Campagne cardiovasculaire 2013-2016 du CIPRET Valais : évaluation de la campagne 2013-2014

Le Cipret-Valais, la Société Médicale du Valais (SMV), Pharmavalais et Promotion Santé Valais, ont lancé en 2013 une campagne de sensibilisation sur l'impact du tabac sur les maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV). Cette campagne, qui sera déclinée sur trois ans (2013-2016), informe et sensibilise la population sur les liens existant entre le tabagisme et les MCV. La campagne suit différents axes : sensibiliser les fumeurs de plus de 40 ans aux conséquences du tabagisme sur leur risque de MCV, les encourager à contrôler leur pression artérielle (en pharmacie) et les inciter à prendre les mesures nécessaires à la réduction de leur risque de MCV. Dans une seconde phase, les fumeurs seront guidés dans leur démarche d'arrêt, avec des offres de désaccoutumance. Cette évaluation, qui concerne la première partie de la campagne (novembre 2013 et mars 2014), a pour but d'apporter un complément qualitatif aux données quantitatives récoltées au cours de la campagne (valeurs de tension artérielle (TA)). Des entretiens ont ainsi été menés avec le responsable du Cipret-Valais (A. Dubuis) et le président du Cipret-Valais, également responsable de la SMV pour cette campagne (Dr. D. Evéquoz). Un focus-group avec un échantillon de pharmacien était également prévu. N'ayant pu avoir lieu du fait d'une participation trop faible, il a été remplacé par des entretiens téléphoniques. Pour la partie quantitative de l'évaluation, les données sur les prises de TA en pharmacie ont été fournies par le Cipret-Valais et Pharmavalais, et celles sur la fréquentation du site internet par Cipret-Valais.

Correlates of frailty, prediction of functional decline and preventative approaches - selected results from the lausanne cohort 65+ (lc65+) study (Switzerland) (Lausanne) and the longitudinal urban cohort ageing study (Lucas) (Germany)

Overall introduction.- Longitudinal studies have been designed to investigate prospectively, from their beginning, the pathway leading from health to frailty and to disability. Knowledge about determinants of healthy ageing and health behaviour (resources) as well as risks of functional decline is required to propose appropriate preventative interventions. The functional status in older people is important considering clinical outcome in general, healthcare need and mortality. Part I.- Results and interventions from lucas (longitudinal urban cohort ageing study). Authors.- J. Anders, U. Dapp, L. Neumann, F. Pröfener, C. Minder, S. Golgert, A. Daubmann, K. Wegscheider,. W. von Renteln-Kruse Methods.- The LUCAS core project is a longitudinal cohort of urban community-dwelling people 60 years and older, recruited in 2000/2001. Further LUCAS projects are cross-sectional comparative and interventional studies (RCT). Results.- The emphasis will be on geriatric medical care in a population-based approach, discussing different forms of access, too. (Dapp et al. BMC Geriatrics 2012, 12:35; http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2318/12/35): - longitudinal data from the LUCAS urban cohort (n = 3.326) will be presented covering 10 years of observation, including the prediction of functional decline, need of nursing care, and mortality by using a self-filling screening tool; - interventions to prevent functional decline do focus on first (pre-clinical) signs of pre-frailty before entering the frailty-cascade ("Active Health Promotion in Old Age", "geriatric mobility centre") or disability ("home visits"). Conclusions.- The LUCAS research consortium was established to study particular aspects of functional competence, its changes with ageing, to detect pre-clinical signs of functional decline, and to address questions on how to maintain functional competence and to prevent adverse outcome in different settings. The multidimensional data base allows the exploration of several further questions. Gait performance was exmined by GAITRite®-System. Supported by the Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF Funding No. 01ET1002A). Part II.- Selected results from the lausanne cohort 65+ (Lc65 + ) Study (Switzerland). Authors.- Prof Santos-Eggimann Brigitte, Dr Seematter-Bagnoud Laurence, Prof Büla Christophe, Dr Rochat Stéphane. Methods.- The Lc65+ cohort was launched in 2004 with the random selection of 3054 eligible individuals aged 65 to 70 (birth year 1934-1938) in the non-institutionalized population of Lausanne (Switzerland). Results.- Information is collected about life course social and health-related events, socio-economics, medical and psychosocial dimensions, lifestyle habits, limitations in activities of daily living, mobility impairments, and falls. Gait performance are objectively measured using body-fixed sensors. Frailty is assessed using Fried's frailty phenotype. Follow-up consists in annual self-completed questionnaires, as well as physical examination and physical and mental performance tests every three years. - Lausanne cohort 65+ (Lc65 + ): design and longitudinal outcomes. The baseline data collection was completed among 1422 participants in 2004-2005 through self-completed questionnaires, face-to-face interviews, physical examination and tests of mental and physical performances. Information about institutionalization, self-reported health services utilization, and death is also assessed. An additional random sample (n = 1525) of 65-70 years old subjects was recruited in 2009 (birth year 1939-1943). - lecture no 4: alcohol intake and gait parameters: prevalent and longitudinal association in the Lc65+ study. The association between alcohol intake and gait performance was investigated.