DEVELOPMENT OF MICROSATELLITE MARKERS FOR QUALEA GRANDIFLORA (VOCHYSIACEAE), A TYPICAL SPECIES OF THE BRAZILIAN CERRADO

Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed to investigate genetic diversity and population structure of Qualea grandiflora, a typical species of the Brazilian cerrado. Methods and Results: Eight microsatellite loci were isolated using an enrichment cloning protocol. These loci were tested on a population of 110 individuals of Q. grandiflora collected from a cerrado fragment in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The loci polymorphism ranges from seven to 19 alleles and the average heterozygosity value is 0.568, while the average polymorphic information content is 0.799. Conclusions: The developed markers were found to be highly polymorphic, indicating their applicability to studies of population genetic diversity in Q. grandiflora

Relationship between body image disturbance and incidence of depression: the SUN prospective cohort

[EN] Background: Body image disturbance is an increasing problem in Western societies and is associated with a number of mental health outcomes including anorexia, bulimia, body dysmorphia, and depression. The aim of this study was to assess the association between body image disturbance and the incidence of depression. Methods: This study included 10,286 participants from a dynamic prospective cohort of Spanish university graduates, who were followed-up for a median period of 4.2 years (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra – the SUN study). The key characteristic of the study is the permanently open recruitment that started in 1999. The baseline questionnaire included information about body mass index (BMI) and the nine figure schemes that were used to assess body size perception. These variables were grouped according to recommended classifications and the difference between BMI and body size perception was considered as a proxy of body image disturbance. A subject was classified as an incident case of depression if he/she was initially free of depression and reported a physician-made diagnosis of depression and/or the use of antidepressant medication in at least one of the follow-up questionnaires. The association between body image disturbance and the incidence of depression was estimated by calculating the multivariable adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) and its 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI), using logistic regression models. Results: The cumulative incidence of depression during follow-up in the cohort was 4.8%. Men who underestimated their body size had a high percentage of overweight and obesity (50.1% and 12.6%, respectively), whereas women who overestimated their body size had a high percentage of underweight (87.6%). The underestimation exhibited a negative association with the incidence of depression among women (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.54 – 0.95), but this effect disappeared after adjusting for possible confounding variables. The proportion of participants who correctly perceived their body size was high (53.3%) and gross misperception was seldom found, with most cases selecting only one silhouette below (42.7%) or above (2.6%) their actual BMI. Conclusion: We found no association between body image disturbance and subsequent depression in a cohort of university graduates in Spain.

Efecto de la ingesta de cinc en los niveles séricos-plasmáticos, en el crecimiento y en el desarrollo neurológico en los lactantes : metaanálisis

Programa de doctorado: Salud pública: epidemiología, planificación y nutrición

Factores dietéticos asociados a la calidad de vida en el proyecto SUN

Programa de doctorado: Salud pública (epidemiología, planificación y nutrición)

Influencia de un patrón de dieta mediterránea en la distribución de la grasa corporal en pacientes canarios con riesgo cardiovascular

Programa de doctorado: Salud pública (epidemilogía, planificación y nutrición)

Astroparticle physics with nuclear track detectors

This thesis is mainly about the search for exotic heavy particles -Intermediate Mass Magnetic Monopoles, Nuclearites and Q-balls with the SLIM experiment at the Chacaltaya High Altitude Laboratory (5230 m, Bolivia), establishing upper limits (90% CL) in the absence of candidates, which are among the best if not the only one for all three kind of particles. A preliminary study of the background induced by cosmic neutron in CR39 at the SLIM site, using Monte Carlo simulations. The measurement of the elemental abundance of the primary cosmic ray with the CAKE experiment on board of a stratospherical balloon; the charge distribution obtained spans in the range 5≤Z≤31. Both experiments were based on the use of plastic Nuclear Track Detectors, which records the passage of ionizing particles; by using some chemical reagents such passage can be make visible at optical microscopes.

Biomechanics of meniscal horn attachments

Menisci are anchored to the tibia by means of ligament-like structures called meniscal attachments. Failure material properties of bovine meniscal attachments were obtained. There were no significant differences in the structural properties or ultimate stress between the meniscal attachments (p>0.05). Furthermore, Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) fraction and crimping frequency was obtained for each attachment using histology and differential interference contrast (DIC) respectively. Results showed that the anterior attachment’s insertion had the greatest GAG fraction when compared to the posterior attachment’s insertion. Crimp frequency of the collagen fibrils was homogeneous along the length. Moreover, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) technique was used to reveal the morphology of collagen in human meniscal attachments. Its midsubstance was composed of collagen fascicles running parallel to the longitudinal axis, with a few fibrils running obliquely, and others transversely. There were no differences between attachments for crimping angle or length. Since ligamentous-type tissues are comprised mainly of water, the fluid pressure within meniscal horn attachments was measured using a Fiber Optic Microsensor (FOM). Four cadaveric human joints were subjected to 2BW compressive load (ramp) at 0-, 15-, and 30-degrees of flexion for a minute and then the load was hold for 20 minutes (equilibrium). There were significant differences between 0- and 15- (p1– c5) were obtained. Significant differences were found on the straightened collagen fibers coefficient (c5) between MP and LA attachments (p

Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems: A Second Research Roadmap

The goal of this roadmap paper is to summarize the state-of-the-art and identify research challenges when developing, deploying and managing self-adaptive software systems. Instead of dealing with a wide range of topics associated with the field, we focus on four essential topics of self-adaptation: design space for self-adaptive solutions, software engineering processes for self-adaptive systems, from centralized to decentralized control, and practical run-time verification & validation for self-adaptive systems. For each topic, we present an overview, suggest future directions, and focus on selected challenges. This paper complements and extends a previous roadmap on software engineering for self-adaptive systems published in 2009 covering a different set of topics, and reflecting in part on the previous paper. This roadmap is one of the many results of the Dagstuhl Seminar 10431 on Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems, which took place in October 2010.

Clinical and microbiological aspects of linezolid resistance mediated by the cfr gene encoding a 23S rRNA methyltransferase.

The cfr (chloramphenicol-florfenicol resistance) gene encodes a 23S rRNA methyltransferase that confers resistance to linezolid. Detection of linezolid resistance was evaluated in the first cfr-carrying human hospital isolate of linezolid and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (designated MRSA CM-05) by dilution and diffusion methods (including Etest). The presence of cfr was investigated in isolates of staphylococci colonizing the patient's household contacts and clinical isolates recovered from patients in the same unit where MRSA CM-05 was isolated. Additionally, 68 chloramphenicol-resistant Colombian MRSA isolates recovered from hospitals between 2001 and 2004 were screened for the presence of the cfr gene. In addition to erm(B), the erm(A) gene was also detected in CM-05. The isolate belonged to sequence type 5 and carried staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec type I. We were unable to detect the cfr gene in any of the human staphylococci screened (either clinical or colonizing isolates). Agar and broth dilution methods detected linezolid resistance in CM-05. However, the Etest and disk diffusion methods failed to detect resistance after 24 h of incubation. Oxazolidinone resistance mediated by the cfr gene is rare, and acquisition by a human isolate appears to be a recent event in Colombia. The detection of cfr-mediated linezolid resistance might be compromised by the use of the disk diffusion or Etest method.

Acquisition of a natural resistance gene renders a clinical strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus resistant to the synthetic antibiotic linezolid.

Linezolid, which targets the ribosome, is a new synthetic antibiotic that is used for treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive pathogens. Clinical resistance to linezolid, so far, has been developing only slowly and has involved exclusively target site mutations. We have discovered that linezolid resistance in a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus hospital strain from Colombia is determined by the presence of the cfr gene whose product, Cfr methyltransferase, modifies adenosine at position 2503 in 23S rRNA in the large ribosomal subunit. The molecular model of the linezolid-ribosome complex reveals localization of A2503 within the drug binding site. The natural function of cfr likely involves protection against natural antibiotics whose site of action overlaps that of linezolid. In the chromosome of the clinical strain, cfr is linked to ermB, a gene responsible for dimethylation of A2058 in 23S rRNA. Coexpression of these two genes confers resistance to all the clinically relevant antibiotics that target the large ribosomal subunit. The association of the ermB/cfr operon with transposon and plasmid genetic elements indicates its possible mobile nature. This is the first example of clinical resistance to the synthetic drug linezolid which involves a natural resistance gene with the capability of disseminating among Gram-positive pathogenic strains.

Relocalización de los habitantes de la Villa Potrerillos

"Relocalización de los habitantes de la Villa Poterillos" es un documental que rescata la experiencia de los habitantes que tuvieron que dejar sus casas debido al proyecto de construcción del Dique Potrerillos en la zona. La hoy conocida por los habitantes de la provincia de Mendoza: Villa Potrerillos es la nueva comunidad en donde habitan. Este proyecto se impulsó durante la gestión del ex gobernador de la provincia de Mendoza Dr. Arturo Lafalla con el fin de aprovechar el recurso hídrico, como generador de energía eléctrica y también como emprendimiento turístico. Para llevarlo a cabo se debió reubicar a los ocupantes del lugar, sufriendo éstos grandes consecuencias en la vida y sus costumbres.

Relocalización de los habitantes de la Villa Potrerillos

"Relocalización de los habitantes de la Villa Poterillos" es un documental que rescata la experiencia de los habitantes que tuvieron que dejar sus casas debido al proyecto de construccion del Dique Potrerillos en la zona. La hoy conocida por los habitantes de la provincia de Mendoza: Villa Potrerillos es la nueva comunidad en donde habitan. Este proyecto se impulsó durante la gestión del ex gobernador de la provincia de Mendoza Dr. Arturo Lafalla con el fin de aprovechar el recurso hídrico, como generador de energía eléctrica y también como emprendimiento turístico. Para llevarlo a cabo se debió reubicar a los ocupantes del lugar, sufriendo éstos grandes consecuencias en la vida y sus costumbres.

Trabajos y experiencias

En este primer número se da a conocer las personas que integraban el CIFOT, su forma de organización, una síntesis de los trabajos de investigación desarrollados por sus miembros y otras actividades científicas y académicas. En el año 1993 arriba el experto integrado de la DSE Dr. Peter Thomas, momento en que se inician varios desarrollos de cooperación internacional en el área de investigación medio-ambiental, GIS, Teledetección y Ordenamiento Territorial, que son explicitados aquí.

Cooperación nacional e internacional universitaria

Cumplidos 500 años del descubrimiento de América, la Junta Andalucía (Universidades de Córdoba, Sevilla, Cádiz y Málaga), decide contactarse con Universidades Argentinas (Tucumán, Jujuy, Santiago del Estero, La Rioja; San Juan y Mendoza) para trabajar temas de la Región Andina Argentina , poblada por españoles desde siglo XVI. Cuyo cumple entonces un importante rol socioeconómico en la franja árida sudamericana por la fuerte vinculación con Capitanía General de Chile, con dependencia política del Alto Perú. La posterior inclusión de Cuyo en Virreinato del Río de la Plata (1756) significa una decadencia. Pasa a tener posición marginal, gran dependencia del mercado interno y del centralismo de Buenos Aires. La UNCuyo integra el equipo dirigido por la UNTucumán para llevar adelante el programa “Inventario de Recursos y Servicios para la Gestión y Planificación Regional de la Región Andina Argentina ", que consta de subproyectos que encaran las actividades agropecuarias e industrial, los sistemas de asentamientos, ordenamiento del territorio y población.