A Influência do Valor da Marca na Satisfação do Espetador em Eventos de Kickboxing

O objetivo do estudo é analisar a influência dos fatores da associação à marca na satisfação dos espetadores de kickboxing. Para tal, criou-se um questionário de acordo como modelo de Ross, Russell e Bang (2008) considerando-se o estudo de Kim, Andrew, e Greenwell (2009). Recolheram-se 252 questionários em eventos de kickboxing, dos quais214 foram validados. Após uma análise fatorial exploratória dos dados, identificou-se que os fatores organizadores, história, violência, restauração, combates, fãs, interação social, marca, sucesso do evento e apreciação estética são os que melhor explicam a associação à marca. Através da regressão linear verificou-se que os fatores de associação à marca têm um bom impacto na explicação da satisfação dos espetadores. Podemos destacar os fatores organizadores, história, restauração, combate, fãs, a interação social, marca e qualidades estéticas como explicativos da satisfação dos espetadores. Relativamente à análise sociodemográfica, verificou-se que não existem diferenças nos níveis de satisfação entre grupos. Alguns dos fatores de associação à marca que mais influenciaram a satisfação, como os de organizadores, fãs, história, interação social e sucesso do evento, tiveram diferenças de acordo com o género, habilitações literárias e se é ou não praticante da modalidade.

Variations in IB1/JIP1 expression regulate susceptibility of beta-cells to cytokine-induced apoptosis irrespective of C-Jun NH2-terminal kinase signaling.

We previously reported that interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) alone does not cause apoptosis of beta-cells, whereas when combined with gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), it exerts a distinct apoptotic effect. Studies in beta-cell lines indicated that IL-1beta reduced expression of islet brain (IB)-1/JNK interacting protein (JIP)-1, a JNK scaffold protein with antiapoptotic action. We examined whether variations in IB1/JIP-1 expression in purified primary beta-cells affect their susceptibility to cytokine-induced apoptosis. Exposure to IL-1beta for 24 h decreased cellular IB1/JIP-1 content by 66 +/- 17%; this IL-1beta effect was maintained in the presence of TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma, which did not influence IB1/JIP-1 levels by themselves. Addition of IL-1beta to TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma increased apoptosis from 20 +/- 2% to 59 +/- 5%. A similar increase in TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma-induced apoptosis was produced by adenoviral expression of antisense IB1/JIP-1 and was not further enhanced by addition of IL-1beta, indicating that IL-1beta-mediated suppression of IB1/JIP-1 in beta-cells increases their susceptibility to cytokine-induced apoptosis. However, adenovirally mediated overexpression of IB1/JIP-1 also potentiated TNF-alpha + IFN-gamma-induced apoptosis, suggesting that the antiapoptotic effect of IB1/JIP-1 depends on well-defined cellular levels. We conclude that the IB1/JIP-1 level in beta-cells can control their susceptibility to apoptosis independent of JNK signaling.

Valor de la producción pesquera maritima peruana en 1964 y 1965

Analiza estadísticas de desembarque para determinar el valor de la producción por especies en cada puerto; para la determinación del valor dela producción por especies se contó con las fuentes de información de los inspectores de Pesca del Instituto del mar, Capitanías de Puertos, Terminales Pesqueros de Lima y Callao y Oficina Sectorial de Planificación Pesquera.

Identification of infectious agents in onychomycoses by PCR-terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism.

A fast and reliable assay for the identification of dermatophyte fungi and nondermatophyte fungi (NDF) in onychomycosis is essential, since NDF are especially difficult to cure using standard treatment. Diagnosis is usually based on both direct microscopic examination of nail scrapings and macroscopic and microscopic identification of the infectious fungus in culture assays. In the last decade, PCR assays have been developed for the direct detection of fungi in nail samples. In this study, we describe a PCR-terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) assay to directly and routinely identify the infecting fungi in nails. Fungal DNA was easily extracted using a commercial kit after dissolving nail fragments in an Na(2)S solution. Trichophyton spp., as well as 12 NDF, could be unambiguously identified by the specific restriction fragment size of 5'-end-labeled amplified 28S DNA. This assay enables the distinction of different fungal infectious agents and their identification in mixed infections. Infectious agents could be identified in 74% (162/219) of cases in which the culture results were negative. The PCR-TRFLP assay described here is simple and reliable. Furthermore, it has the possibility to be automated and thus routinely applied to the rapid diagnosis of a large number of clinical specimens in dermatology laboratories.

Turismo: Os Segmentos de Maior Valor Económico para a Ilha de Santo Antão

A promoção do turismo de forma efectiva, exige a constante realização de pesquisas do mercado para conhecer o perfil da procura real. Assim, dever-se-á segmentar o mercado através de análise de elementos necessários à criação de planos de desenvolvimento turístico. Assim, este trabalho surge com objectivo de segmentar o mercado turístico da ilha de Santo Antão, a fim de identificar os segmentos de maior valor económico para o destino e, assim, proporcionar um importante instrumento de planeamento a nível local, regional e nacional. Neste sentido, fez-se uma revisão da literatura, debatendo temas como a delimitação económica do turismo, tanto do lado da procura como da oferta turística, as despesas no turismo e a segmentação do mercado turístico com base nas despesas dos visitantes. A análise foi feita tendo em conta as despesas efectuadas pelos visitantes e a identificação das diferenças existentes entre os segmentos segundo o perfil sóciodemográfico e económico, o comportamento em viagem e a avaliação e fidelização ao destino. O modelo de segmentação implementado na ilha de Santo Antão implicou que se recorresse tanto a dados secundários como primários, sendo inquiridos 260 visitantes no periodo compreendido entre 10 de Julho a 03 de Novembro de 2013. De acordo com a amostra calculada apenas 200 questionários foram utilizados nesta investigação. A aplicação do modelo à ilha de Santo Antão também permitiu identificar três diferentes segmentos em termos da sua importância económica para o destino, sendo estes os “Almejados”, os “Atenuados” e os “Exíguos”. Analisaram-se as diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os segmentos de acordo com as variáveis mencionadas e concluiu-se que o segmento “Almejados” é o mais atractivo economicamente para a ilha de Santo Antão. Posteriormente, foram apresentadas algumas linhas de investigação que possam alargar o âmbito do modelo proposto.

Special investigation of the Cedar Rapids Veterans Memorial Commission and Valor, Inc. (Valor) for the period January 1, 2006 through October 31, 2007

Special investigation of the Cedar Rapids Veterans Memorial Commission and Valor, Inc. (Valor) for the period January 1, 2006 through October 31, 2007

The C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Inhibition in Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Background: In intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a subtype of stroke, the bloodentry into the brain triggers toxicity resulting in a strong loss of neurons andinflammation. Water content is also increases leading to growing intracranial pressure,which worsens neurological outcome. C-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) areactivated in response to stress stimuli. Specific inhibition of JNK by a TAT-coupledpeptide (XG-102) mediates neuroprotection in several models of ischemic stroke.Recently, we have noted that the JNK pathway is also activated in a mouse modelof ICH, raising the question of the efficacy of XG-102 in this model.Method: ICH was induced in the mouse by intrastriatal injection of bacterialcollagenase (0,1U). Three hours later, animals received an i.v. injection of XG-102(100μg/kg). The neuroscore was assessed using a scale (from 0 to 9) based on 3behavioral tests performed daily. Then, mice were sacrificed at 6h, 24h, 48h and 5dafter ICH and histological studies performed.Results: XG-102 significantly improves neurological outcome at 24h (mean score:1,8±1.4 vs 3,4±1.8, p<0.01). Analysis of the lesion volume revealed a significantdecrease of the lesion area in the treated group at 48h (29±11 mm3 vs 39±5 mm3,p = 0.04). XG-102 mainly inhibits the edema component of the lesion. Indeed, asignificant decrease of the brain swelling was observed in treated animals at 48h(14±13% vs 26±9%, p=0.04) and 5d (-0,3±4.5% vs 5,1±3.6%, p=0.01).Conclusions: Inhibition of the JNK pathway by XG-102 appears to lead to asignificant decrease of the cerebral edema in the ICH model providing a furtherbeneficial effect of the XG-102 treatment. This result is of interest becausecurrently, clinical treatment for brain edema is limited. Importantly, the beneficialeffects observed with XG-102 in both stroke models open the possibility to rapidlytreat patients before identifying the stroke subtype by imaging.

River Barge Terminal Directory, July 2005

The Barge Terminal Directory has been prepared by the Iowa Department of Transportation’s Modal Division to provide quick access to information on Iowa’s river terminals and fleeting/harbor services. The information is to assist those who may need barge transportation services. The information in the directory was provided by the terminal operators. The Modal Division would appreciate any help on corrections, additions or deletions.

O EFEITO DA CONCORRÊNCIA NO CUMPRIMENTO DAS OBRIGAÇÕES FISCAIS EM SEDE DO IMPOSTO SOBRE O VALOR ACRESCENTADO UMA ABORDAGEM NO MUNICIPIO DA PRAIA NO PERIODO 2008 A 2012

A lei que regula o Imposto sobre o valor Acrescentado, estipula que os contribuintes tributados em IVA pelo regime simplificado, pagarão trimestralmente um imposto correspondente a 5% do volume de vendas efetuados durante esse período. Por outro lado, assiste-se reclamações dos contribuintes enquadrados nesse regime a reclamarem que caso pagassem o imposto estabelecido na Lei, este seria suportado sobre o seu rendimento, está obrigado a suportar o imposto na aquisição dos bens e serviços, e proibido de liquidar os mesmos aos seus clientes e deduzir, por forma a haver neutralidade a semelhança do contribuinte enquadrado no regime normal. Frente a essa situação despertou-nos o interesse em elaborar o presente estudo, como forma de analisar a real razão das reclamações, que se consubstancia na análise da situação em que os dois contribuinte operam, acabando por ficar demonstrado que no que tangem a taxa do IVA determinada pela Lei, num cenário da venda de um mesmo produto, se for vendido pelo contribuinte do regime normal o estado recebe os 15% fixados na Lei, enquanto caso for vendido pelo contribuinte do regime simplificado, o estado recebe equivalente a 20% do imposto. Também quanto aos produtos isentos, enquanto o contribuinte do regime normal não suporta nas aquisições dos bens e serviço e não liquida nas vendas ficando neutro, já no contribuinte do regime simplificado, para além de adquirir o produto nas mesmas condições que o contribuinte do regime normal, terá que pagar ao Estado em termos de imposto 5% do valor da venda, recaindo assim sobre as suas margens de lucro.

La relació entre el valor N30 de L'SPT i la resistència a la compressió simple

The unconfined compression strength is a geotechnical parameter frequently used to determine the bearing capacity of foundations on clayey soils. Its value can be obtained from the unconfined compression test and, among several in situ tests, the standard penetration test (SPT). However, a comparison between the values of such a strength determined by both tests in CL, CL-ML and CH soils shows that it does not exist an approximate relationship. In any case it is remarkable that values of the test conducted in the laboratory fit between the lower and the higher ones calculated from the standard penetration number. This is very important for those geotechnical reports in which the unconfined compression strength is only based on the SPT. In this way, if the lower value is taken to evaluate the ultimate soilbearing capacity the result will not be very accurate but it will probably be by the side of safety

Aspectos biológicos de tres invertebrados marinos de valor comercial. Crucero BIC Olaya 0305-06

Se trata sobre el calamar gigante, Dosidicus gigas; el calamar común, Loligo gahi y el camaroncito rojo o múnida, Pleuroncodes monodon. De los 76 lances de pesca, 12 fueron positivos para calamar gigante, con 716 kg, y utilizando la pinta se capturaron 95 kg; el rango de tallas o longitud del manto (LM) fue de 27 a 96 cm; se separaron en dos grupos: (1) <70 cm de LM y (2) >70 cm LM; predominaron los estadios reproductivos madurante para hembras y desovante para machos activos; la merluza peruana constituyó la presa principal. El calamar común presentó tallas con diferencia latitudinal; de mayor tamaño hacia el sur, con predominio de ejemplares pequeños e inmaduros en los 3° y 4°S. Del camaroncito rojo o múnida se hallaron individuos >35 mm de longitud de cefalotórax a partir de los 7°S.

Array-CGH in patients with a clinical diagnosis of Kabuki syndrome: identification of two cases with terminal 2q37 deletion and no other recurrent rearrangement

Background: Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by specific facial features, mild to moderate mental retardation, postnatal growth delay, skeletal abnormalities, and unusual dermatoglyphic patterns with prominent fingertip pads. A 3.5 Mb duplication at 8p23.1-p22 was once reported as a specific alteration in KS but has not been confirmed in other patients. The molecular basis of KS remains unknown. Methods: We have studied 16 Spanish patients with a clinical diagnosis of KS or KS-like to search for genomic imbalances using genome-wide array technologies. All putative rearrangements were confirmed by FISH, microsatellite markers and/or MLPA assays, which also determined whether the imbalance was de novo or inherited. Results: No duplication at 8p23.1-p22 was observed in our patients. We detected complex rearrangements involving 2q in two patients with Kabuki-like features: 1) a de novo inverted duplication of 11 Mb with a 4.5 Mb terminal deletion, and 2) a de novo 7.2 Mb-terminal deletion in a patient with an additional de novo 0.5 Mb interstitial deletion in 16p. Additional copy number variations (CNV), either inherited or reported in normal controls, were identified and interpreted as polymorphic variants. No specific CNV was significantly increased in the KS group. Conclusion: Our results further confirmed that genomic duplications of 8p23 region are not a common cause of KS and failed to detect other recurrent rearrangement causing this disorder. The detection of two patients with 2q37 deletions suggests that there is a phenotypic overlap between the two conditions, and screening this region in the Kabuki-like patients should be considered.

Subconjunctival Injection of XG-102, a c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Inhibitor Peptide, in the Treatment of Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis in Rats.

Abstract Purpose: XG-102, a TAT-coupled dextrogyre peptide inhibiting the c-Jun N-terminal kinase, was shown efficient in the treatment of experimental uveitis. Preclinical studies are now performed to determine optimal XG-102 dose and route of administration in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats with the purpose of clinical study design. METHODS: EIU was induced in Lewis rats by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) injection. XG-102 was administered at the time of LPS challenge by intravenous (IV; 3.2, 35 or 355 μg/injection), intravitreal (IVT; 0.08, 0.2 or 2.2 μg/eye), or subconjunctival (SCJ; 0.2, 1.8 or 22 μg/eye) routes. Controls received either the vehicle (saline) or dexamethasone phosphate injections. Efficacy was assessed by clinical scoring, infiltrating cells count, and expression of inflammatory mediators [inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1)]. The effect of XG-102 on phosphorylation of c-Jun was evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS: XG-102 demonstrated a dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect in EIU after IV and SCJ administrations. Respective doses of 35 and 1.8 μg were efficient as compared with the vehicle-injected controls, but only the highest doses, respectively 355 and 22 μg, were as efficient as dexamethasone phosphate. After IVT injections, the anti-inflammatory effect of XG-102 was clinically evaluated similar to the corticoid's effect with all the tested doses. Regardless of the administration route, the lowest efficient doses of XG-102 significantly decreased the ration of phospho c-Jun/total c-Jun, reduced cells infiltration in the treated eyes, and significantly downregulated iNOS and CINC-1 expression in the retina. CONCLUSION: These results confirm that XG-102 peptide has potential for treating intraocular inflammation. SCJ injection appears as a good compromise to provide a therapeutic effect while limiting side effects.