Abundance and exploitation of loggerhead turtles nesting in Boa Vista Island, Cape Verde: The only substantial rookery in the eastern Atlantic.

[EN] The main nesting area for loggerhead turtles in the eastern Atlantic is in the Cape Verde Islands, largely restricted to the island of Boa Vista. Extensive monitoring demonstrated a globally significant population for the species despite a sustained high level of anthropogenic take of nesting females for local consumption. Through an extensive stratified monitoring program across the island in the seasons 2007-2009, we estimated a total of 13955, 12028 and 19950 clutches in the 3 years, respectively. These values indicate that the mean number of nesting females averaged 3700. Considering that a female breed, on average, every 2.4 years, we estimate that the overall number of adult females in the population during these three seasons was 8900.

Child Sexual Exploitation in Northern Ireland Report of the Independent Inquiry (PDF 2.73MB)

Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE), led by Kathleen Marshall In September 2013, a Ministerial Summit was held on the theme of child sexual exploitation (CSE) in Northern Ireland. The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) referred to Operation Owl, an investigation of allegations of CSE in Northern Ireland, which had resulted in a number of adults being interviewed and some being arrested. Two weeks later, the then Minister for Health, Social Services and Public Safety, Edwin Poots, announced three actions to address this issue: an ongoing PSNI investigation focusing on 22 children and young people; a thematic review of these cases by the Safeguarding Board for Northern Ireland (SBNI); and an independent, expert-led inquiry into CSE in Northern Ireland, to be commissioned by the Minister for Health, Social Services and Public Safety and the Minister of Justice. The Minister for Education agreed that the Education and Training Inspectorate (ETI) would enjoin the Inquiry in relation to schools and the effectiveness of the statutory curriculum with respect to CSE. The Inquiry was to focus on both children and young people living at home in the community and those living in care. This is an executive summary of the report of this Inquiry.    

Financial Exploitation Awareness & Resources, October 2, 2013

Information regarding financial exploitation, signs of exploitation, and some resources

Exploitation de l'analyse par graphes au niveau élémentaire en vue d'investigations du côté des attitudes et des habiletés logiques

L'école d'hier faisait de la grammaire et de l'analyse un usage prépondérant dans l'apprentissage de la langue. Une longue série de règles appliquées dans des exercices structurés préparait une certaine élite d'étudiants à "faire leurs humanités". Le temps passe, les choses évoluent, la grammaire se transforme. Lorsque nous avons commencé à enseigner au niveau élémentaire, les cours de grammaire et d'analyse ne différaient pas tellement de ceux des générations antérieures. Puis vinrent les années '70. Un programme cadre est instauré. Les maîtres endossent la responsabilité de la méthode utilisée et de son application. Une période d'instabilité se creuse, dont les élèves sont les plus grandes victimes. Nous atteignons la période critique où l'on constate que peu d'enfants maîtrisent leur orthographe d'usage à la fin de leur cours primaire. À qui imputer la faute? Devons-nous revenir à un enseignement systématique de la grammaire? Cette période nous aura permis de constater l'inefficacité de nos leçons traditionnelles en vue d'acquisitions orthographiques chez nos enfants; préférence accordée à l'induction des règles grammaticales usuelles; élimination des connaissances grammaticales inutiles aux besoins immédiats des élèves. Telle Tut notre option en ce qui concerne la grammaire. Mais que dire de l'analyse logique? […]

La pêche du vivaneau rouge en Guyane. Un bilan de l'exploitation sous le régime vénézuélien, des techniques de capture à adapter et à développer

En Guyane française , le vivaneau rouge (Lutjanus purpureus) est capturé par 3 flottilles, les ligneurs vénézuéliens, les caseyeurs antillais et les chalutiers crevettiers guyanais. Pour les crevettiers, il s'agit d'une capture accessoire inévitable, mais qui ne semble pas sans conséquences, puisque, si l'on tient compte de l'effectif total de la flottille, c'est 1 million à 1.5 millions de juvéniles qui sont pêchés (et souvent rejetés à la mer) annuellement par les crevettiers. Pour les ligneurs vénézuéliens qui pêchent 1200 tonnes, les individus de petite taille sont devenus prépondérants dans leurs captures. Ainsi dans la gamme de taille 20-30cm (125-425 grammes), on est passé, entre 1990 et 1998, de 37 000 poissons débarqués (6% de la capture) à 616 500 poissons (56% de la capture). La taille moyenne du vivaneau rouge débarqué est passée de 45 à 35 cm et son poids moyen de 1600 grammes à 700 grammes. Pour les caseyeurs, seuls deux armements (un du Larivot, l'autre du Robert), nous ont fourni quelques renseignements sur les activités et les débarquements de leurs navires. Les premières observations montrent que la composition de leurs captures en vivaneaux rouges ressemble à celle des ligneurs avec une tendance vers les petites tailles. Cependant cette tendance n'est pas aussi systématique que veulent bien le dire les détracteurs de la nasse à poissons. Leurs débarquements sont composés en nombre, pour moitié, de "vivaneaux tête ronde" (Rhomboplites aurorubens). On notera également que les caseyeurs rentabilisent leurs captures accessoires de mérous sur le marché antillais, alors que les ligneurs les rapatrient vers le Venezuela. Il existe une troisième espèce de vivaneau, le vivaneau rayé, Lutjanus synagris, capturé surtout par les chalutiers.

Impacts of oil exploration and exploitation activities on marine environment

Iran possess huge oil reservoir and occupies second place in OPEC. Recent investigation has revealed that reservoir capacity in the country amount to 60 billion barrel of oil. Many measures has been carried out to increase production capacity of oil fields to 4.2 million barrel per day. Thus any distribution in oil exploration may leave adverse effects on social and economic activities. Unfortunately due to absence of a comprehensive CPM on environmental impact assessment, lots of environmental distribution has been occurred in land and off-shore. It is well known that implementation of EIA can reduce environmental hazards. In the present investigation, all major and minor activities associated with oil exploration is identified and subsequently their effects on physical, chemical and biological environment (aquatic) has been brought out. In this context, economical, social and cultural effects of marine oil exploration is also discussed. Subsequently, all methods of EIA were studied and best mitigation plans were drawn up both for exploitation and exploration phases.

Estimation de l'exploitation halieutique des navires de pêche français. Façades « Manche » et « Atlantique »

Le présent rapport est une nouvelle version du rapport intitulé « Estimation de l’exploitation halieutique des navires de pêche français ». Il restitue les résultats des traitements des « données VMS » en offrant une précision spatiale accrue en matière d’occupation de l’espace marin, d’origine géographique des débarquements, et de dépendance des navires à certains secteurs de pêche.

Recent observations on the exploitation of the fish stocks of Lake Victoria, Uganda

The data from the able sources has been used in this paper to make observations on the exploitation of the fish stocks in Lake Victoria since 1981. The paper focuses on species composition of the catch, catch rates, average size of the individual fish landed and fish production. On the basis of these parameters and developments in the fishery, the paper also presents some observations and comments on the future prospects of the fish stocks in the lake.

Past and recent trends in the exploitation of the great lakes fisheries of Uganda

Uganda's fish production has shown a substantial increase from a level of 61,500 tonnes in 1961 to a total of 214,302 tonnes in 1988. During this period significant changes also occurred in species composition, fishing factors, and patterns of utilisation. This paper briefly summarises the fisheries of Uganda's great lakes and reviews past and present trends in their exploitation, as reflected in available catch and effort data collected through the Fisheries Department statistical reporting system.

On dangers to rational exploitation and development of the resources of the great lakes of Africa

The major dangers facing the resources of the Great Lakes of Africa include over exploitation, falling species diversity, accumulating pollution, and a probable decline in fishery productivity. These dangers may be viewed as accentuated by: i) Inadequate scientific knowledge on the exploited resources ii) Reluctance to apply even the limited scientific information available, by fishery administrators iii) Constant increase in the demand for fish and other aquatic resources. iv) Lack of commitment to active collaboration and co-operation by riparian states regarding development and management of the shared resources. This paper discusses the above factors in relation to the dangerous trends facing the resources of the Great Lakes of Africa. The discussion is intended to contribute to the promotion of rational and sustainable utilisation of the aquatic resources of these lakes.

The exploitation of small pelagic fishes of the great lakes of Africa with reference to the mukene (Rastrineobola argentea) fishery of the northern waters of Lake Victoria

Small pelagic fish species have ultimately become important on most of the Great Lakes of Africa, especially after the depletion of the larger, initially preferred fish species. In Lake Victoria, the small pelagic cyprinid Rastrineobola argentea is now the only abundant native species supporting a fast growing light fishery. In Pilkington Bay, off Lingira Island the artisanal light fishery is well established and in the last two years this bay has witnessed a sharp increase in the fishing effort. This has been followed by a modification of fishing method and a reduction in the mesh size of nets used. R. argentea now caught from this bay consist of mainly juveniles and this could result into localized recruitment overfishing. Drawing examples from what is happening to the fishery in Pilkington Bay, it is necessary to carry out research on the stocks, gear and suitable fishing crafts before light fishing spreads to most parts of the lake.

Towards balanced exploitation and management of the fishery resources of Uganda

A casual study of the hydrological map of Uganda would convince every serious fisherman and fisheater that he is most favoured to be in Uganda. The extent and distribution of the country's aquatic system plus the rich variety of fish species there is promises a fishery potential of considerable magnitude: The open waterways comprised by the Uganda portions of Lakes Victoria, Albert and Edward; and Lakes Kyoga, George plus minor lakes Wamala, Kijanebarora, mutanda, etc. occupy about 15% of the total surface area (91,000 m2; Depart. Land Survey, 1962). Most of the nation's fish supplies are currontly from this source. 1.2. A rich network of permanent and seasonal rivers and streams filling and/or emptying various water systems covers most of Uganda. This aquatic network is associated with a fish fauna whose immense significance as a source of protein is perhaps better appreciated by the local subsistance fisherman and consumer than by the fisheries scientist and manager in this country. Many species of this fish fauna have strong affinities with the open water systems while some are typically riverine. 1.3. Then there are wetlands composed mainly of expanses of swamp, but including some areas of bog. These cover about 2% of the country. While the variety of fish fauna found here is limited by the rather hostile nature of the environment (comparatively de-oxygenated under a canopy of dense stands of emergont vegetation) several specialised fishes e.g. Clarias spp. and Protpterus aethiopicus (Kamongo) occur here. Availability of permanent and seasonal sources of water, well distributed throughout most areas of Uganda, opens up immense potential for a variety of aquaculture practices. However, while active exploitation of much of these fishery resources is currently underway, important questions regarding the magnitudes of the various resource potentials and dynamics, and about suitable levels and modes of exploitation, are yet unanswered. These gaps in knowledge go about the fishery resources of Uganda would hinder formulation of adequate development and management schemes. This short paper examines some of the above problems and suggests some approaches towards balanced oxploitation and management of the fisheries of Uganda.