Alternatives d'ajuda a alumnes amb dificultats escolars a l'Escola Laietana. 'Alternativas de ayuda para alumnos con dificultades escolares en la Escuela Laietana'.

Describir la historia de la institución Escola Laietana en 7 épocas (de 1963 a 1982). Describir la integración en la escuela de alumnos con dificultades de aprendizaje. Presentar las actividades que se llevan a cabo en el Aula de Integración. La Escola Laietana de Barcelona. Detallar las actividades mediante una descripción subjetiva, de los contenidos tratados en el Aula de Integración: 1) Observación del alumno; 2) Problemas detectados; 3) Horarios; 4) Planteamiento general de estructuras lógico matemáticas, lenguaje y psicomotricidad; 5) Objetivos generales de la intervención en el aula de Integración. Documentos de la institución escolar desde 1963. Se valora positivamente la dinámica del centro, ya que el trabajo en equipo, las discusiones de casos individuales han enriquecido la experiencia educativa de todo el equipo docente. Concluye que el Aula de Integración es necesaria para enriquecer el trabajo en equipo en el centro en cuestión, porque se ha planteado como un reto colectivo para todo el profesorado.

Condicions de treball al món, alternatives de canvi : organització dels treballadors i comerç just. 'Condiciones de trabajo en el mundo, alternativas de cambio : organización de los trabajadores y comercio justo'.

Resumen del documento en catalán. También disponible en castellano

Alimentacions alternatives. 'Alimentaciones alternativas'.

Resumen en catalán del autor

How we use wood.

Para apreciar cómo se usan las riquezas naturales y como punto de partida para el aprendizaje de las propiedades y sobre cuáles son algunos de los usos de la madera: combustible, construcción, mobiliario, decoración, tableros, papel, barcos. Cómo se preserva de la humedad. El carbón vegetal y el medio ambiente. Describe la forma en que no se debe utilizar. Tiene glosario, bibliografía y direcciones de Internet.

One day at Wood Green Animal Shelter.

Vamos a visitar un refugio de animales acompañados por algunos de sus empleados y por la autora del libro que lleva su máquina de fotos y un magnetófono. Ésta utiliza una combinación de texto y fotografía collage y nos introduce en el desarrollo de un día en este centro, en el que las personas y los animales, que son cuidados y tratados de sus enfermedades, forman una familia.

Building wood debris piles benefits avian seed dispersers in burned and logged Mediterranean pine forests

Salvage logging is a common practice carried out in burned forests worldwide, and intended to mitigate the economic losses caused by wildfires. Logging implies an additional disturbance occurring shortly after fire, although its ecological effects can be somewhat mitigated by leaving wood debris on site. The composition of the bird community and its capacity to provide ecosystem services such as seed dispersal of fleshy-fruited plants have been shown to be affected by postfire logging. We assessed the effects of the habitat structure resulting from different postfire management practices on the bird community, in three burned pine forests in Catalonia (western Mediterranean). For this purpose, we focused on the group of species that is responsible for seed dispersal, a process which takes place primarily during the winter in the Mediterranean basin. In addition, we assessed microhabitat selection by seed disperser birds in such environments in relation to management practices. Our results showed a significant, positive relationship between the density of wood debris piles and the abundance of seed disperser birds. Furthermore, such piles were the preferred microhabitat of these species. This reveals an important effect of forest management on seed disperser birds, which is likely to affect the dynamics of bird-dependent seed dispersal. Thus, building wood debris piles can be a useful practice for the conservation of both the species and their ecosystem services, while also being compatible with timber harvesting

El turisme a la Garrotxa: noves alternatives

La comarca de la Garrotxa, per la seva configuració física i natural, presenta unes característiques idònies per a les noves tendències turístiques. Contràriament al turisme tradicional de sol i platja, la tendència se centra, cada vegada mes, a buscar llocs tranquils, desmassificats i que ofereixin un marc ambiental poc degradat i d'elevat interès paisatgístic. Davant d’això, la Garrotxa ofereix un espai idoni per al desenvolupament d'aquest turisme, que, en última instancia, el que busca és gaudir del medi natural

Effects of Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)) Outbreaks on Boreal Mixed-Wood Bird Communities

This study examined the influence of a spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)) outbreak on a boreal mixed-wood bird community in forest stands ranging in age from 0 to 223 yr. We asked if (1) patterns of species response were consistent with the existence of spruce budworm specialists, i.e., species that respond in a stronger quantitative or qualitative way than other species; (2) the superabundance of food made it possible for species to expand their habitat use in age classes that were normally less used; and (3) the response to budworm was limited to specialists or was it more widespread. Results here indicated that three species, specifically the Bay-breasted Warbler (Dendroica castanea), Tennessee Warbler (Vermivora peregrina), and Cape May Warbler (Dendroica tigrina), had a larger numerical response to the budworm outbreak. They responded with increases in density of up to tenfold over 4 or 5 yr. No other species responded with more than a twofold increase in the same time period. These species also showed a functional response by breeding more frequently in young stands aged 1–21 yr and intermediate stands aged 22–36 yr as budworm numbers increased. Our data also suggested that many species profited to a lesser extent from budworm outbreaks, but that this effect may be too subtle to detect in most studies. We found evidence of a positive numerical effect in at least 18 additional species in one or two stand-age categories but never in all three for any one species. Given the numerical response in many species and the potential influence of budworm on bird populations because of the vast extent of outbreaks, we believe that the population cycle of spruce budworm should be considered in any evaluation of population trends in eastern boreal birds.

Enhanced phytoextraction: In search of EDTA alternatives

Enhanced phytoextraction proposes the use of soil amendments to increase the heavy-metal content of above-ground harvestable plant tissues. This study compares the effect of synthetic aminopolycarboxylic acids [ethylenediamine tetraacetatic acid (EDTA), nitriloacetic acid (NTA), and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)] with a number of biodegradable, low-molecular weight, organic acids (citric acid, ascorbic acid, oxalic acid, salicylic acid, and NH4 acetate) as potential soil amendments for enhancing phytoextraction of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Ni) by Zea mays. The treatments in this study were applied at a dose of 2 mmol/kg(-1) 1 d before sowing. To compare possible effects between presow and postgermination treatments, a second smaller experiment was conducted in which EDTA, citric acid, and NH4 acetate were added 10 d after germination as opposed to 1 d before sowing. The soil used in this screening was a moderately contaminated topsoil derived from a dredged sediment disposal site. This site has been in an oxidized state for more than 8 years before being used in this research. The high carbonate, high organic matter, and high clay content characteristic to this type of sediment are thought to suppress heavy-metal phytoavailability. Both EDTA and DTPA resulted in increased levels of heavy metals in the above-ground biomass. However, the observed increases in uptake were not as large as reported in the literature. Neither the NTA nor organic acid treatments had any significant effect on uptake when applied prior to sowing. This was attributed to the rapid mineralization of these substances and the relatively low doses applied. The generally low extraction observed in this experiment restricts the use of phytoextraction as an effective remediation alternative under the current conditions, with regard to amendments used, applied dose (2 mmol/kg(-1) soil), application time (presow), plant species (Zea mays), and sediment (calcareous clayey soil) under study.