allow to model and forecast fossil fuel prices, CO2 emission allowances prices as well as electricity prices. This will improve decision making for all the agents involved in energy issues. Although there are papers focused on modelling fossil fuel prices, CO2 prices and electricity prices, the literature is scarce on attempts to consider all of them together. This paper focuses on both building a multivariate model for the aforementioned prices and comparing its results with those of univariate ones, in terms of prediction accuracy (univariate and multivariate models are compared for a large span of days, all in the first 4 months in 2011) as well as extracting common features in the volatilities of the prices of all these relevant magnitudes. The common features in volatility are extracted by means of a conditionally heteroskedastic dynamic factor model which allows to solve the curse of dimensionality problem that commonly arises when estimating multivariate GARCH models. Additionally, the common volatility factors obtained are useful for improving the forecasting intervals and have a nice economical interpretation. Besides, the results obtained and methodology proposed can be useful as a starting point for risk management or portfolio optimization under uncertainty in the current context of energy markets.