Further investigation of the initial fission-track length and geometry factor in apatite fission-track thermochronology

The external detector method (EDM) is a widely used technique in fission track thermochronology (FTT) in which two different minerals are concomitantly employed: spontaneous tracks are observed in apatite and induced ones in the muscovite external detector. They show intrinsic differences in detection and etching properties that should be taken into account. In this work, new geometry factor values, g, in apatite, were obtained by directly measuring the ρed/ρis ratios and independently determined [GQR]ed/is values through the measurement of projected lengths. Five mounts, two of which were large area prismatic sections and three samples composed of random-orientation pieces have been used to determine the g-values. A side effect of applying EDM is that the value of the initial confined induced fission track, L0, is not measured in routine analyses. The L 0-value is an important parameter to quantify with good confidence the degree of annealing of the spontaneous fission tracks in unknown-age samples, and is essential for accurate thermal history modeling. The impact of using arbitrary L0-values on the inference of sample thermal history is investigated and discussed. The measurement of the L0-value for each sample to be dated using an extra irradiated apatite mount is proposed. This extra mount can be also used for determining the g value as an extension of the ρed/ρis ratio method. Eight apatite samples from crystalline basement, with grains at random orientation, were used to determine the g-values. The results found are statistically in agreement with the values found for apatite samples (from Durango, Mexico) measured in prismatic section and also measured at random orientation. There was no observable variation in efficiency regarding crystal orientation, showing that it is relatively safe using non-prismatic grains, especially in samples with paucity of grains, as it is the case of most basin samples. Implications for the ζ-calibration and for the calibration of the direct (spectrometer-based) fission-track dating are also discussed.

Evolution of the South Atlantic passive continental margin in southern Brazil derived from zircon and apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He and fission-track data

The area between São Paulo and Porto Alegre in southeastern Brazil plays a key area to understand and quantify the evolution of the South Atlantic passive continental margin (SAPCM) in Brazil. In this contribution, we present new thermochronological data attained by fission-track and (U-Th-Sm)/He analysis on apatites and zircons from metamorphic, sedimentary and intrusive rocks. The zircon fission-track ages range between 108.4 (15.0) and 539.9 (68.4). Ma, the zircon (U-Th-Sm)/He ages between 72.9 (5.8) and 525.1(2.4). Ma, whereas the apatite fission-track ages range between 40.0 (5.3) and 134.7 (8.0). Ma, and the apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He ages between 32.1 (1.5) and 93.0 (2.5). Ma. The spatial distribution of these ages shows three distinct blocks with a different evolution cut by old fracture zones. While the central block exhibits an old stable block, the Northern and especially the Southern block underwent complex post-rift exhumation. The sample of the Northern block shows two distinct cooling phases in the Upper Cretaceous and the Paleogene to Neogene. After sedimentation of the Permian sandstones the samples of the Central block were never heated up over 100. °C with a following moderate to fast cooling phase in Cretaceous to Eocene time and a fast cooling between Oligocene to Miocene. The five thermal models obtained in the Southern block indicate a complex evolution with three cooling phases. The exhumation events of the three blocks correspond with the Paraná-Etendekka event, the alkaline intrusions due to the Trinidad hotspot, and the evolution of the continental rift basins in SE Brazil and are, therefore, most likely to be the major force for the post-rift evolution of the passive continental margin in SE Brazil, which therefore corresponds to the three main phases of the Andean orogeny. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Capital flows to Latin America: first quarter 2003

Includes bibliography

Análise comparativa do uso da tabela fonética do português brasileiro cantado por cantores argentinos com e sem o uso de um recurso áudio visual

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Prevention of Money Laundering and of the Financing of Terrorism to Ensure the Integrity of Financial Markets in Latin America and the Caribbean

This paper reviews the current status of the international fight against money laundering and the financing of terrorism, highlighting the importance of its prevention for economic and financial stability in Latin America and the Caribbean. It synthesizes the recent history of international legislation and agreements with respect to the issues, and presents the framework of public and private sector actors engaged in combating these threats. It reviews Latin American and Caribbean countries’ compliance with the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) (40 + 9) Recommendations, and analyzes the region’s performance with respect to their third round Mutual Evaluation Reports.

Palavras sagradas, rimas e experiências: uma tentativa de compreensão sobre cristianismo pentecostal, rap e Antropologia

Baseado na pesquisa desenvolvida junto ao rap gospel/cristão evangélico em Belém do Pará, pude reunir dados que me levaram a refletir sobre questões gerais da antropologia. Desta forma, estruturei a dissertação na perpectiva de uma compilação de ensaios que tratam da questão de como é possivel a utilização da subjetividade, na construção do texto etnográfico. Esta subjetividade (minha e de meus manos do hip hop) emerge do que chamei de experiências, ou, os encontros no campo entre pesquisador, intermediários, interlocutores e informantes. Para a exposição da análise em si, sobre este sistema cultural (rap gospel), em forma de compreensão e interpretação, me vali da analogia com a composição, produção e gravação de um cd, na verdade, é como se cada ensaio contido aqui, constituísse uma faixa do disco Palavras Sagradas, rimas e experiências: Uma tentativa de compreensão sobre cristianismo pentecostal, rap e antropologia, do mc e antropólogo Bruno “B.O.” Borda, com uma faixa bônus inclusive. O rap rap gospel/cristão evangélico proporcionou-me reflexões sobre religião, juventude e relações raciais por um lado, e epistemologia, metodologia e arte por outro, fazendo com que eu apresentasse este trabalho com vistas muito mais de incitação ao questionamento e a dúvida, no melhor estilo filosófico, mantendo o rítimo e a poesia, para propiciar uma leitura mista, que atinja parceiros antropólogos e aliados hip hoppers, no mínimo.

Planejamento para minimização de fatores de riscos relacionados a descargas elétricas em programas de habitação e urbanização no Estado do Pará

A casa própria representa a segurança familiar para muitos brasileiros. É um bem durável e transferível, por isso é necessário maximizar a segurança para a prevenção de acidentes que envolvem pessoas ou a estrutura. Diminuir o déficit habitacional é parte da missão dos programas habitacionais do Brasil. Como estes são financiados com dinheiro público, também está definida segurança elétrica do imóvel. As estatísticas nacionais indicam que os acidentes elétricos podem culminar em situações graves e irreversíveis. Diante do contexto, o planejamento para minimização de fatores de riscos relacionados as descargas elétricas nas unidades residenciais dos programas de habitação e urbanização no Estado do Pará se justifica. Neste trabalho, são discutidas as circunstâncias dos acidentes elétricos no Estado do Pará, com o objetivo de direcionar as medidas de prevenção e recomendações técnicas de segurança elétrica para as habitações populares. Uma amostra foi propositalmente escolhida, entre os empreendimentos da provisão habitacional do PAC Fase 1 e do PMCMV Faixa 1 localizados nos municípios de Belém e Santa Isabel do Pará, para ser o objeto de estudo, por representar as necessidades elétricas de uma grande metrópole e de um município com menos de setenta mil habitantes. A instrumentação do questionário sobre “Fatores de Riscos Elétricos” aos beneficiários de moradias populares, no mínimo, com um ano de residência, entre os meses de outubro e dezembro de 2013, permitiu a discussão dos resultados relacionados à verificação dos projetos elétricos residenciais e a análise das circunstâncias de ocorrência de acidentes elétricos no Pará (período retroativo de dez anos). Resultando em recomendações técnicas sobre segurança elétrica residencial, para a qual se considerou a revisão da literatura e as características econômicas e socioambientais da Região Amazônica. Durante a análise técnica não foram encontradas não conformidades graves com as NBR 5410:2004 e NBR 5419:2005, mas ficou evidente a necessidade pensar em modelos habitacionais personalizados, principalmente, os projetos de segurança elétrica que consideram as necessidades e características socioambientais da Região Amazônica.

Comparing support vector machines and artificial neural networks in the recognition of steering angle for driving of mobile robots through paths in plantations

The use of mobile robots turns out to be interesting in activities where the action of human specialist is difficult or dangerous. Mobile robots are often used for the exploration in areas of difficult access, such as rescue operations and space missions, to avoid human experts exposition to risky situations. Mobile robots are also used in agriculture for planting tasks as well as for keeping the application of pesticides within minimal amounts to mitigate environmental pollution. In this paper we present the development of a system to control the navigation of an autonomous mobile robot through tracks in plantations. Track images are used to control robot direction by pre-processing them to extract image features. Such features are then submitted to a support vector machine and an artificial neural network in order to find out the most appropriate route. A comparison of the two approaches was performed to ascertain the one presenting the best outcome. The overall goal of the project to which this work is connected is to develop a real time robot control system to be embedded into a hardware platform. In this paper we report the software implementation of a support vector machine and of an artificial neural network, which so far presented respectively around 93% and 90% accuracy in predicting the appropriate route. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and peer review under responsibility of the organizers of the 2013 International Conference on Computational Science

Using phenological cameras to track the green up in a cerrado savanna and its on-the-ground validation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy Characterizations of Fission Track Method Datable Zircon Grains

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Differentiation of deer species of the genus Mazama by track morphometry

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Description and performance of track and primary-vertex reconstruction with the CMS tracker

A description is provided of the software algorithms developed for the CMS tracker both for reconstructing charged-particle trajectories in proton-proton interactions and for using the resulting tracks to estimate the positions of the LHC luminous region and individual primary-interaction vertices. Despite the very hostile environment at the LHC, the performance obtained with these algorithms is found to be excellent. For t (t) over bar events under typical 2011 pileup conditions, the average track-reconstruction efficiency for promptly-produced charged particles with transverse momenta of p(T) > 0.9GeV is 94% for pseudorapidities of vertical bar eta vertical bar < 0.9 and 85% for 0.9 < vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.5. The inefficiency is caused mainly by hadrons that undergo nuclear interactions in the tracker material. For isolated muons, the corresponding efficiencies are essentially 100%. For isolated muons of p(T) = 100GeV emitted at vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1.4, the resolutions are approximately 2.8% in p(T), and respectively, 10 m m and 30 mu m in the transverse and longitudinal impact parameters. The position resolution achieved for reconstructed primary vertices that correspond to interesting pp collisions is 10-12 mu m in each of the three spatial dimensions. The tracking and vertexing software is fast and flexible, and easily adaptable to other functions, such as fast tracking for the trigger, or dedicated tracking for electrons that takes into account bremsstrahlung.

Acesso a dados financeiros da gestão da saúde pública: uma análise do sítio do Datasus

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Effects of railway track vibration induced by passing trains on an energy harvesting device

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

A inserção social do banco dos cocais no município de São João do Arraial - PI

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE