Viabilidade e longevidade de sementes de tabebuia aurea benth. & hook. submetidas a diferentes métodos de armazenamento

Seeds Tabebuia aurea (syn. Handroanthus aureus Mattos), The seeds of Tabebuia aurea (syn. Handroanthus Mattos aureus), have low metabolic rates, which favors their storage conditions and freezing temperatures when stored at room temperature, there is a progressive decline in viability. Therefore, this study aims to determine the viability and longevity of seeds of Tabebuia aurea subjected to different storage methods. There were used 6100 seeds. In 2400 seeds were stored refrigerator, which in 1200 placed in transparent plastic bag and 1200 in Kraft paper bags. 3600 Other seeds were placed in room temperature and 1200 seeds in clear plastic bag, 1200 in Kraft paper bags and tray open in 1200. For each treatment, four replicates of 25 seeds for 12 months, with design was completely randomized. The average germination, normal seedlings and speed germination index were transformed into (x+1)(-1/2). The data were submitted to ANOVA and means compared by Tukey test at 5%. Also regressions polynomials were modeled for the variables study in function of the periods of storage of the seeds. The seeds stored in the refrigerator at 13 C maintained a high germination rate and normal seedling germination rate during the 360 days of evaluation. The method suitable for the seed storage of Tabebuia aurea is in the refrigerator at 13 degrees C, both in plastic and paper.

Tratamento químico de sementes de milho e o teste de condutividade elétrica

In different crops, the seeds treatment with the use of fungicides and/or insecticides has been performed before the storage or in the seeding moment as a guarantee form of longer conservation period and adequate initial stand. However, it is not known if the various products used for the treatment interfere with test results of electrical conductivity of corn seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized and the analysis carried out in a factorial 5x5x2 with four replications. The treatments consisted of five cultivars of corn (DKB 390YG, DKB 185YG, 2B710, AGN-30A91HX and AL Bandeirante) treated with four insecticides (imidacloprid+thiodicarbe, thiamethoxam, fipronil, fipronil+piraclostrobin+thiophanate-methyl), and the control previously treated by the company with fungicides (fludioxonil+metalaxyl-M e captan) and insecticides (pirimiphos-methyl, deltamethrin e bifenthrin), analyzed in two different times (after treatment and at 35 days of storage). Seeds were subjected to tests of germination, electrical conductivity and water content. The results showed that the treatment of corn seeds with insecticides and fungicides doesn't interfere on the test results of electric conductivity, even if the analysis is made after 35 days of storage of seeds.

Estresse hídrico induzido por soluções de peg e de nacl na germinação de sementes de nabiça e fedegoso

The plants are subject to the conditions of multiple stresses, such as water and salt stress, which limit their development and their chances of survival. Aware of the factors that control seed germination can generate support for management strategies of weed species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of water stress caused by PEG and NaCl solutions on germination of wild Raphanus raphanistrum and Senna obtusifolia seeds. The seeding was done with four repetitions of 50 seeds on moistened paper with solutions of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) and NaCl at osmotic potentials of 0.0, -0.2, -0.4 and -0.8 MPa. The germination test was conducted at 25 degrees C in the presence of light, evaluating the first test score to seven days after sowing, and weekly, germination (normal seedlings) until 35 days; it was also calculated the index germination rate. The results allowed the conclusion that water stress by PEG causes a greater reduction in force, speed of germination and accumulated germination of seeds of Raphanus raphanistrum and Senna obtusifolia seeds. The Senna obtusifolia was more tolerant to water stress.

Estresse hídrico e osmocondicionamento de sementes de espécies e híbridos de eucalipto

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

Abordagem multivariada na análise de diversidade genética em cruzamentos para alto teor de óleo em soja

The soybean crop is considered a high expression around the world. In plant breeding programs, knowledge of genetic diversity is extremely important and in this context, are frequently used multivariate analyzes. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic divergence between soybean crosses through multivariate techniques. In total, 16 crosses were evaluated, which were in the F2 generation of inbreeding. The evaluated characteristics were plant height at maturity, height of the first pod, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of nodes per plant, hundred seed weight, grain yield and oil content. For the analyzes was used Euclidean distance, methods of hierarchical clustering UPGMA and Ward and principal component analysis. Genetic distances estimated using Euclidean distance ranged from 1.24 to 8.13, with the smallest distance observed between crosses C1 and C4, and the greatest distance between the C2 crosses and C6. The methods UPGMA clustering and Ward met crossings in five different groups. The principal component analysis explained 86.2% of the variance contained in the original eight variables with three main components. The APM characters, NV, NR, NN, PG% and oil were the main contributors to genetic divergence among traits. Multivariate techniques were crucial to the analysis of genetic diversity, and the methods of Ward and UPGMA clustering and principal components have consistent results in this way, the simultaneous use of these tools in genetic analysis of crosses is indicated

Regeneração natural de mata ciliar em ecossistema de floresta estacional semidecidual: chuva de sementes e banco de sementes do solo

The knowledge of the dynamics of soil seed bank and seed rain is fundamental to understand the forest succession process, as well as for its conservation and restoration. This paper aimed at studying the role of the soil seed bank and seed rain in the dynamics of a riparian tropical seasonal forest fragment located on the hinterland of São Paulo State. The seed rain was studied by 30 litter traps installed at 50 cm from the floor, with an area of 50 cm x 50 cm. Between November of 2008 and October of 2009, 11364 seeds of 82 species belonging to 33 different families were collected. The deposition density of seeds was 126.27 individuals.m². With the data obtained from this research, the two seasons couldn’t be differed from each other hence 2009 was an atypical year considering the precipitation, which was constantly elevated. For the soil seed bank, fifty superficial soil samples will be taken at the end of both the rainy and dry seasons. The germination method was applied for the data analysis. It was observed a predominance of herbaceous habit species, with an average of 71% of the germinations in both seasons. The Sφrensen similarity index between the seasons was low (0,27). The density and species diversity were higher after the rainy season, unlike other published researches

Análise Isotópica de Carbono-13 e Nitrogênio-15 da Ipomoea violacea para Determinação de sua Origem Geográfica

Along the Earth globe we can find many types of psychoactive plants. Among them is the Ipomoea violacea, popularly known as Morning Glory. There are ergotalkaloids producer associated-fungus in its leaves and seeds. One of these alkaloids that can be found is the ergine (or LSA), a homologous substance of the lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). There are many discussions around the world about the inclusion of LSA in the list of controlled substances. In Brazil, this was recently prohibited. One of the most important point of view in the study of isotopic composition of 13C and 15N of this plant is the fact that there is a total alkaloid variation in function of its geographic origin like was verified in 1960’s, besides to aggregate knowledge about it. This work was made to verify if the isotopic ratio can be used as a tool in tracing this illegal Brazilian plant. We could conclude that this plant presents a C3 photosynthetic pathway, its parts has different isotopic carbon and nitrogen composition and that stable isotope analysis can be successfully used as a tool to detect its geographic origin

Divergência genética entre árvores matrizes de Ceiba speciosa St. Hil. para características de frutos e sementes

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

Maturação e aquisição de tolerância à dessecação de sementes de Annona emarginata (Shltdl.) H. Rainer

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Qualidade fisiológica de sementes de Senna multijuga de diferentes procedências do estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Fitotoxicidade e análise fitoquímica a partir de folhas de cinco espécies de Cerrado

Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

Caracterização de genótipos de soja-hortaliça por análise de componentes principais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estresse térmico no acúmulo de prolina livre de plântulas de guandu oriundas de sementes tratadas com poliaminas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeitos de doses e formas de aplicação de reguladores de crescimento em uvas sem sementes, cv. BRS Clara, em região tropical

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do uso dos reguladores vegetais, ácido giberélico e tidiazuron, no tamanho de bagas da cultivar BRS Clara em Região Tropical. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em 2006 e 2007, na Estação Experimental de Viticultura Tropical, em Jales-SP, região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo, em plantas da cv. BRS Clara. Foram testadas diferentes concentrações de GA3 aplicadas isoladamente, combinadas com Crop Set ou tidiazuron, em aplicações únicas ou sequênciais (2 e 4 vezes). As avaliações foram feitas por ocasião da maturação das uvas, considerando-se a massa fresca dos cachos, dos engaços e das bagas, determinadas por meio de balança analítica; o comprimento e o diâmetro médio das bagas, utilizando-se de paquímetro; e o teor de sólidos solúveis (SS), por meio de refratômetro manual. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, representados por uma planta, com 15 repetições, no ano de 2006, e 10 repetições, no ano de 2007. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e, para a comparação das médias dos tratamentos, foi utilizado o teste Skott Nott, ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Observou-se que o uso dos reguladores promoveu o crescimento das bagas na cultivar BRS Clara em todos os tratamentos, diferindo da testemunha.

Análise da sustentabilidade ambiental de um cultivo de ostras em um estuário tropical

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)