Determinação de período para solarização do solo na região de Campinas/SP.

Foram avaliadas as temperaturas do solo solarizado ou não, na profundidade de 10 cm, em intervalos de 10 minutos, durante o período de: julho/92 a junho/93. A temperatura máxima foi obtida às 16:00 hs, durante o período de coleta de dados, para os dois tratamentos. As diferenças médias de temperaturas, is 16:00 hs, entre o solo solarizado e não solarizado foram maiores que 8°C de setembro/92 a março/93. No mesmo período, as médias das Palavras-chave: Patógenos do solo, controle, plástico, temperatura. temperaturas máximas mensais obtidas no solo solarizado foram superiores a 41 °C. O número de horas acumuladas com temperaturas superiores a 45°C no solo solarizado foi de 6, 23 e 22 hs nos meses de novembro/92, dezembro/ 92 e janeiro/93, respectivamente. Os resultados indicam que a solarização deve ser realizada, preferencialmente, entre os meses de setembro a março.

O lixo de forma desorganizada, poluição ao meio ambiente

Este trabalho relata e analisa a trajetória do autor durante o Curso de Especialização em Atenção Básica em Saúde da Família. Durante a construção do portfólio, pude observar as necessidades reais do município de Bocaina de Minas, questões relacionadas com o meio ambiente e poluição. Assim, resolvi estudar as melhores formas de organizar o destino do lixo produzido pela população, trabalhar seus pontos fracos, e reorientar a forma de coleta e destino do lixo. Tentar mostrar a população do município como é mais fácil se organizar e adequar seus resíduos de forma racional. Tentar mostrar aos políticos locais a importância do movimento do destino do lixo e depósito adequado do mesmo, para assim diminuir a poluição ao meio ambiente.

Melhoria da atenção ao pré-natal e puerpério da UBS Bairro da Cruz, Lorena/SP

Acompanhar a gestante na Unidade Básica de Saúde durante o período gestacional promove segurança e maior qualidade na saúde da mãe e do bebê, além de criar vínculo com a equipe de profissionais e otimizar o retorno para a consulta puerperal. Esse trabalho refere-se ao desenvolvimento de uma intervenção que teve como objetivo melhorar a atenção ao pré-natal e puerpério na UBS Bairro da Cruz, Lorena/SP. A intervenção ocorreu durante quatro meses, no período 22 de agosto a 11 de dezembro de 2014, com a realização de ações nos quatro eixos temáticos: organização e gestão do serviço, qualificação da prática clínica, engajamento público e monitoramento e avaliação. Para monitorar as ações desenvolvidas durante a intervenção utilizou-se à ficha-espelho e a planilha de coleta de dados fornecida pelo curso. Nesse período foram cadastradas 119 gestantes ao programa, realizou-se busca ativa em 100% das gestantes faltosas, 67,2% das gestantes realizaram a primeira consulta odontológica, 100% realizaram exames de primeira consulta pré-natal e na 30ª semana gestacional e 21% das gestantes realizou o exame de puerpério. Com o trabalho realizado na intervenção foi possível melhorar a qualidade da atenção prestada as gestantes e puérperas na UBS, através do envolvimento da equipe, do registro adequado das informações, da busca ativa de faltosas, da realização do atendimento clínico humanizado e de atividades educativas, sendo estas ações incorporadas à rotina do serviço.

Melhoria da Atenção à Saúde dos Usuários com HAS e/ou DM na Pas do Itaguá, Ubatuba / SP

Resumo PEDRAYES, Turruellas Elaine. Melhoria da atenção à saúde dos usuários com HAS e/ou DM na PAS do Itaguá, Ubatuba/SP. 2015. 83f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família) - Departamento de Medicina Social, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 2015. O diabetes mellitus e a hipertensão arterial sistêmica são responsáveis pela primeira causa de mortalidade e de hospitalizações no Sistema Único de Saúde e representam, ainda, mais da metade do diagnóstico primário em pessoas com insuficiência renais crônicas submetidas à diálise. Frente a essa realidade, este trabalho teve como objetivo melhorar a atenção à saúde dos usuários com HAS e/ou DM no Posto de Atenção de Saúde, Itaguá no município de Ubatuba/SP. Realizamos busca ativa através dos atendimentos médicos e das vistas domiciliares pelos ACS, com aferição da pressão arterial em toda população maior de 20 anos da área de abrangência da unidade e exame de glicemia em toda população de risco para diabetes. A intervenção foi realizada em 12 semanas, de fevereiro a abril de 2015. Para a organização dos dados utilizou-se ficha espelho e planilha de coleta de dados fornecida pelo curso. Para o desenvolvimento das ações utilizou-se o protocolo do Ministério da Saúde, seguindo ações em quatro eixos pedagógicos: monitoramento e avaliação, organização e gestão do serviço, engajamento público e qualificação da prática clínica. Organizamos os serviços para garantir o cadastramento e realização do registro para os usuários com HAS e DM, além disso, incrementamos maior quantidade e qualidade dos atendimentos médicos para atingir nosso objetivo. A meta era cadastrar 80% dos HAS e DM residentes na área de abrangência da unidade. No desenvolvimento da intervenção no 1° mês foram cadastrados 83 (15,6%) usuários HAS, no segundo 2° mês 204 (38,4%) e no 3° mês foram 384 (72,3%) usuários cadastrados, em relação aos DM no 1° mês cadastramos 37 (28%) usuários DM, no 2° mês 76 (58%) e no 3° mês 103 (78,6%) usuários foram cadastrados. Todos os usuários HAS e DM tiveram exames clínicos em dia de acordo com o protocolo, atingindo 100% de cobertura durante os três meses de intervenção. Em relação aos exames complementares em dia ao final da intervenção 83,3% dos HAS e 85,4% dos DM estavam com estes exames em dia. Todos os usuários HAS e DM receberam avaliação da necessidade de atendimento odontológico, busca ativa de usuários faltosos e estratificação de risco cardiovascular em todos os meses de intervenção. A intervenção foi de muita importância, melhorando a organização, cobertura e qualidade dos serviços. Com a implementação do protocolo do Ministério da Saúde a população ficou mais sensibilizada com a necessidade da prevenção e controle da HAS e DM, além de valorizar mais o trabalho dos profissionais da unidade de saúde. A equipe está mais capacitada e os profissionais estão cientes de suas atribuições e comprometidos para manter os avanços alcançados com a intervenção. As ações viraram rotina dos serviços da UBS. Palavras-Chave: saúde da família; atenção primária à saúde; doença crônica; diabetes mellitus, hipertensão.

High-throughput Analysis By Sp-ldi-ms For Fast Identification Of Adulterations In Commercial Balsamic Vinegars.

Balsamic vinegar (BV) is a typical and valuable Italian product, worldwide appreciated thanks to its characteristic flavors and potential health benefits. Several studies have been conducted to assess physicochemical and microbial compositions of BV, as well as its beneficial properties. Due to highly-disseminated claims of antioxidant, antihypertensive and antiglycemic properties, BV is a known target for frauds and adulterations. For that matter, product authentication, certifying its origin (region or country) and thus the processing conditions, is becoming a growing concern. Striving for fraud reduction as well as quality and safety assurance, reliable analytical strategies to rapidly evaluate BV quality are very interesting, also from an economical point of view. This work employs silica plate laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SP-LDI-MS) for fast chemical profiling of commercial BV samples with protected geographical indication (PGI) and identification of its adulterated samples with low-priced vinegars, namely apple, alcohol and red/white wines.

Chromobacterium Amazonense Sp. Nov. Isolated From Water Samples From The Rio Negro, Amazon, Brazil.

The taxonomic position of a bacterium isolated from water samples from the Rio Negro, in Amazon, Brazil, was determined by using a polyphasic approach. The organism formed a distinct phyletic line in the Chromobacterium 16S rRNA gene tree and had chemotaxonomic and morphological properties consistent with its classification in this genus. It was found to be closely related to Chromobacterium vaccinii DSM 25150(T) (98.6 % 16S rRNA gene similarity) and shared 98.5 % 16S rRNA gene similarity with Chromobacterium piscinae LGM 3947(T). DNA-DNA relatedness studies showed that isolate CBMAI 310(T) belongs to distinct genomic species. The isolate was readily distinguished from the type strain of these species using a combination of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties. Thus, based on genotypic and phenotypic data, it is proposed that isolate CBMAI 310(T) (=DSM 26508(T)) be classified in the genus Chromobacterium as the type strain of a novel species, namely, Chromobacterium amazonense sp. nov.

Nitrogen Starvation For Lipid Accumulation In The Microalga Species Desmodesmus Sp.

Recently, to obtain lipids from microalgae has been the object of extensive research, since it is viewed as a promising feedstock for biodiesel production, especially when compared with crops such as soybean and sunflower, in terms of theoretical performance. The reduction of nutrient availability in culture media, especially nitrogen, stresses the microorganisms and affects cell growth, thus inducing lipid accumulation. This is an interesting step in biodiesel feedstock obtention from microalgae and should be better understood. In this study, four levels of nitrogen concentration in the BG-11 culture medium were evaluated in the growth of the chlorophycean microalga Desmodesmus sp. Both cell growth and lipid content were monitored over 7 days of cultivation, which yielded a final cell density of 33 × 10(6) cells mL(-1) with an initial NaNO3 concentration of 750 mg L(-1) in the medium and a maximum lipid content of 23 % with total nitrogen starvation. It was observed that the microalgae presented high lipid accumulation in the fourth day of cultivation with nitrogen starvation, although with moderate cell growth.

Variabilidade espacial e sazonal da concentração de elementos-traço em sedimentos do sistema estuarino de Santos-Cubatão (SP)

Multi-element analyses of sediment samples from the Santos-Cubatão Estuarine System were carried out to investigate the spatial and seasonal variability of trace-element concentrations. The study area contains a rich mangrove ecosystem that is a habitat for tens of thousands of resident and migratory birds, some of them endangered globally. Enrichments of metals in fine-grained surface sediments are, in decreasing order, Hg, Mn, La, Ca, Sr, Cd, Zn, Pb, Ba, Cu, Cr, Fe, Nb, Y, Ni and Ga, relative to pre-industrial background levels. The maximum enrichment ranged from 49 (Hg) to 3.1 (Ga). Mercury concentrations were greater in the Cubatão river than in other sites, while the other elements showed greater concentrations in the Morrão river. Concentrations of Mn were significantly greater in winter and autumn than in summer and spring. However, other elements (e.g. Cd and Pb) showed the opposite, with greater concentrations in summer and spring. This study suggests that seasonal changes in physical and chemical conditions may affect the degree of sediment enrichment and therefore make the assessment of contamination difficult. Consequently, these processes need to be considered when assessing water quality and the potential contamination of biota.

Um novo índice de qualidade das águas para proteção da vida aquática aplicado ao Rio Atibaia, região de Campinas/Paulínia-SP

In this paper a water quality index is developed to subsidize management actions in the Atibaia River for upon protection of aquatic organisms. This index is composed of two measurable environmental parameters normaly, ammonia and dissolved oxygen, the latter representing the contribution of organic matter. Concentrations of these two variables were normalized on a scale from 0 to 100 and translated into statements of quality (excellent, good, regular, bad and very bad). The index was applied to three monitoring points in the Atibaia River and compared to other indices used by the State of São Paulo Environmental Agency (CETESB). The results showed that the degradation in this watershed follows the urban population density. The developed index is more restricted than the other ones routinely used to infer water quality.

Levantamento fitossociológico e caráter sucessional de um trecho de floresta secundária ciliar em Juquitiba, SP, Brasil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the horizontal and vertical structures of tree community in regeneration in a fragment of a secondary riparian forest at approximately 30 years of age and to identify the most abundant species in each fragment of the forest to determine the sucessional stage. An area of 800 m² was subdivided into 16 samples of 10 x 5 m and all individuals with DBH ≥ 1 cm were sampled and identified for the following analyzes: horizontal parameters (DR, FR, DoR, IVC and IVI), vertical parameters (PSR and RNR) and mixed parameters, from of value of increased importance index (IVIa). The survey measured 689 individuals, belonging to 38 families, 74 genus and 109 species. The total density was 8,614 individuals/ha. The index of Shannon´s diversity was 3.99 and the index of Pielou´s equability was 0.85. Tibouchina pulchra, Psychotria suterella and Endlicheria paniculata obtained high values of IVIa. Guarea macrophylla, Gomidesia anacardiaefolia, Xylopia langsdorffiana and Endlicheria paniculata achieved high values of RNT, indicating adequate natural regeneration in the plot. The initial secondary and umbrophylous species showed the highest ecological importance in this fragment of the forest, with the highest values of sociologic position and importance index. Furthermore, the presence of late secondary species in all layers suggest that the studied fragment is in intermediate succession degree.

Classificação e padronização dos tomates cv. Carmem e Débora dentro da CEAGESP - SP

The creation of the Brazilian Program for the Modernization of the Horticulture by the Secretariat of Agriculture and Supplying of the State of São Paulo at CEAGESP, determined the standardization of fruit and vegetables in the follow aspects: degree of coloration, format, calibers, defects and packing. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to correlate the classification given by the Brazilian Program with the one used by the wholesalers at CEAGESP, verifying if the established norms are being fulfilled for cultivar Carmen and Debora (SAKATA SEED). The results showed, that for cultivar Carmem, for the averages of the observed values it does not move away from the norms created by the Program for sizes small and medium. However, for the case of cultivar Debora, the results showed differences between the adopted classifications. The tomatoes were devaluated, because had been commercialized below of the standardization indicated for the Brazilian Program.

Modelos de transferência de metal pesado na cana-de-açúcar adubada com composto de lixo urbano

The research approaches recycling of urban waste compost (UWC) as an alternative fertilizer for sugarcane crop and as a social and environmental solution to the solids residuals growth in urban centers. A mathematical model was used in order to know the metal dynamics as decision support tool, aiming to establish of criteria and procedures for UWC's safe use, limited by the amount of heavy metal. A compartmental model was developed from experimental data in controlled conditions and partially checked with field data. This model described the heavy metal transference in the system soil-root-aerial portion of sugarcane plants and concluded that nickel was metal to be concern, since it takes approximately three years to be attenuated in the soil, reaching the aerial portions of the plant at high concentrations. Regarding factors such as clay content, oxide level and soil pH, it was observed that for soil with higher buffering capacity, the transfer of the majority of the metals was slower. This model may become an important tool for the attainment of laws regarding the UWC use, aiming to reduce environment contamination the waste accumulation and production costs.

Fundações de construções submetidas a esforços de tração em solo de alta porosidade da região de Campinas - SP

This paper presents the behavior of three bored piles conducted in diabasic soil submitted to uplift forces. The piles were built at the site for Experimental Studies in Soil Mechanics and Foundations of UNICAMP, located in the city of Campinas, Brazil. Field tests have already been conducted at the site (SPT, CPT, DMT and PMT), as well as laboratory tests by using sample soils taken from a well up to 17 m deep. The water table is not checked until a depth of 17 m. In order to check the behavior of the piles when submitted to uplift forces, slow static load tests were carried out as the recommendations of NBR 12131. The carrying capacity of these piles was also provided by means of theoretical methods, appropriate for uplift forces, and through semi-empirical methods appropriate for compression forces, considering only the portion of lateral resistance. The values estimated by using the considered methods were compared to those obtained by means of load tests. One of the tested piles was extracted from the soil to be the subject of a study on its geometry.

Composição florística de uma floresta ripária na Reserva Estadual de Porto Ferreira, SP

The point-centred quarter method (63 points) was applied in Porto Ferreira State Reserve (21º49'S and 47º25'W) in an area (1.08ha) on the right margin of Moji Guaçu river, including two woody individuals per quarter - one with DBH < 10cm and at least 130cm high, the other with DBH > 10cm. The results obtained were compared with those published by other authors for a riparian forest (Mata da Figueira) at Moji Guaçu Ecological Station (about 100 km upstream on the same river). At Porto Ferreira 107 species were found, of which 80 were exclusive, compared with the Mata da Figueira where of the 59 species listed, 31 were exclusive. The two area shared 27 common species, thus accounting for a low Sørensen similarity of 48.6%. The great environmental heterogeneity of the floodplains, as well as the degree of anthropic disturbance, could account for this floristic variation. The greatest numbers of species were shown by Leguminosae (20), Myrtaceae (17), Rutaceae (9), Euphorbiaceae (7), and Lauraceae, Meliaceae, Moraceae and Rubiaceae (6 species each). There appears to be little difference at the family level among the periodically flooded and non-flooded forests of the State of São Paulo, but the species show different degreees of preference for habitat. The floristic composition of the two areas presented a mixture of typical species with others of non-flooded forests. The latter would occur on the floodplain probably by a) adaptation of the root system to relatively short flooding periods; b) shorter periods of flooding on the higher points of the microrelief of the floodplain, and c) greater aeration due to running water.

Flora arbustivo-arbórea do fragmento de floresta estacional semidecidual do Ribeirão Cachoeira, município de Campinas, SP

An inventory of the woody flora (trees and shrubs), was carried out in the Ribeirão Cachoeria forest (233.7ha, 650m high, 46°55'58''W, 22°50'13''S), the second largest and best conserved fragment of semideciduous tropical forest in the municipality of Campinas, São Paulo state, Southeastern Brazil. The soil is a red-yellow podsol and the climate is of Köppen's Cwag type. Collections were made from August/1996 to September/1997. Only fertile individuals with a perimeter at breast height of 9cm or greater were included in the survey. One hyndred and seventhy five species were identified, belonging to 119 genera and 49 families. The most important families were Myrtaceae (14 species), Rutaceae and Fabaceae (13), Caesalpiniaceae (11), Solanaceae (9), and Rubiaceae (8). Some species were found for the first time in the region: Tachigali multijuga Benth. and Schoepfia brasiliensis A.DC. The flowering peak for most species was from August to October. Maximum fruit production was from August to November. Most species are zoochoric (58%), but 23% were anemochoric and 19% autochoric. The floristic composition of this forest and another 20 forests from São Paulo state were compared. The results obtained indicate the existence of distinct groups of forests. The most homogeneus group contains forests from the municipality of Campinas with similarity of 40%. This suggests that these forests are possibly fragments of a original continuous forest in the Campinas region.