Notas de Población Vol.28 N° 71

Los métodos de estimación indirecta de variables sociodemográficas para áreas geográficas menores han experimentado un franco desarrollo en América Latina y el Caribe. Aunque algunos de estos métodos tienen referentes en trabajos que datan de varias décadas atrás, durante los años noventa confluyeron tres factores principales, que dieron un gran impulso a esta línea de investigación: a) el fuerte aumento de la demanda de este tipo de información, originado en exigencias legales vinculadas a la representación política o a ciertas asignaciones presupuestarias, en el marco de procesos de descentralización, ven la focalización de las políticas sociales en general; b) una mayor frecuencia, periodicidad y sistematización del levantamiento de encuestas de hogares y demográficas con representación nacional, urbana y rural, y c) la más amplia disponibilidad de medios computacionales de bajo costo y alta velocidad de procesamiento de bases de datos con varios miles o millones de registros individuales, como las encuestas y los censos de población y vivienda. En los artículos aquí reunidos, los temas y variables estudiados (población, prevalencia y demanda anticonceptiva, ingreso, pobreza), las fuentes de información utilizadas (registros vitales y administrativos, censos, encuestas) y los procedimientos de análisis y estimación (imputación proporcional simple, tipificación, análisis discriminante y de regresión) pueden aparecer, en una primera mirada, bastante disímiles. No obstante, los trabajos tienen importantes elementos en común, como el propósito de obtener estimaciones de indicadores de forma indirecta, cuando es imposible o insatisfactoria la estimación directa; el recurso a la combinación de dos o mas fuentes de información, y la especificación y elaboración de modelos estadísticos, en general de tipo multivariado, apropiados para el objetivo que se persigue.

Unesp Informa, 2015, número 71

Boletim elaborado pela Assessoria de Comunicação e Imprensa da Reitoria da UNESP

Unesp Ciência, 2016, ano 7, número 71

Revista elaborada pela Assessoria de Comunicação e Imprensa da Reitoria da UNESP

RB34-71 Effects of Inflation and Deflation Upon Nebraska Agriculture, 1914 to 1932

Nebraska farmers prospered during the period which followed the depression of the nineties and preceded the beginning of the World War. To be sure the prosperity was not uniformly distributed either by years or by areas. The corn crop was unusually short in a large portion of the state in 1901 and an almost total failure in many of the southern counties in 1913. Chinch bugs did considerable injury in 1901 and the Hessian fly in 1905 and 1914. There was noticeable damage from insects in some areas in other years. No part of the state, however, suffered from long-continued drouth or repeated ravages of insect pests. The depression of 1907 affected credit and prices very severly for a few months, but recovery was rapid and within less than a year business was again moving forward. This 1934 research bulletin covers the problems of inflation and deflation; changes in the prices of various commodities during inflation and deflation; prices and purchasing power of Nebraska farm products, 1914 to 1932; adjustments during inflation and deflation; the effect of wages on Nebraska agriculture; taxes; Nebraska farm income; changes in types of farming in Nebraska, 1914 to 1932; the banking situation; Nebraska farm land prices; and the effects of inflation and deflation upon Nebraska businesses.

The Azores Current System and the Canary Current from CTD and ADCP data

Se han eliminado páginas en blanco

Trauma mechanisms, patterns of injury, and outcomes in a retrospective study of 71 burns from civil gas explosions

Although explosion injuries caused by terror attacks or in war are evaluated in many studies, limited information about civil explosion injuries can be found in the literature.

Genome-wide meta-analysis increases to 71 the number of confirmed Crohn's disease susceptibility loci

We undertook a meta-analysis of six Crohn's disease genome-wide association studies (GWAS) comprising 6,333 affected individuals (cases) and 15,056 controls and followed up the top association signals in 15,694 cases, 14,026 controls and 414 parent-offspring trios. We identified 30 new susceptibility loci meeting genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10 ? ? ). A series of in silico analyses highlighted particular genes within these loci and, together with manual curation, implicated functionally interesting candidate genes including SMAD3, ERAP2, IL10, IL2RA, TYK2, FUT2, DNMT3A, DENND1B, BACH2 and TAGAP. Combined with previously confirmed loci, these results identify 71 distinct loci with genome-wide significant evidence for association with Crohn's disease.

Impact of del32-71-GH (exon 3 skipped GH) on intracellular GH distribution, secretion and cell viability: a quantitative confocal microscopy analysis

BACKGROUND: Familial isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) is a disorder with about 5-30% of patients having affected relatives. Among those familial types, IGHD type II is an autosomal dominant form of short stature, associated in some families with mutations that result in missplicing to produce del32-71-GH, a GH peptide which cannot fold properly. The mechanism by which this mutant GH may alter the controlled secretory pathway and therefore suppress the secretion of the normal 22-kDa GH product of the normal allele is not known in detail. Previous studies have shown variance depending on cell type, transfection technique used, as well as on the method of analysis performed. AIM: The aim of our study was to analyse and compare the subcellular distribution/localization of del32-71-GH or wild-type (wt)-GH (22-kDa GH), each stably transfected into AtT-20, a mouse pituitary cell line endogenously producing ACTH, employed as the internal control for secretion assessment. METHODS: Colocalization of wt- and del32-71 mutant GH form was studied by quantitative confocal microscopy analysis. Using the immunofluorescent technique, cells were double stained for GH plus one of the following organelles: endoplasmic reticulum (ER anti-Grp94), Golgi (anti-betaCOP) or secretory granules (anti-Rab3a). In addition, GH secretion and cell viability were analysed in detail. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that in AtT-20 neuroendocrine cells, in comparison to the wt-GH, the del32-71-GH has a major impact on the secretory pathway not only affecting GH but also other peptides such as ACTH. The del32-71-GH is still present at the secretory vesicles' level, albeit in reduced quantity when compared to wt-GH but, importantly, was secretion-deficient. Furthermore, while focusing on cell viability an additional finding presented that the various splice site mutations, even though leading eventually to the same end product, namely del32-71-GH, have different and specific consequences on cell viability and proliferation rate.