Evaluation of renal function in sickle cell disease patients in Brazil

The objective of this study was to investigate renal function in a cohort of 98 patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) followed up at a tertiary hospital in Brazil. Clinical and laboratory characteristics at the time of the most recent medical examination were analyzed. Renal function was evaluated by the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by the criteria of the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI). We compared patients with normal GFR to patients with decreased GFR (<60 mL·min-1·(1.73 m²)-1) and hyperfiltration (>120 mL·min-1·(1.73 m²)-1). Comparison between patients according to the use of hydroxyurea and comparison of clinical and laboratory parameters according to GFR were also carried out. Average patient age was 33.8 ± 13.3 years (range 19-67 years), and 57 (58.1%) patients were females. The comparison of patients according to GFR showed that patients with decreased GFR (<60 mL·min-1·(1.73 m²)-1) were older, had lower levels of hematocrit, hemoglobin and platelets and higher levels of urea and creatinine. Independent risk factors for decreased GFR were advanced age (OR = 21.6, P < 0.0001) and anemia (OR = 39.6, P < 0.0001). Patients with glomerular hyperfiltration tended to be younger, had higher levels of hematocrit, hemoglobin and platelets and lower levels of urea and creatinine, with less frequent urinary abnormalities. Hydroxyurea, at the dosage of 500-1000 mg/day, was being administered to 28.5% of the patients, and there was no significant difference regarding renal function between the two groups. Further studies are required to establish the best therapeutic approach to renal abnormalities in SCD.

In vitro and in vivo studies of pirarubicin-loaded SWNT for the treatment of bladder cancer

Intravesical chemotherapy is an important part of the treatment for superficial bladder cancer. However, the response to it is limited and its side effects are extensive. Functional single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) have shown promise for tumor-targeted accumulation and low toxicity. In the present study, we performed in vivo and in vitro investigations to determine whether SWNT-based drug delivery could induce high tumor depression in rat bladder cancer and could decrease the side effects of pirarubicin (tetrahydropyranyl-adriamycin, THP). We modified SWNT with phospholipid-branched polyethylene glycol and constructed an SWNT-THP conjugate via a cleavable ester bond. The cytotoxicity of SWNT-THP against the human bladder cancer cell line BIU-87 was evaluated in vitro. Rat bladder cancer in situ models constructed by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea intravesical installation (1 g/L, 2 mg/rat once every 2 weeks for 8 weeks) were used for in vivo evaluation of the cytotoxicity of SWNT and SWNT-THP. Specific side effects in the THP group including urinary frequency (N = 12), macroscopic hematuria (N = 1), and vomiting (N = 7) were identified; however, no side effects were observed with SWNT-THP treatment. Flow cytometry was used to assess the cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that SWNT alone did not yield significant tumor depression compared to saline (1.74 ± 0.56 and 1.23 ± 0.42%) in vitro. SWNT-THP exhibited higher tumor depression than THP-saline in vitro (74.35 ± 2.56 and 51.24 ± 1.45%) and in vivo (52.46 ± 2.41 and 96.85 ± 0.85%). The present findings indicate that SWNT delivery of THP for the treatment of bladder cancer leads to minimal side effects without loss of therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, this nanotechnology may play a crucial role in the improvement of intravesical treatment of bladder cancer.

Roles of estrogen and progesterone in modulating renal nerve function in the rat kidney

The maintenance of extracellular Na+ and Cl- concentrations in mammals depends, at least in part, on renal function. It has been shown that neural and endocrine mechanisms regulate extracellular fluid volume and transport of electrolytes along nephrons. Studies of sex hormones and renal nerves suggested that sex hormones modulate renal function, although this relationship is not well understood in the kidney. To better understand the role of these hormones on the effects that renal nerves have on Na+ and Cl- reabsorption, we studied the effects of renal denervation and oophorectomy in female rats. Oophorectomized (OVX) rats received 17β-estradiol benzoate (OVE, 2.0 mg·kg-1·day-1, sc) and progesterone (OVP, 1.7 mg·kg-1·day-1,sc). We assessed Na+ and Cl-fractional excretion (FENa+ and FECl-, respectively) and renal and plasma catecholamine release concentrations. FENa+, FECl-, water intake, urinary flow, and renal and plasma catecholamine release levels increased in OVX vs control rats. These effects were reversed by 17β-estradiol benzoate but not by progesterone. Renal denervation did not alter FENa+, FECl-, water intake, or urinary flow values vs controls. However, the renal catecholamine release level was decreased in the OVP (236.6±36.1 ng/g) and denervated rat groups (D: 102.1±15.7; ODE: 108.7±23.2; ODP: 101.1±22.1 ng/g). Furthermore, combining OVX + D (OD: 111.9±25.4) decreased renal catecholamine release levels compared to either treatment alone. OVE normalized and OVP reduced renal catecholamine release levels, and the effects on plasma catecholamine release levels were reversed by ODE and ODP replacement in OD. These data suggest that progesterone may influence catecholamine release levels by renal innervation and that there are complex interactions among renal nerves, estrogen, and progesterone in the modulation of renal function.

Effect of castration on renal glycosaminoglycans and their urinary excretion in male and female rats with chronic renal failure

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) participate in a variety of processes in the kidney, and evidence suggests that gender-related hormones participate in renal function. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of GAGs, gender, and proteinuria in male and female rats with chronic renal failure (CRF). GAGs were analyzed in total kidney tissue and 24-h urine of castrated (c), male (M), and female (F) Wistar control (C) rats (CM, CMc, CF, CFc) and after 30 days of CRF induced by 5/6 nephrectomy (CRFM, CRFMc, CRFF, CRFFc). Total GAG quantification and composition were determined using agarose and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. Renal GAGs were higher in CF compared to CM. CRFM presented an increase in renal GAGs, heparan sulfate (HS), and proteinuria, while castration reduced these parameters. However, CRFF and CRFFc groups showed a decrease in renal GAGs concomitant with an increase in proteinuria. Our results suggest that, in CRFM, sex hormones quantitatively alter GAGs, mainly HS, and possibly the glomerular filtration barrier, leading to proteinuria. The lack of this response in CRFMc, where HS did not increase, corroborates this theory. This pattern was not observed in females. Further studies of CRF are needed to clarify gender-dependent differences in HS synthesis.

Potential Urinary miRNA Biomarker Candidates for the Accurate Detection of Prostate Cancer among Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short (similar to 22nt), single stranded RNA molecules that function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. MiRNAs can regulate a variety of important biological pathways, including: cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Profiling of miRNA expression patterns was shown to be more useful than the equivalent mRNA profiles for characterizing poorly differentiated tumours. As such, miRNA expression "signatures" are expected to offer serious potential for diagnosing and prognosing cancers of any provenance. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of using deregulation of urinary miRNAs in order to detect Prostate Cancer (PCa) among Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). To identify the miRNA signatures specific for PCa, miRNA expression profiling of 8 PCa patients, 12 BPH patients and 10 healthy males was carried out using whole genome expression profiling. Differential expression of two individual miRNAs between healthy males and BPH patients was detected and found to possibly target genes related to PCa development and progression. The sensitivity and specificity of miR-1825 for detecting PCa among BPH individuals was found to be 60% and 69%, respectively. Whereas, the sensitivity and specificity of miR-484 were 80% and 19%, respectively. Additionally, the sensitivity and specificity for miR-1825/484 in tandem were 45% and 75%, respectively. The proposed PCa miRNA signatures may therefore be of great value for the accurate diagnosis of PCa and BPH. This exploratory study has identified several possible targets that merit further investigation towards the development and validation of diagnostically useful, non-invasive, urine-based tests that might not only help diagnose PCa but also possibly help differentiate it from BPH.

Optimizing urothelial cell preparation for the human urinary micronucleus assay.

Biological monitoring of early genotoxic effects in urothelial cells using the urinary micronucleus (MNu) assay is promising for early detection of cancer, such as bladder carcinoma. But many problems are encountered, the major being the poorly differential staining of cells, particularly in women having an important amount of squamous cells. We have optimized the protocol and obtained a differential staining of the cell types present in urine on 10 subjects. Following Carnoy I fixation and Papanicolaou staining, urothelial cells were blue while most squamous cells were pink. This differential staining allowed for optimization of the MNu assay on a single urine void, for both females and males. Even if our MNu means were comparable to the literature, the great variation in reported MNu results could reside in the ability of scorers to distinguish correctly between urothelial and squamous cells. When monitoring exposed populations, this erroneous distinction could largely influence the results, even more in women’s urine samples. Given a situation where exposure would not increase micronuclei frequency in vaginal squamous cells, their erroneous analysis in the MNu assay could mask an early genotoxic effect. Therefore, as transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder originates from transformed urothelial cells, restricting micronuclei analysis to urothelial cells could yield a more precise estimate of cancer risk in exposed populations. Moreover, it is hoped that the improvements proposed in this paper will allow for an easier implementation of the MNu assay in various set-ups and enhance its specificity, since MNu are considered a suitable biomarker.

Étude comparative de la morphologie du plancher pelvien des femmes âgées continentes et avec incontinence urinaire

But: Cette étude a pour but de comparer : a)la morphologie du plancher pelvien (PP), du col vésical et du sphincter urogénital strié (SUS) par IRM et b) la fonction du PP par palpation digitale (PERFECT scheme) chez les femmes âgées continentes ou avec incontinence urinaire à l’effort (IUE) et mixte (IUM). Méthode: Les femmes ont appris à contracter correctement leur PP et la fonction de leur PP a été évaluée. Une séance d’IRM dynamique 3T a suivi. Résultats: 66 femmes ont participé à l’étude. Les groupes étaient similaires en âge, IMC, nombre d’accouchements vaginaux et d’hystérectomie. La validité et la fidélité des différentes mesures anatomiques utilisées ont été confirmées au début de cette étude. Afin de contrôler l’effet potentiel de la taille du bassin sur les autres paramètres, les femmes ont été appariées par la longueur de leur inlet pelvien. Les femmes avec IUM ont un PP plus bas et un support des organes pelviens plus faible, selon leurs ligne M, angle LPC/Ligne H et hauteur de la jonction urétro-vésicale (UV). Les femmes avec IUE ont un PP similaire à celui des continentes, mais présentent plus d’ouverture du col vésical et un angle UV postérieur plus large au repos que les autres groupes. Il n’y a aucune différence de morphologie du SUS entre les groupes. De plus, selon les résultats du PERFECT scheme, les femmes avec IU ont une force du PP plus faible que les continentes. Les femmes avec IUM montrent aussi une faible élévation des muscles du PP à la contraction. Les femmes avec IUE ont, quant à elle, un problème de coordination à la toux. Conclusion: Les déficits causant l’IUE et l’IUM sont différents, mais supportent tous le rationnel des exercices du PP pour le traitement de l’IUE et l’IUM. Ces résultats supportent le besoin de traitements de rééducation spécifiques aux déficits de chacun des types d’IU.

CD40 signalling in platelet function

Le CD40 est un membre de la famille des récepteurs du facteur de nécrose tumorale ("Tumour necrosis factor", TNF), initialement identifié sur des cellules de carcinome de la vessie. L'interaction du CD40 avec son ligand (CD40L) est d'une importance cruciale pour le développement des cellules B et de la commutation d'isotype au cours de la réponse immunitaire acquise. L'expression du complexe CD40/CD40L était initialement cru d'être limiter aux cellules du système immunitaire, mais aujourd'hui il est bien connu que ce complexe est également exprimé sur les cellules du système circulatoire et vasculaire, et est impliqué dans diverses réactions inflammatoires; de sorte que le CD40L est maintenant considéré comme une molécule thrombo-inflammatoire prédictive des événements cardiovasculaires. Les plaquettes expriment constitutivement le CD40, alors que le CD40L n'est exprimé que suite à leur l'activation. Il est ensuite clivé en sa forme soluble (sCD40L) qui représente la majorité du sCD40L en circulation. Il fut démontré que le sCD40L influence l'activation plaquettaire mais son effet exact sur la fonction plaquettaire, ainsi que les mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires sous-jacents à son action demeurent inconnus. Ainsi, ce projet a été entrepris dans le but d’adresser les objectifs spécifiques suivants: 1) évaluer les effets in vitro du sCD40L sur l'activation et l'agrégation plaquettaire; 2) identifier les récepteurs plaquettaires impliqués dans l’action du sCD40L; 3) élucider les voies signalétiques intracellulaires induits par le sCD40L; 4) évaluer les effets du sCD40L sur la formation de thrombus in vivo. Nous avons trouvé que le sCD40L augmente fortement l'activation et l'agrégation des plaquettes en réponse à de faibles concentrations d'agonistes. Les plaquettes humaines traitées avec une forme mutante du sCD40L qui n'interagit pas avec le CD40, et les plaquettes de souris déficientes en CD40 ne furent pas en mesure d'induire de telles réponses, indiquant que le récepteur principal du sCD40L au niveau des plaquettes est le CD40. En plus, nous avons identifié la présence de plusieurs membres de la famille du facteur associé du récepteur du TNF ("TNF receptor-associated factor", TRAF) dans les plaquettes et nous avons montré que seulement le TRAF2 s'associe avec le CD40 suite à la stimulation par le sCD40L. Nos résultats indiquent aussi que le sCD40L agisse sur les plaquettes au repos par l'entremise de deux voies signalétiques distinctes. La première voie implique l'activation de la petite GTPase Rac1 et de sa cible en aval, soit la protéine kinase p38 activée par le mitogène ("p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase", p38 MAPK ), menant au changement de forme plaquettaire et à la polymérisation de l'actine; alors que la deuxième voie implique l'activation de la cascade signalétique du NF-kB. Par ailleurs, à la suite d'une lésion artérielle induite par le chlorure de fer, le sCD40L exacerbe la formation de thrombus et l'infiltration leucocytaire au sein du thrombus dans les souris du type sauvage, mais pas chez les souris déficientes en CD40. En conclusion, ce projet a permis d'identifier pour la première fois deux voies signalétiques distinctes en aval du CD40 plaquettaire et a permis d'établir leur implication dans l'activation et l'agrégation plaquettaire en réponse au sCD40L. De manière plus importante, ce projet nous a permis d'établir un lien direct entre les niveaux élevés du sCD40L circulant et la formation de thrombus in vivo, tout en soulignant l'importance du CD40 dans ce processus. Par conséquent, l'axe CD40/CD40L joue un rôle important dans l'activation des plaquettes, les prédisposant à une thrombose accrue en réponse à une lésion vasculaire. Ces résultats peuvent expliquer en partie la corrélation entre les taux circulants élevés du sCD40L et l'incidence des maladies cardiovasculaires.

Moderate Champagne consumption promotes an acute improvement in acute endothelial-independent vascular function in healthy human volunteers

Epidemiological studies have suggested an inverse correlation between red wine consumption and the incidence of CVD. However, Champagne wine has not been fully investigated for its cardioprotective potential. In order to assess whether acute and moderate Champagne wine consumption is capable of modulating vascular function, we performed a randomised, placebo-controlled, cross-over intervention trial. We show that consumption of Champagne wine, but not a control matched for alcohol, carbohydrate and fruit-derived acid content, induced an acute change in endothelium-independent vasodilatation at 4 and 8 h post-consumption. Although both Champagne wine and the control also induced an increase in endothelium-dependent vascular reactivity at 4 h, there was no significant difference between the vascular effects induced by Champagne or the control at any time point. These effects were accompanied by an acute decrease in the concentration of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9), a significant decrease in plasma levels of oxidising species and an increase in urinary excretion of a number of phenolic metabolites. In particular, the mean total excretion of hippuric acid, protocatechuic acid and isoferulic acid were all significantly greater following the Champagne wine intervention compared with the control intervention. Our data suggest that a daily moderate consumption of Champagne wine may improve vascular performance via the delivery of phenolic constituents capable of improving NO bioavailability and reducing matrix metalloproteinase activity.

The effect of dietary nitrate on salivary, plasma, and urinary nitrate metabolism in humans

Dietary nitrate is metabolized to nitrite by bacterial flora on the posterior surface of the tongue leading to increased salivary nitrite concentrations. In the acidic environment of the stomach, nitrite forms nitrous acid, a potent nitrating/nitrosating agent. The aim of this study was to examine the pharmacokinetics of dietary nitrate in relation to the formation of salivary, plasma, and urinary nitrite and nitrate in healthy subjects. A secondary aim was to determine whether dietary nitrate increases the formation of protein-bound 3-nitrotyrosine in plasma, and if dietary nitrate improves platelet function. The pharmacokinetic profile of urinary nitrate excretion indicates total clearance of consumed nitrate in a 24 h period. While urinary, salivary, and plasma nitrate concentrations increased between 4- and 7-fold, a significant increase in nitrite was only detected in saliva (7-fold). High dietary nitrate consumption does not cause a significant acute change in plasma concentrations of 3-nitrotyrosine or in platelet function.

The impact of the catechol-O-methyltransferase genotype on vascular function and blood pressure after acute green tea ingestion

SCOPE: Evidence for the benefits of green tea catechins on vascular function is inconsistent, with genotype potentially contributing to the heterogeneity in response. Here, the impact of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype on vascular function and blood pressure (BP) after green tea extract ingestion are reported. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifty subjects (n = 25 of the proposed low-activity [AA] and of the high-activity [GG] COMT rs4680 genotype), completed a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Peripheral arterial tonometry, digital volume pulse (DVP), and BP were assessed at baseline and 90 min after 1.06 g of green tea extract or placebo. A 5.5 h and subsequent 18.5 h urine collection was performed to assess green tea catechin excretion. A genotype × treatment interaction was observed for DVP reflection index (p = 0.014), with green tea extract in the AA COMT group attenuating the increase observed with placebo. A tendency for a greater increase in diastolic BP was evident at 90 min after the green tea extract compared to placebo (p = 0.07). A genotypic effect was observed for urinary methylated epigallocatechin during the first 5.5 h, with the GG COMT group demonstrating a greater concentration (p = 0.049). CONCLUSION: Differences in small vessel tone according to COMT genotype were evident after acute green tea extract.

Improved endothelial function with simvastatin but unchanged insulin sensitivity with simvastatin or ezetimibe

In addition to their expected effects on lipid profile, lipid-lowering agents may reduce cardiovascular events because of effects on nonclassic risk factors such as insulin resistance and inflammation. Ezetimibe specifically blocks the absorption of dietary and biliary cholesterol as well as plant sterols. Although it is known that an additional reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels can be induced by the combination of ezetimibe with statins, it is not known if this can enhance some pleiotropic effects, which may be useful in slowing the atherosclerotic process. This study assessed the effects of simvastatin and ezetimibe, in monotherapy or in combination, on markers of endothelial function and insulin sensitivity. Fifty prediabetic subjects with normo- or mild-to-moderate hypercholesterolemia were randomly allocated to 2 groups receiving either ezetimibe (10 mg/d) or simvastatin (20 mg/d) for 12 weeks, after which the drugs were combined for both groups for an additional 12-week period. Clinical and laboratory parameters were measured at baseline and after 12 and 24 weeks of therapy. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index and the area under the curve of insulin were calculated. As expected, both groups receiving drugs in isolation significantly reduced total cholesterol, LDL-C, apolipoprotein B, and triglyceride levels; and additional reductions were found after the combination period (P <.05). After 12 weeks of monotherapy, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and urinary albumin excretion were lower in the simvastatin than in the ezetimibe group. No change in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index, area under the curve of insulin, and adiponectin levels was observed tiller either the monotherapies or the combined therapy. However, simvastatin combined with ezetimibe provoked significant reductions in E-selectin and intravascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 levels that were independent of LDL-C changes. Our findings support claims that simvastatin may be beneficial in preserving endothelial function in prediabetic subjects with normo- or mild-to-moderate hypercholesterolemia. Alternatively, a deleterious effect of ezetimibe on the endothelial function is suggested, considering the increase in intravascular cellular adhesion molecule I and E-selectin levels. Simvastatin and ezetimibe, in isolation or in combination, do not interfere with insulin sensitivity. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Effect of high-dose fentanyl on renal function in dogs

OBJETIVOS: Estudamos os efeitos de alta dose de fentanil (F) em atributos de função renal (FR) do cão. DESENHO: Anestesiamos com pentobarbital sódico (PS) 16 cães divididos aleatoriamente em 2 grupos: manutenção com PS (Gi) e PS com F (0,05 mg.kg-1) (G2). INTERVENÇÃO: os cães foram ventilados artificialmente e tiveram cateterizadas as veias femorais esquerda e direita e a artéria femoral esquerda para infusão de drogas e coleta de dados hemodinâmicos e de sangue para dosagens laboratoriais. Coletou-se urina durante todo experimento. MENSURAÇÃO: Determinaram-se os valores de atributos de FR.. RESULTADOS: PS não mudou a FR e o comportamento de G1 deveu-se à expansão do volume extracelular. O F diminuiu significativamente freqüência cardíaca, pressão arterial média, clearance de creatinina, volume urinário, clearance osmolar e excreção fracionária de sódio e potássio. CONCLUSÕES: A diminuição da FR foi provavelmente devida às alterações hemodinâmicas induzidas pelo F, não se descartando possível ação da aldosterona.

Is the ultrasound-estimated bladder weight a reliable method for evaluating bladder outlet obstruction?

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the correlation between ultrasound-estimated bladder weight (UEBW) in patients with different degrees of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).METHODSWe evaluated 50 consecutive non-neurogenic male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) referred to urodynamic study (UDS). All patients self-answered the International Prostate Score Symptoms (IPSS) questionnaire. After the UDS, the bladder was filled with 150 mL to determine UEBW.Patients with a bladder capacity under 150 mL, a previous history of prostate surgery or pelvic irradiation, an IPSS score <8, a bladder stone or urinary tract infection were excluded.After a pressure-flow study, the Schafer linear passive urethral resistance relation nomogram was plotted to determine the grade of obstruction: Grades I-II/VI were defined as mild obstruction, Grades III-IV/VI as moderate obstruction, and Grades V-VI/VI as severe obstruction.RESULTSThe UEBW was 51.7 +/- 26.9, 54.1 +/- 30.0 and 54.8 +/- 28.2 in patients with mild, moderate and severe BOO, respectively (P = 0.130). The UEBW allowed us to define four groups: (i) UEBW < 35 g; (ii) 35 g <= UEBW < 50 g; (iii) 50 g <= UEBW < 70 g; and (4) UEBW >= 70 g.We did not find any differences in age, prostate weight, IPSS, PVR, cystometric bladder capacity, presence of detrusor overactive and degree of obstruction in the aforementioned groups.CONCLUSIONDespite the fact that some studies have emphasized the value of UEBW as an efficient non-invasive method for evaluating lower urinary tract obstruction, our study suggests that UEBW does not present any individual correlation with LUTS or objective measurements of BOO.

Urinary lithiasis and idiopathic hypercalciuria: the importance of dietary intake evaluation

PUSPOSE: To evaluate food intake of patients with urinary lithiasis and idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH). MATERIALS and METHODS: Between August 2007 and June 2008, 105 patients with lithiasis were distributed into 2 groups: Group 1 (n = 55) - patients with IH (urinary calcium excretion > 250 mg in women and 300 mg in men with normal serum calcium); Group 2 (n = 50) - normocalciuria (NC) patients . Inclusion criteria were: age over 18, normal renal function (creatinine clearance = 60 mL/min), absent proteinuria and negative urinary culture. Pregnant women, patients with some intestinal pathology, chronic diarrhea or using corticoids were excluded. The protocol of metabolic investigation was based on non-consecutive collection of two 24-hour samples for dosages of: calcium, sodium, uric acid, citrate, oxalate, magnesium and urinary volume. Food intake was evaluated through the quantitative method of Dietary Register of three days. RESULTS: Urinary excretion of calcium (433.33 ± 141.92 vs. 188.93 ± 53.09), sodium (280.08 ± 100.94 vs. 200.44.93 ± 65.81), uric acid (880.63 ± 281.50 vs. 646.74 ± 182.76) and magnesium (88.78 ± 37.53 vs. 64.34 ± 31.84) was significantly higher in the IH group in comparison to the NC group (p < 0.05). As regards the nutritional composition of food intake of IH and NC groups, there was no statistical significant difference in any nutrient evaluated. CONCLUSION: In our study, no difference was observed in the food intake of patients with urinary lithiasis and IH or NC.