Group portrait, 10th Anniversary Dinner, Display Novelties Co. Ltd.; New York.

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Group portrait, unidentified co-educational Jewish public school.

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Quasi-2D XY Magnetic Properties and Slow Relaxation in a Body Centered Metal Organic Network of [Co-4] Clusters

Octahedral Co2+ centers have been connected by mu(3)-OH and mu(2)-OH2 units forming [Co-4] clusters which are linked by pyrazine forming a two-dimensional network. The two-dimensional layers are bridged by oxybisbenzoate (OBA) ligands giving rise to a three-dimensional structure. The [Co-4] clusters bond with the pyrazine and the OBA results in a body-centered arrangement of the clusters, which has been observed for the first time. Magnetic studies reveal a noncollinear frustrated spin structure of the bitriangular cluster, resulting in a net magnetic moment of 1.4 mu B per cluster. For T > 32 K, the correlation length of the cluster moments shows a stretched-exponential temperature dependence typical of a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless model, which points to a quasi-2D XY behavior. At lower temperature and down to 14 K, the compound behaves as a soft ferromagnet and a slow relaxation is observed, with an energy barrier of ca. 500 K. Then, on further cooling, a hysteretic behavior takes place with a coercive field that reaches 5 Tat 4 K. The slow relaxation is assigned to the creation/annihilation of vortex-antivortex pairs, which are the elementary excitations of a 2D XY spin system.

Postcard distributed by M. Molling & Co., Hannover, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Friedrich Schiller's death.

Addressed to Therese Gottschalk nee Molling, postmarked 25 April 1905 and mailed from Hannover to Hildesheim, most likely while Therese was visiting her Meyerhof grandparents

The intrinsic plasticity of farm businesses and their resilience to change. An Australian example.

This paper examines the idea that plasticity in farm management introduces resilience to change and allows farm businesses to perform when operating in highly variable environments. We also argue for the need to develop and apply more integrative assessments of farm performance that combine the use of modelling tools with deliberative processes involving farmers and researchers in a co-learning process, to more effectively identify and implement more productive and resilient farm businesses. In a plastic farming system, farm management is highly contingent on environmental conditions. In plastic farming systems farm managers constantly vary crops and inputs based on the availability of limited and variable resources (e.g. land, water, finances, labour, machinery, etc.), and signals from its operating environment (e.g. climate, markets), with the objective of maximising a number of, often competing, objectives (e.g. maximise profits, minimise risks, etc.). In contrast in more rigid farming systems farm management is more calendar driven and relatively fixed sequences of crops are regularly followed over time and across the farm. Here we describe the application of a whole farm simulation model to (i) compare, in silico, the sensitivity of two farming systems designs of contrasting levels of plasticity, operating in two contrasting environments, when exposed to a stressor in the form of climate change scenarios;(ii) investigate the presence of interactions and feedbacks at the field and farm levels capable of modifying the intensity and direction of the responses to climate signals; and (iii) discuss the need for the development and application of more integrative assessments in the analysis of impacts and adaptation options to climate change. In both environments, the more plastic farm management strategy had higher median profits and was less risky for the baseline and less intensive climate change scenarios (2030). However, for the more severe climate change scenarios (2070), the benefit of plastic strategies tended to disappear. These results suggest that, to a point, farming systems having higher levels of plasticity would enable farmers to more effectively respond to climate shifts, thus ensuring the economic viability of the farm business. Though, as the intensity of the stress increases (e.g. 2070 climate change scenario) more significant changes in the farming system might be required to adapt. We also found that in the case studies analysed here, most of the impacts from the climate change scenarios on farm profit and economic risk originated from important reductions in cropping intensity and changes in crop mix rather than from changes in the yields of individual crops. Changes in cropping intensity and crop mix were explained by the combination of reductions in the number of sowing opportunities around critical times in the cropping calendar, and to operational constraints at the whole farm level i.e. limited work capacity in an environment having fewer and more concentrated sowing opportunities. This indicates that indirect impacts from shifts in climate on farm operations can be more important than direct impacts from climate on the yield of individual crops. The results suggest that due to the complexity of farm businesses, impact assessments and opportunities for adaptation to climate change might also need to be pursued at higher integration levels than the crop or the field. We conclude that plasticity can be a desirable characteristic in farming systems operating in highly variable environments, and that integrated whole farm systems analyses of impacts and adaptation to climate change are required to identify important interactions between farm management decision rules, availability of resources, and farmer's preference.

Molecular profiling of malignant pleural mesothelioma and pulmonary fibrosis

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare, usually incurable, disease mainly caused by former exposure to asbestos. Even though MM has a strong etiological link, genetic factors may play a role, since not all cases can be linked to former asbestos exposure. This thesis focuses on lung diseases, mainly malignant mesothelioma (MM), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which resembles asbestosis. The specific asbestos-related pathways associated with malignant as well as non-malignant lung diseases, still need to be clarified. Since most patients diagnosed with MM or asbestosis/fibrosis have a dismal prognosis and few therapeutic options are available, early diagnosis and better understanding of the disease pathogenesis are of the utmost importance. The first objective of this thesis was to identify asbestos specific differentially expressed genes. This was approached by using high-resolution gene expression arrays, and three different human lung cell lines, as well as with three different bioinformatics approaches. Since the first study aimed to elucidate potential early changes, the second study was used to screen DNA copy number changes in MM tumour samples. This was performed using genome wide microarrays for identification of DNA copy number changes characterstic for MM. Study III focused on the role of gremlin in the regulation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMPs) in IPF. Further studies were conducted in asbestos-exposed cell cultures as well as in an asbestos-induced mouse model. Furthermore, GATA-6 was studied in MM and metastatic pleural adenocarcinoma. The GATA transcription factors are important during embryonic development, but their role in cancer is still unclear. GATA-6 is a co-factor/target of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), which is used in differential diagnostics of pleural MM and adenocarcinoma. Bioinformatics probed the genes and biological processes ordered in terms of significance, clusters, and highly enriched chromosomal regions. The study revealed several already identified targets, produced new ideas about genes which are central for asbestos exposure, as well as provided supplementary data for researchers to check their own novel findings or ideas. The analysis revealed DNA copy number changes characteristic for MM tumors. The most common regions of loss were detected in 1p, 3p, 6q, 9p, 13, 14, and 22, and gains at 17q. The histological features in asbestosis and IPF are very similar, wherefore IPF can be studied in asbestos models. The BMP antagonist gremlin was up-regulated by asbestos exposure in human epithelial cell lines, which was also observed in Study I. The transforming growth factor (TGF) -β and BMP expression and signaling activities were measured from murine and human fibrotic lungs. BMP-7 signaling was down-regulated in response to up-regulation of gremlin, and restoration of BMP-7 signaling prevented progression of fibrosis in mice. Therefore, the study suggests that the restoration of BMP-7 signaling in fibrotic lung could potentially aid in the treatment of IPF patients. Study IV revealed that GATA-6 was strongly expressed in the majority of the MM cases, and correlated statistically significant with longer survival in subgroups of MM.

Drivers' ability to absorb information from co-located signs along motorways

The paper presents initial findings from an Austroads funded project NT1782 Ability to Absorb Information through Electronic and Static Signs. The paper aims to investigate how easily messages displayed on co-located signs can be absorbed, and if drivers can absorb messages and take appropriate action without any adverse impact on the safety and efficiency of driving. Co-location of three types of signs under motorway conditions was investigated: direction signs (DS), variable message signs (VMS) and variable speed limits/lane control signs (VSL/LCS). The authors reviewed global wide practices and research evidence on different types of sign co-locations. It was found that dual co-location of VSL/LCS, VMS and/or DS is a practical arrangement which has been widely practised overseas and in Australia. Triple co-location of VSL/LCS, VMS and DS is also practised overseas but is still new to the Australian driving community. The NT1782 project also employed an advanced driving simulator (ADS) to further investigate the possible impacts of sign co-location on drivers’ responses in an emergency situation and there were no obviously adverse impacts have been identified from the ADS study. The authors consolidated all findings and concluded that although there is no clear evidence showing that triple co-location gives rise to riskier behaviour, this proposition should be viewed with caution. Further evaluation of triple co-location in a real-life setting is called for.

Postcard distributed by M. Molling & Co. to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Friedrich Schiller's death; Hannover, Germany. Advertisements

Addressed to Therese Gottschalk nee Molling, postmarked 25 April 1905 and mailed from Hannover to Hildesheim, most likely while Therese was visiting her Meyerhof grandparents

Newspaper obituary for Max Molling in the Hannoverscher Anzeiger by the personel of M. Molling & Co.; Hannover, Germany.

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QTL for nodal root angle in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) co-locate with QTL for traits associated with drought adaptation.

Nodal root angle in sorghum influences vertical and horizontal root distribution in the soil profile and is thus relevant to drought adaptation. In this study, we report for the first time on the mapping of four QTL for nodal root angle (qRA) in sorghum, in addition to three QTL for root dry weight, two for shoot dry weight, and three for plant leaf area. Phenotyping was done at the six leaf stage for a mapping population (n = 141) developed by crossing two inbred sorghum lines with contrasting root angle. Nodal root angle QTL explained 58.2% of the phenotypic variance and were validated across a range of diverse inbred lines. Three of the four nodal root angle QTL showed homology to previously identified root angle QTL in rice and maize, whereas all four QTL co-located with previously identified QTL for stay-green in sorghum. A putative association between nodal root angle QTL and grain yield was identified through single marker analysis on field testing data from a subset of the mapping population grown in hybrid combination with three different tester lines. Furthermore, a putative association between nodal root angle QTL and stay-green was identified using data sets from selected sorghum nested association mapping populations segregating for root angle. The identification of nodal root angle QTL presents new opportunities for improving drought adaptation mechanisms via molecular breeding to manipulate a trait for which selection has previously been very difficult.

Interior of the Konservenfabrik E. Arnold und Co. (Arnold and Co. canned goods factory); Fuerth, Bavaria Business Establishments; Factories

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Distance Relay Co-ordination Using Support Vector Machines in Power Transmission System

In this paper, a new approach to enhance the transmission system distance relay co-ordination is presented. The approach depends on the apparent impedance loci seen by the distance relay during all possible disturbances. In a distance relay, the impedance loci seen at the relay location is obtained by extensive transient stability studies. Support vector machines (SVMs), a class of patterns classifiers are used in discriminating zone settings (zone-1, zone-2 and zone-3) using the signals to be used by the relay. Studies on a sample 9-bus are presented for illustrating the proposed scheme.

Group portrait, 10th Anniversary Dinner, Display Novelties Co. Ltd.; New York.

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Magnetic interactions in the oxide systems LaNi1-xMxO3 (M = Cr, Fe, or Co)

Magnetic susceptibilities of several members of the series of oxides of the general formula LaNi1-xMxO3 (M = Cr, Fe, or Co) are reported. The oxides show evidence for interesting ferrimagnetic (Cr and Co) and antiferromagnetic (Fe) interactions.