O ensino da escrita e o desenvolvimento das pessoas com deficiência intelectual

This article proposes a theoretical reflection on the development of children with intellectual disabilities, regarding the importance and necessity of the process of learning the written language, from a historical-cultural point of view. For this approach, the course of development of a child disabled or not will occur according to cultural and social conditions experimented by him or her. Therefore, concerning the child with intellectual disabilities, his cultural condition, in dynamic relationship with the obstacles placed in its special condition, will be the source of his development. If the development of higher psychological functions is realized through the use of tools and if the people with intellectual disabilities present an inability to use these tools, there will be the need for aids so they can learn to use them in order to train and develop their psychic functions. In this process, education and written language acquisitions are fundamental ways of accessibility to the cultural world, a wider significance of communication in the world and to oneself. In short, the educators' comprehension about the importance of intentional teaching of written language and the historical process that envolves its development represents a fundamental contribution to the process of humanization of children with disabilities.

O tratamento do conteúdo informacional da fotografia na Arquivística: algumas reflexões

In the contemporary society, the recurring preoccupation about the effective use and appropriation of information has forced a progressive maturing of Information Science and its extention to new fields of study. In archival management, some gaps can be found concerning the treatment of photographs that have not been solved either theoretically or methodologically. This study approaches one of these gaps: the one related to the processing of the informational content of the photographic documents in archives. After a literature review, several recommendations are proposed regarding the identification, organization, representation, retrieval and access to the informational content of photographs in archives.

Contribuições de Itaipu no processo de integração elétrica regional

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Trayectoria tecnológica Web y el orden digital en Latinoamérica: reflexiones históricas desde Brasil

The emergence of the digital order renewed the Victorian civilizing ideal and strengthened a world order of techno-economic dependence. The new grand narrative is the urgency of digital transformation of societies; a dream pursued without reflection by the populations of the periphery that ended into in a collision between McLuhan's two informational orders: cold and hot societies. Latin America as part of the periphery did not participate in the development of the informatic technologies and its historical legacy made the appropriation of these technologies more difficult. This paper examines the historical circumstances of this process: the development of a discourse around the digital networks, the consequences of this social construction in the region, the fragile efforts of Brazil to create technology, and the entrance of IT networks in the region. The results showed that the status of this kind of research in the region is weak so we alert about its consequences. We concluded that to create an informational order that may serve as a space of self-affirmation, freedom and heterogeneity, it is necessary to have a deep knowledge of the social and historical context that created its basic technologies, but Latin America is indifferent in such regard. Information Science has a central role in the region within this process but it has not developed it yet.

A apropriação das obras de Ricardo Antunes pelo Serviço Social: a categoria trabalho em debate

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

A pedagogia histórico-crítica e a formação da individualidade para sí

Is there a place inside Marxism for the debate on individuality? Does the historical-critical pedagogy need a theory of individual’s education? The article answers affirmatively to both questions and analyses the pillars of a Marxist theory of human individuals’ education. The start point is the relation between the processes of objectification and appropriation that were originated by the work activity. The relation between objectification and appropriation is analysed from a dialectical materialistic historical perspective. This perspective implies the understanding of the contradiction generates by class struggle that gives to the sociocultural development both the meanings of humanization and alienation. In this sense, individual’s education is understood as part of historical self-building process of humankind. The direction of this movement is from humanity in itself to humanity for itself that means a process that promotes the development of free and universal individuality.

Contribuições da psicologia histórico-cultural para a educação do campo

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar los supuestos básicos de la psicología histórico-cultural con el fin de aclarar sus contribuciones a la educación del campo. Esta teoría psicológica, cuya base filosófica es lo materialismo histórico-dialéctico, afirma el carácter social de la psique humana y la apropiación de signos como estera del desarrollo ilumina el papel indispensable de la educación escolar en la formación de los individuos. En este sentido, aborda los siguientes temas: historia y fundamentos filosóficos-metodológicos de la sicología histórico-cultural; diferenciación entre las propiedades psíquicas heredadas por la naturaleza (funciones síquicas básicas) y aquellas culturalmente formadas (funciones síquicas superiores); expresiones ontogenéticas de la producción y interiorización de la cultura; relaciones de intercondicionabilidad entre prácticas sociales y comportamientos complejos culturalmente formados. Como conclusión señala las alianzas entre la matriz psicológica resaltada y la pedagogía histórico-crítico, ya que para ambas teorías no son cualquiera modelo de educación escolar que apoyan la formación de las personas, sino más bien, una que les ofrece los contenidos culturales históricamente sistematizados y aprobados por la práctica social de todos los hombres.

Educação escolar e constituição do afetivo: algumas considerações a partir da psicologia histórico-cultural

Cultural-Historical Psychology alleges the thesis of social experience as the basis of human formation and points the affective-cognitive unity as the intermediate in subject relations with the knowledge on the development of psychological functions. This article presents some elements that indicate the constitution of affective processes from the relations the subject maintains with human objectifications. Part of the critics to the organismic and subjectivist thought that, both in Psychology and in Education, separates emotions from other functions of human consciousness – treating them as deterrents in the teaching and school learning processes – and signs the importance of (re) thinking the relations the subject establishes with reality, the role of knowledge and of the concrete conditions of life and education that produce the affective processes. It defends that thinking and feeling are psychological processes developed from history of appropriation and objectification of signs and instruments that each subject realizes and affirms in scholar education, and the intentional character of teaching – in the organizational and pedagogical practice – as determinant elements in the transformation of the ways of thinking and feeling.

Redes sociales durante la economia cafetera: el caso de las haciendas Bebedouro (Brasil) y La Luisiana (Colombia), 1870-1920

Pós-graduação em História - FCLAS

Toque da Ciência: bases para um estudo de acompanhamento

This paper discuss the bases for monitoring studies on A Science Touch, a science popularization product developed at Unesp. There are science initiationlevel researches for critical evaluation of the program, sorted in technical appropriation and reception studies and discourse analysis.

Criança não é manga, não amadurece: conceito de maturação na teoria histórico-cultural

The idea of "mature development" is based, frequently, on explanations of school failure: the student does not learn because he is immature and the school has to wait until he gets "mature". When one says that a child is not mature compared to the development already attained by an adult, one focuses only the quantitative differences between them and forgets that these new qualities of the adult did not arise by the maturation, but by the permanent appropriation process of the human culture. Thus, this idea of "maturity of development" expresses a deep biologization of the human being, reducing social and educational problems explanation to the biological apparatus of the individual. The purpose of this essay is to analyze the relationship between maturation and development, pointing out the limits of biologists’ explanations of human phenomena and the possibilities of explanation formulated by the historical-cultural theory to the organization of pedagogical work. This concept gives a new configuration to the role of maturation in the learning process and gives the school education a central role in the development of higher psychological functions. Thus, the school does not have to wait for the child’s maturation. Rather, it is its duty to create conditions for his/her maturation to become effective.

As matemáticas modernas: um ensaio sobre os modos de produção de significado ao(s) movimento(s) no ensino primário brasileiro

The main goal of this paper is to discuss the production of meaning of the Modern Math Movement. The main sources were data available in school archives and interviews with former teachers that we use in order to focus on the diversity of perspectives -that complement it or oppose it-, which comes up when teachers refer to the Movement. Using this process of signification, teachers whether accept it, invalidate it or adapt it to guidelines imposed to them in their teaching activities. We establish a methodology by following the premises of Oral History to gather oral testimonies. The theoretical foundations in which this article is written are the guidelines of Paul Ricoeur’s Hermeneutics, John Thompson’s Depth Hermeneutics and Bolívar’s narrative analysis.

Criança dependente de tecnologia: a experiência do cuidado materno

Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender a experiência materna no cuidado ao filho dependente de tecnologia. Utilizamos a abordagem do estudo de caso etnográfico tendo como instrumentos de coleta de dados os genograma e ecomapa, entrevista aberta e observação. Os dados foram organizados em três unidades de significados: a busca pelas causas e por culpados; a alta hospitalar e as demandas para o cuidado e as redes de apoio. O estudo permitiu conhecer a experiência materna em busca por explicações, bem como os sentimentos de desconfiança, insegurança e insatisfação relacionados ao serviço de saúde. Ainda a apropriação da mãe em relação aos cuidados à criança e no que se refere à organização do ambiente domiciliar para recebê-la, a utilização das redes de apoio, destacando a carência de vínculos com familiares e vizinhos e a busca formal e informal para garantir a subsistência da criança doente e dos demais filhos.

El poblamiento en la comarca suroccidental de Gran Canaria

[ES] Este es un resumen representativo de un ambicioso trabajo de investigación que intenta ahondar en los aspectos metodológicos de la demografía histórica y el conocimiento de los aspectos históricos que rodean al poblamiento histórico de un territorio montañoso. El caso de la comarca suroccidental de Gran Canaria reúne una serie de connotaciones sobre las características y comportamientos de la población y sus distintas formas de apropiación del espacio. Ello tiene su traslación a la actualidad a través de aspectos como la formación del sistema de asentamientos en relación al volumen demográfico y la tipología de los núcleos, el patrimonio arquitectónico y etnográfico, la incidencia del desarrollo social y económico histórico en la actual estructura de la población, etc...

Desarrollo, territorio y conflicto en el nordeste de Misiones. En: Avá, n° 19

En el presente artículo se pone en cuestión la relación entre desarrollo y territorio en el nordeste de Misiones. Para ello se analizan tres ejes conflictivos: la disputa por la madera entre ocupantes de tierras privadas y empresarios madereros, el avance de la ocupación asociado al complejo tabacalero y las identificaciones contrapuestas que los actores realizan y exponen en su discurso acerca de estos contextos locales en estado de “resistencia” o enfrentamiento. Se focaliza en la dimensión espacial del desarrollo en tanto proceso de dominación y ejercicio de poder de unos actores sobre otros, precisando las diversas formas de uso y apropiación del territorio. Este análisis pone en evidencia las capacidades diferenciales de los actores y el poder desigual existente entre ellos; también da cuenta de las variadas situaciones de conflicto social que se generan cuando se profundizan las contradicciones, así como los diferentes modos de resolución y enfrentamiento que se instrumentan por parte del Estado y de los actores locales