Investigation of Steel-Stringer Bridges: Superstructures and Substructures, Volume I, TR-522, 2007

There are hundreds of structurally deficient or functionally obsolete bridges in the state of Iowa. With the majority of these bridges located on rural county roads where there is limited funding available to replace the bridges, diagnostic load testing can be utilized to determine the actual load carrying capacity of the bridge. One particular family or fleet of bridges that has been determined to be desirable for load testing consists of single-span bridges with non-composite, cast-in-place concrete decks, steel stringers, and timber substructures. Six bridges with poor performing superstructure and substructure from the aforementioned family of bridges were selected to be load tested. The six bridges were located on rural roads in five different counties in Iowa: Boone, Carroll, Humboldt, Mahaska, and Marshall. Volume I of this report focuses on evaluating the superstructure for this family of bridges. This volume discusses the behavior characteristics that influence the load carrying capacity of this fleet of bridges. In particular, the live load distribution, partial composite action, and bearing restraint were investigated as potential factors that could influence the bridge ratings. Implementing fleet management practices, the bridges were analyzed to determine if the load test results could be predicted to better analyze previously untested bridges. For this family of bridges it was found that the ratings increased as a result of the load testing demonstrating a greater capacity than determined analytically. Volume II of this report focuses on evaluating the timber substructure for this family of bridges. In this volume, procedures for detecting pile internal decay using nondestructive ultrasonic stress wave techniques, correlating nondestructive ultrasonic stress wave techniques to axial compression tests to estimate deteriorated pile residual strength, and evaluating load distribution through poor performing timber substructure elements by instrumenting and load testing the abutments of the six selected bridges are discussed. Also, in this volume pile repair methods for restoring axial and bending capacities of pile are developed and evaluated.

Development of LRFD Procedures for Bridge Pile Foundations in Iowa Volume III: Recommended Resistance Factors with Consideration of Construction Control and Setup, TR-584, 2012

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) mandated utilizing the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) approach for all new bridges initiated in the United States after October 1, 2007. As a result, there has been a progressive move among state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) toward an increased use of the LRFD in geotechnical design practices. For the above reasons, the Iowa Highway Research Board (IHRB) sponsored three research projects: TR-573, TR-583 and TR-584. The research information is summarized in the project web site (http://srg.cce.iastate.edu/lrfd/). Two reports of total four volumes have been published. Report volume I by Roling et al. (2010) described the development of a user-friendly and electronic database (PILOT). Report volume II by Ng et al. (2011) summarized the 10 full-scale field tests conducted throughout Iowa and data analyses. This report presents the development of regionally calibrated LRFD resistance factors for bridge pile foundations in Iowa based on reliability theory, focusing on the strength limit states and incorporating the construction control aspects and soil setup into the design process. The calibration framework was selected to follow the guidelines provided by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), taking into consideration the current local practices. The resistance factors were developed for general and in-house static analysis methods used for the design of pile foundations as well as for dynamic analysis methods and dynamic formulas used for construction control. The following notable benefits to the bridge foundation design were attained in this project: 1) comprehensive design tables and charts were developed to facilitate the implementation of the LRFD approach, ensuring uniform reliability and consistency in the design and construction processes of bridge pile foundations; 2) the results showed a substantial gain in the factored capacity compared to the 2008 AASHTO-LRFD recommendations; and 3) contribution to the existing knowledge, thereby advancing the foundation design and construction practices in Iowa and the nation.

The management and logistics of blood banking : conference proceedings, volume III, June 1-2, 1978, Washington, D. C. /

Volume I, with the title, The logistics of blood transfusion therapy, is the proceedings of the first two symposia presented in 1974-75; volume II is the proceedings of the 1977 conference.

Postais azulejados. Decoração azulejar figurativa nas estações ferroviárias portuguesas

A presente tese procura estudar a história, evolução programática e iconografia do conjunto de programas decorativos azulejares encomendados a partir de 1905 para as estações de caminho de ferro portuguesas, num total de meia centena (correspondendo a cerca de quinhentos painéis) dispersa por quase todo o país, a maioria decorada até ao início da década de 1940. Transversal a regiões, encomendadores e cronologias, reproduziu-se massivamente um Portugal ruralizado, de paisagens bucólicas, monumentos de pedra e camponeses trabalhando nas terras ou apascentando rebanhos. Mais do que mera decoração, estes painéis procuravam captar a atenção de locais e forasteiros, numa mostra simultaneamente etnográfica e de promoção turística, concorrendo para a consolidação da figuração no azulejo da primeira metade do século XX. Pretendeu-se com este trabalho traçar, pela primeira vez, a história da azulejaria ferroviária portuguesa, procurando perceber quais as características destes programas e de que modo evoluiram e se encontram interligados entre si. Procedeu-se igualmente ao estudo iconográfico das mais representativas temáticas representadas, através de sua contextualização na arte portuguesa do período entre 1830 e 1940. Paralelamente foi feito um levantamento de todas as estações com decoração figurativa, que se concretizou na construção de fichas de inventário individuais, constantes do Volume II.

Report of the Expert Group on Resource Allocation and Financing in the Health Sector

  Report of the Expert Group on Resource Allocation and Financing in the Health Sector Download this document (PDF 4.77mb) Alternatively, there is a lower resolution version available (PDF 2.31mb) Related Documents Resource Allocation, Financing and Sustainability in Health Care Evidence for the Expert Group on Resource Allocation and Financing in the Health Sector (Volume I) – PDF, 4.25mbAlternatively, a Lower Resolution version is available – PDF, 2.23mb Resource Allocation, Financing and Sustainability in Health Care Evidence for the Expert Group on Resource Allocation and Financing in the Health Sector (Volume II) – PDF 4.87mbAlternatively, a Lower Resolution version is available – PDF, 2.65mb Presentation by Professor, Frances Ruane Director , ESRI and Chair of the Expert Group. PDF 235KB Presentation by Professor Charles Normand, a member of the Expert Group. PDF 32KB

[Illustrations de Traité élémentaire de chimie, présenté dans un ordre nouveau et d'après les découvertes modernes, avec figures] / Paulze Lavoisier, grav. ; Antoine Laurent de Lavoiser, aut. du texte

Comprend : [Volume I. Bandeau au folio A : instruments de chimie, compas, sphère armillaires et globes terrestres, engins élévateurs.] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. 1 à la fin du volume II : instruments de chimie. Mortiers, passoirs, râpes etc...] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. II à la fin du volume II : instruments de chimie. Entonnoirs, fioles, bouteilles, terrines de grès, grand cuvier, chaudron...] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. III à la fin du volume II : instruments de chimie. Chauffeau, distillateurs, flacons, capsules de verre, cucurbite de verre ou de grès etc...] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. IV à la fin du volume II : instruments de chimie. Chauffeau, distillateurs, flacons, alambic, cornue de verre tubulée, ballons de verre blanc ou de cristal, appareil ou colonne au mercure, matras à cul-plat dit Enfer de Boyle etc...] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. VI à la fin du volume II : matériel de chimie. Cuve ou distillateur...] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. VII à la fin du volume II : matériel de chimie. Cuves, cornue tubulée, fourneau et bombonesetc...] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. VIII à la fin du volume II : matériel de chimie. Gazomètre.] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. IX à la fin du volume II Partie 1 : matériel de chimie. Distillateur. Cornues. Ballons. Serpentin. Lampe à esprit-de-vin à la Quinquet.] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. IX à la fin du volume II Partie 2 : matériel de chimie. Distillateur. Cornues. Ballons. Serpentin. Lampe à esprit-de-vin à la Quinquet.] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. X à la fin du volume II Partie 1 : matériel de chimie pour les fermentations vineuses et putrides. Distillateur. Cornues. Ballons. Grand matras, virole de cuivre etc...] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. X à la fin du volume II Partie 2 : matériel de chimie pour les fermentations vineuses et putrides. Distillateur. Cornues. Ballons. Grand matras, virole de cuivre etc...] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. XI à la fin du volume II Partie 1 : matériel de chimie. Distillateur. Serpentin. Tube déliquescent. Cornues. Gazomètre.] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. XI à la fin du volume II Partie 2 : matériel de chimie. Distillateur. Serpentin. Tube déliquescent. Cornues. Gazomètre.] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179] ; [pl. dépl. XIII à la fin du volume II : matériel de chimie. Fourneaux de réverbère. Bain de sable sous une couverture de terre cuite. Soufflet. Cornues.] [Cote : R 17237-17238/Microfilm R 132983 et 122179]

Shelby County : a sociological study, 1904.

This study was written by John J. Louis and reprinted from volume II, numbers 1 and 2 of the Iowa journal of history and politics [Jan.-Apr.1904]. It examines the component society of Shelby County with reference to its social structure.

Integration of Bridge Damage Detection Concepts and Components (3 volumes), TR-636, 2013

This work is divided into three volumes: Volume I: Strain-Based Damage Detection; Volume II: Acceleration-Based Damage Detection; Volume III: Wireless Bridge Monitoring Hardware. Volume I: In this work, a previously-developed structural health monitoring (SHM) system was advanced toward a ready-for-implementation system. Improvements were made with respect to automated data reduction/analysis, data acquisition hardware, sensor types, and communication network architecture. The statistical damage-detection tool, control-chart-based damage-detection methodologies, were further investigated and advanced. For the validation of the damage-detection approaches, strain data were obtained from a sacrificial specimen attached to the previously-utilized US 30 Bridge over the South Skunk River (in Ames, Iowa), which had simulated damage,. To provide for an enhanced ability to detect changes in the behavior of the structural system, various control chart rules were evaluated. False indications and true indications were studied to compare the damage detection ability in regard to each methodology and each control chart rule. An autonomous software program called Bridge Engineering Center Assessment Software (BECAS) was developed to control all aspects of the damage detection processes. BECAS requires no user intervention after initial configuration and training. Volume II: In this work, a previously developed structural health monitoring (SHM) system was advanced toward a ready-for-implementation system. Improvements were made with respect to automated data reduction/analysis, data acquisition hardware, sensor types, and communication network architecture. The objective of this part of the project was to validate/integrate a vibration-based damage-detection algorithm with the strain-based methodology formulated by the Iowa State University Bridge Engineering Center. This report volume (Volume II) presents the use of vibration-based damage-detection approaches as local methods to quantify damage at critical areas in structures. Acceleration data were collected and analyzed to evaluate the relationships between sensors and with changes in environmental conditions. A sacrificial specimen was investigated to verify the damage-detection capabilities and this volume presents a transmissibility concept and damage-detection algorithm that show potential to sense local changes in the dynamic stiffness between points across a joint of a real structure. The validation and integration of the vibration-based and strain-based damage-detection methodologies will add significant value to Iowa’s current and future bridge maintenance, planning, and management Volume III: In this work, a previously developed structural health monitoring (SHM) system was advanced toward a ready-for-implementation system. Improvements were made with respect to automated data reduction/analysis, data acquisition hardware, sensor types, and communication network architecture. This report volume (Volume III) summarizes the energy harvesting techniques and prototype development for a bridge monitoring system that uses wireless sensors. The wireless sensor nodes are used to collect strain measurements at critical locations on a bridge. The bridge monitoring hardware system consists of a base station and multiple self-powered wireless sensor nodes. The base station is responsible for the synchronization of data sampling on all nodes and data aggregation. Each wireless sensor node include a sensing element, a processing and wireless communication module, and an energy harvesting module. The hardware prototype for a wireless bridge monitoring system was developed and tested on the US 30 Bridge over the South Skunk River in Ames, Iowa. The functions and performance of the developed system, including strain data, energy harvesting capacity, and wireless transmission quality, were studied and are covered in this volume.

Innovative Solutions for Slope Stability Reinforcement and Characterization: Vol. III, TR-489, 2005

Soil slope instability concerning highway infrastructure is an ongoing problem in Iowa, as slope failures endanger public safety and continue to result in costly repair work. Volume I of this current study summarizes research methods and findings, while Volume II provides procedural details for incorporating into practice an infrequently-used testing technique–borehole shear tests. Volume III of this study of field investigation of fifteen slopes in Iowa demonstrates through further experimental testing how lateral forces develop along stabilizing piles to resist slope movements. Results establish the feasibility of an alternative stabilization approach utilizing small-diameter pile elements. Also, a step-by-step procedure that can be used by both state and county transportation agencies to design slope reinforcement using slender piles is documented. Initial evidence of the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of stabilizing nuisance slope failures with grouted micropiles is presented. Employment of the remediation alternative is deemed more appropriate for stabilizing shallow slope failures. Overall, work accomplished in this research study included completing a comprehensive literature review on the state of the knowledge of slope stability and slope stabilization, the preparation and performance of fourteen full-scale pile load tests, the analysis of load test results, and the documentation of a design methodology for implementing the technology into current practices of slope stabilization. Recommendations for further research include monitoring pilot studies of slope reinforcement with grouted micropiles, supplementary experimental studies, and advanced numerical studies.

Feminiini, maskuliini, neutri : opintomatka kielten sukupuolittamisen ihmeelliseen maailmaan

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Análisis de las relaciones de cooperación política y económica entre Italia y Libia. Una aproximación desde el perfil de sus líderes Gadafi-Berlusconi

Con la elaboración y firma del tratado de amistad de 2009 en materia política y económica se puede evidenciar la infuencia del liderazgo transformacional y del liderazgo carismático que se le pueden atribuir tanto a Muhamar Gadafi como a Silvio Berlusconi, y que actúa como elemento que transforma los procesos de cooperación entre Italia y Libia a pesar del constreñimiento de la estructura sobre estos dos agentes. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar como las características de los líderes Muhamar Gadafi y Silvio Berlusconi ayudan a superar el constreñimiento de la estructura del sistema internacional e influyen en la cooperación política y económica por medio de la elaboración y firma del tratado de amistad entre Italia y Libia en el año 2009.

Derecho penal y la obligación de investigar y sancionar graves violaciones de derechos humanos y el derecho internacional humanitario -especial referencia a la sentencia de la corte constitucional colombiana c-579/13-

En el presente trabajo se analiza la obligación de investigar graves violaciones de Derechos Humanos y Derecho Internacional Humanitario, a la luz de la sentencia de la Corte Constitucional Colombiana referente a la constitucionalidad del Marco Jurídico para la paz. De la aparente remisión que hace la Corte Constitucional a la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos sobre el deber de investigar graves violaciones de Derechos Humanos y de Derecho Internacional Humanitario se concluye que la Corte Constitucional propone como premisa mayor una obligación que surge de una interpretación extensiva de la Convención Interamericana. De la misma forma, se estudia el tratamiento indebido del derecho aplicable a las amnistías e indultos, que se relaciona con la necesidad de evitar cualquier tipo de impunidad, cuyo concepto sirve para esclarecer cuáles son los estándares que se quiere proteger. Por último, se analiza el contexto al que se pretende aplicar dicha obligación, es decir, la justicia transicional, proponiendo un modelo interpretativo de los fines de la pena, y su aplicación por medio de la favorabilidad penal, para la justicia transicional, que sea acorde a la interpretación de la Convención Interamericana.