Atividade biológica de extratos acetato de etila, etanólico e aquoso de timbó (Lonchocarpus floribundus) sobre carrapato bovino

Os extratos acetato de etila, etanólico e aquoso de raízes de Lonchocarpus floribundus foram utilizados, a fim de avaliar a atividade biológica sobre carrapato bovino. Carrapatos adultos foram coletados em bovinos infestados artificialmente, separados em grupos de dez indivíduos, pesados e imersos, separadamente, nos extratos de raízes de L. Floribundus, nas concentrações de 5, 25, 50, 75 e 100 mg mL-1. Para a avaliação em larvas, foram utilizados indivíduos de 14 a 21 dias, os quais foram imersos nos extratos nas concentrações de 1, 5, 10, 15 e 20 mg mL-1. Após o tratamento, cada grupo foi colocado em placa de Petri e incubado a 27 ± 1 ºC e umidade relativa de 80 ± 5%. Os extratos avaliados não foram eficazes para induzir, acima de 50%, a mortalidade de fêmeas ingurgitadas. Os extratos acetato de etila e etanólico induziram 100% de mortalidade de larvas. Entretanto, quanto aos valores de concentração letal mediana (CL50), o extrato etanólico (CL50 = 2,1 mg mL-1) foi mais tóxico que o extrato acetato de etila (CL50 = 4,1 mg mL-1). O extrato etanólico estimou concentração inibitória mediana (CI50) de 3,0 mg mL-1 e foi mais tóxico que os demais extratos quanto a este parâmetro de avaliação. Entre os três extratos avaliados, os extratos acetato de etila e etanólico apresentaram os melhores resultados quanto ao controle de reprodução de R. (B.) microplus, atingindo 100% na concentração de 5 mg mL-1. Os extratos de raízes de L. Floribundus apresentaram atividade biológica sobre carrapato bovino.

When pneumonia becomes a double congenital diaphragmatic hernia

When pneumonia becomes a double congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Deep infiltrating endometriosis of the colon causing cyclic bleeding

[Description] Endometriosis, the presence of functional endometrial tissue outside the uterus, occurs in about 3–10% of women of reproductive age and is a cause of chronic pelvic pain and infertility for some.1 Bowel involvement may be present in about 5–10% of these women, mostly affecting the rectum and distal sigmoid (over 80% of cases), and, more infrequently, the appendix, ileum and caecum. The most common lesions involve only the serosa (endometriotic implants) but they can penetrate the muscular layers of the wall, in which case they are called deep infiltrating endometriosis. (...)

Climate change research and policy in Portugal

This article offers a review of research and policy on climate change in Portugal and is organized into three main themes: scientific knowledge and assessment of climate change; policy analysis and evaluation; and public engagement. Modern scientific research on meteorology and climatology started in Portugal in the 1950s and a strong community of researchers in climate science, vulnerabilities, impacts, and adaptation has since developed, particularly in the last decade. Nevertheless, there are still many gaps in research, especially regarding the economic costs of climate change in Portugal and costs and benefits of adaptation. Governmental policies with a strong emphasis on mitigation were introduced at the end of the 1990s. As greenhouse gas emissions continued to rise beyond its Kyoto target for 2012, the country had to resort to the Kyoto Flexibility Mechanisms in order to comply. Climate change adaptation policies were introduced in 2010 but are far from being fully implemented. Regarding public engagement with climate change, high levels of concern contrast with limited understanding and rather weak behavioral dispositions to address climate change. Citizens display a heavy reliance on the media as sources of information, which are dominated by a techno-managerial discourse mainly focused on the global level. The final part of the article identifies research gaps and outlines a research agenda. Connections between policy and research are also discussed

Noninvasive cardiac assessment in children of women with systemic lupus erythematosus

OBJECTIVE: Noninvasive cardiac assessment of newborns and infants of women with systemic lupus erythematosus. The children had no congenital total atrioventricular block and were compared with the children of healthy women. METHODS: We prospectively assessed 13 newborns and infants aged 1 to 60 days, children of women with systemic lupus erythematosus and without congenital total atrioventricular block. These children were compared with 30 children of women who had no lupus or anti-Ro/SSA antibodies, and no risk factors for congenital heart disease either. Their age groups matched. The following examinations were performed: cardiological physical examination, electrocardiography, echocardiography, and signal-averaged electrocardiography. RESULTS: The statistical analysis showed no significant difference in ventricular function or in the cardiac conduction system between the groups. CONCLUSION: In regard to the conduction system and ventricular function in the absence of total atrioventricular block, no statistically significant difference was observed between the children of women with systemic lupus erythematosus and children of healthy women.

Plants of the coast of Coromandel :selected from drawings and descriptions presented to the hon. court of directors of the East India Company /by William Roxburgh.

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Plants of the coast of Coromandel :selected from drawings and descriptions presented to the hon. court of directors of the East India Company /by William Roxburgh.

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Plants of the coast of Coromandel :selected from drawings and descriptions presented to the hon. court of directors of the East India Company /by William Roxburgh.

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Herbarium Blackwellianum emendatum et auctum, id est, Elisabethae Blackwell collectio stirpium : quae in pharmacopoliis ad medicum usum asseruantur, quarum descriptio et vires ex Anglico idiomate in Latinum conversae sistuntur figurae maximam partem ad naturale exemplar emendantur floris fructusque partium repraesentatione augentur et probatis botanicorum nominibus illustrentur. Cum praefatione Tit. Pl. D.D. Christophori Iacobi Trew ; excudit figuras pinxit atque in aes incidit Nicolaus Fridericus Eisenbergerus ...

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La teoría de la mente desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria: el problema de la conciencia

Diversas disciplinas científicas tales como la Psicología, las neurociencias, la psicología evolutiva, la inteligencia artificial, la lingüística, etc., abordan el estudio de los fenómenos mentales desde diferentes ángulos y con presupuestos y metodologías particulares. Por otra parte, en el marco disciplinario de la filosofía de la mente, especialmente en los últimos años, se han encarado investigaciones en torno a distintos tópicos especiales (representación, causación mental, intencionalidad, procesamiento de información, fenómenos cualitativos, subjetividad, auto-conocimiento, etc.) que han sido discutidos en diferentes niveles de análisis: ontológico, epistemológico, metodológico, semántico. Esta situación trae como consecuencia el desarrollo de investigaciones paralelas cuyas vinculaciones sólo excepcionalmente son advertidas, e incluso en el caso de algunas disciplinas aplicadas, ni siquiera se consideran los resultados de las indagaciones teóricas, lo que las lleva a incurrir tanto en errores conceptuales como la interpretación. (...) En la anterior etapa de investigación hemos logrado realizar un relevamiento general, en algunas de las disciplinas mencionadas, de los distintos marcos conceptuales y explicativos empleados en teorías de la intencionalidad. En esta nueva etapa nos proponemos analizar y evaluar las principales dificultades y discusiones epistemológicas implicadas en el intento de construir una única teoría global acerca de lo mental, vinculando diferentes disciplinas. (...) En esta primera etapa prevemos abordar el problema planteado abocándonos al estudio de una temática especial, presente en los desarrollos teóricos de las distintas disciplinas e ineludible para la construcción de una teoría transdisciplinaria acerca de los fenómenos mentales: el problema de la conciencia. (...) Objetivos específicos: 1. Examinar las teorías alternativas de la conciencia (empíricas y filosóficas) discriminando en especial sus presupuestos epistemológicos. 2. Comparar los marcos teóricos globales que se desprenden de las teorías de la conciencia con las interpretaciones que de ella se postulan en los distintos contextos disciplinarios (psicología, lingüística, etc.). 3. Evaluar la viabilidad de una teoría unitaria de la conciencia, atendiendo a las condiciones de adecuación epistemológica de acuerdo con un enfoque interdisciplinario.

Plantarum americanarum fasciculus primus[-decimus] :continens plantas, quas olim Carolus Plumierius, botanicorum princeps detexit, eruitque, atque in insulis Antillis ipse depinxit /Has primum in lucem edidit, concinnisdescriptionibus, & observationibus, aeneisque tabulis illustravit Joannes Burmannus.

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