Análise de Handover inter e intra-célula em um sistema de telefonia celular através de método de medição simplificado

This dissertation has the purpose to present a portable device named PlugData MG100G, equipped with a cellular module, to analyze the radiofrequency coverage in a GSM network situated in João Pessoa city, state of Paraíba, at four distinct regions. The equipment, originally, was developed to be used in fixed environments, so it was adapted so that it could be used in conditions of mobility. From the Mobile Measurement Reports (MMRs) RF coverage and the handover process are analyzed. The MMRs enable the identification of the serving cell and the list of the closest neighboring cells monitored by the mobile. This work analyses only data referent to the serving cell and the two closest neighboring cells. Inter-cell and intra-cell handovers are identified. The frequency planning and quality of service offered by the network related to the regions are discussed as well

Avaliação dos modelos de predição de propagação para telefonia móvel celular na cidade do Natal

The development of wireless telecommunication in the last years has been great. It has been taking academics to conceive new ideas and techniques. Their aims are to increase the capacity and the quality of the system s services. Cells that are smaller every time, frequencies that are every time higher and environments that get more and more complex, all those facts deserve more accurate models the propagation prediction techniques are inserted in this context and results with a merger of error that is compatible with the next generations of communication systems. The objective of this Work is to present results of a propagation measurement campaign, aiming at pointing the characteristics of the mobile systems covering in the city of Natal (state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil). A mobile laboratory was set up, using the infra-structure available and frequently used by ANATEL. The measures were taken in three different areas: one characterized by high buildings, high relief, presence of trees and towers of different highs. These areas covered the city s central zone, a suburban / rural zone and a section of coast surrounded by sand dunes. It is important to highlight that the analysis was made taking into consideration the actual reality of cellular systems with covering ranges by reduced cells, with the intent of causing greater re-use of frequencies and greater capacity of telephone traffic. The predominance of telephone traffic by cell in the city of Natal occurs within a range inferior to 3 (three) km from the Radio-Base Station. The frequency band used was 800 MHz, corresponding to the control channels of the respective sites, which adopt the FSK modulation technique. This Dissertation starts by presenting a general vision of the models used for predicting propagation. Then, there is a description of the methodology used in the measuring, which were done using the same channels of control of the cellular system. The results obtained were compared with many existing prediction models, and some adaptations were developed by using regression techniques trying to obtain the most optimized solutions. Furthermore, according to regulations from the old Brazilian Holding Telebrás, a minimum covering of 90% of a determined previously area, in 90% of the time, must be obeyed when implanting cellular systems. For such value to be reached, considerations and studies involving the specific environment that is being covered are important. The objective of this work is contribute to this aspect

Vozes sociais em diálogo: uma análise bakhtiniana dos diários de leituras produzidos por alunos do ensino médio

The work aims to analyze high school students utterances, in reading diary discursive genre, starting from the language concept proposed by the Bakhtin Circle. The genre in question has peculiar characteristics which justify its choice for this work, especially with regard to subjectivity marks, that reveal, through the ideological clash, positions on various issues. From the utterances selected for the corpus, categories were created, during the research, according to the guidelines of Guba and Lincoln (2006), Mazzotti and Gewandsznajder (1998) and Amorim (2002), for whom the research in human sciences cannot be based on pre-established categories. We consider diary as a discursive genre (BAKHTIN, 2010a), which carries the characteristics of composition, style and content. Other concepts of the Circle, concerning to utterance, dialogical relations, social voices, responsiveness and exotopy also formed the basis for the study. Moreover, during the analysis of the utterances that compose the corpus of research, we used the concepts of discursive polemics (BAKHTIN, 2010b) and Framework (2010a). At the end of the research, we realized that the assessment situation of students, the fact that they are in an institution whose policy follows national documents, based on diversity and plurality, and live together in a classroom space where there are differences of social class, age, and finally, different realities, were not sufficient factors for this diversity be well accepted in their positions. Thus, their utterances bring voices that demonstrated a difficulty in accepting others that are different from themselves. In view of this, we conclude that teachers need to be prepared to handle these discourses, creating strategies for mediating these dissonant voices, with which must make contact every day at school

Vozes em diálogo na escola : uma análise de posicionamentos sobre a disciplina língua portuguesa no ensino médio integrado à educação profissional do IFRN

Esta investigación toma como tema la asignatura Lengua Portuguesa en el contexto de la enseñanza media integrada a la educación profesional, implementado en el año de 2005, en el Instituto Federal de Educação, ciência y tecnología del Rio Grande do Norte. En el ámbito general, objetiva analizar las voces reveladas en posicionamientos sobre la asignatura Lengua Portuguesa en este contexto. En este estudio, el uso del adjetivo integrado es comprendido como revelador de una formación escolar no basada en investigaciones dicotómicas, sobre todo en aquellas que evidencian una separación entre el conocimiento y el ejercicio profesional. Se buscó aporte teórico en los debates del área de educación, sobre formación integrada, en la visión de contemporaneidad de Bauman y en la concepción de lenguaje de M. Bakhtin. El corpus se compone de material empírico de la naturaleza cuantitativa y cualitativa, obtenido por medio de aplicación de cuestionarios con alumnos y profesionales, además del análisis documental de los PCNEM y de las OCEM, a lo que se refiere a asignatura Lengua Portuguesa. El direccionamiento metodológico es guiado por el paradigma cualitativo inserido en una perspectiva socio-histórica y eligió como categoría de análisis el concepto de voces sociales. Los resultados indican que la asignatura Lengua Portuguesa, en la perspectiva de integración con el mundo del trabajo, adquiere, en mayor o menor grado, en lo observado en los documentos oficiales y en los posicionamientos de alumnos y profesionales de la enseñanza media integrada a la educación profesional del IFRN, un perfil cuya esencia, lejos de asumir características de una enseñanza instrumental reductora, requiere una concepción de lenguaje que esté en sintonía con el mundo del trabajo de la sociedad contemporánea, una sociedad cada vez más abierta a la pluralidad de opiniones y a la ambivalencia de sentidos

Paidéia e retórica no diálogo Fedro de Platão

This study presents a study on Plato's Phaedrus , with the purpose of discussing the possibility of interpreting this dialogue as a discussion on the greek notion of paideia.. We believe to find evidence to support this claim both in the cultural background of the dialogue and in its text. As background evidence, we point to the fact that Rhetoric had become the major disciplined studied in Athens in Plato's time, largely because democratic instituitions favored its practice. As text evidence, we point out that the story of the Phaedrus can be read as the story of how Socrates leads Phaedrus's soul toward philosophy. Therefore, we believe that Plato's main goal with this dialogue is to discuss Rhetoric and present the philosophical perspective on the possibility of an art of speechmaking. In order to achieve this, Plato presents an analyses of current Rhetoric, explains his conception of dialectic, and debate the relation between extemporaneous and written speech. We believe that all those elements serve the larger purpose of providing the background to discuss the cultural education of the Athenians

O cuidado e a ética do cuidado: um diálogo entre Leonardo Boff, Carol Gilligam e Nel Noddings

To elucidate the important contribution of care ethics in improving human relations and social intimates, this work reveals the fragility and lack of ethics on the formation of a just society, equal, peaceful and caring. To this end, we study on the moral development of men and women, warning of the natural differences between the sexes, which change for both the way of seeing life and live it - which does not imply inferiority to some genres. From this study it is clear that the natural care is innate to humans, it provides a tendency to act for the good of all life forms and nature as a whole. But it is evident here a greater sensitivity of women to such care because they possess perception and more emotion than men, which make them more participatory and involved in relationships. This greater openness to care found in women, due in part to the strong and lasting relationship with their mothers. Thus is revealed the power that women have to positively change the direction of human relationships, providing careful with your example, protective and caring, the awakening of a new and comprehensive ethics - opens to the truth, and features especially for affections. Therefore, the care ethics arises from the life experiences of women and aims, through them, to join the men's morality in order to bring out the relevant fact of interdependence between human beings, of human fragility and the need for relationships to the fullness of life

Deus, mente e mundo: sobre os conceitos de complicatio, imago e explicatio a partir do diálogo de mente de nicolau de cusa

This work deals with the way how the three themes of traditional metaphysics, namely, God, man, and the world, are rethought through the philosophical speculation of German cardinal Nicholas of Cusa (1401-1464). Due to the comprehensiveness of this subject, our dissertation had as a starting point and constant reference the book that the philosopher wrote in 1450, Idiota. De mente, the second written work that makes up the series of the Idiota (Idiotae libri), whose discussion is developed around the theme of the human mind. From the dialogue of the mind we have built our reflection on some issues and theoretical foundations presented in Idiota. De sapientia and De docta ignorantia, extending it to little more than that. According to Nicholas of Cusa, the human mind, in its creative character in the image of the divine mind, transcends the purely functional considerations commonly assigned to it, that is, those that regard its cognitive nature and epistemological role. In addition to these aspects, Cusanus understands the humana mens as a point of articulation of two other main themes of his metaphysics: God and the world. In this context, through the concepts of complicatioexplicatio and imago, as well as with the intercession between the themes of man as imago Dei and the reason of the microcosm, we present here an introduction to Cusan metaphysics

Resposta celular Th1 /Th2 na doença periodontal experimental, em ratos: um estudo imuno-histoquímico

Host response plays a major role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Mediators such as inflammatory cytokines which are secreted during the immune response to bacterial challenges have ambiguous functions that may or may not lead to protection of the attacked tissue. In this context, experimental evidence suggests that T-helper 1 (Th-1) and T-helper 2 (Th-2) mediated responses are potentially important during the disease process. The aims of this study therefore were to further clarify the role played by Th2 cells during different time points of the active phase of periodontal disease, as well as, to investigate whether there was any evidence of a Th1 response in the periodontal disease microenvironment. Experimental periodontitis was induced in 30 Wistar male rats by placing cotton ligatures around the mandibular first molars. The rats were then randomly divided into two groups. Group1 (G1=15) and Group 2 (G2=15). In G1 the ligatures were maintained for 2 days, whereas in G2 the ligatures were left for 15 days, a time point that corresponds to the advanced stage of periodontal disease The contra-lateral teeth served as controls (no ligatures). Immunohistochemical investigation for the presence in gingival tissue of Th2 specific transcription factor (GATA3) and the subunit of the IFN-γ receptor was carried out after the disease induction period. Light microscopy analysis revealed a decrease in the expression of GATA-3 as bone loss progressed. On the other hand, although IFN-γ R1 was detected at an early stage of the active phase of disease its expression remained unaltered during the remaining period of the study. These results indicate that the Th2 response have a protective role during the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and that the progression of the periodontal disease is related with the unbalance of the responses Th1/Th2

Estudo da detecção do DNA do papiloma vírus humano (HPV) e da expressão imuno-histoquímica de proteína do ciclo celular no carcinoma epidermóide oral

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy in oral cavity and human papillomavirus (HPV) may have an important role in its development. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the HPV DNA and viral types in 90 cases of OSCC. Moreover, a comparative analysis between the cases of OSSC with and without HPV DNA was performed by using cell cycle markers p21 and pRb in order to detect a possible correlation of these proteins and HPV infection. DNA was extracted from paraffin embedded tissue and amplified by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) with primers PCO3+ e PCO4+ for a fragment of human β-globin gene. After this procedure, PCR for HPV DNA detection was realized using a pair of generic primers GP5+ e GP6+. Immunohistochemical study was performed by streptoavidin-biotin technique and antibodies against p21 and pRb proteins were employed. Eighty-eight cases were positive for human β-globin gene and HPV DNA was found in 26 (29.5%) of then. It could not be detected significant correlation between HPV and age, sex and anatomical sites of the lesion. The most prevalent viral type was HPV 18 (80.8%). Regarding the immunohistochemical analysis, it was detected significant association between HPV presence and pRb immunoexpression (p=0,044), nevertheless, the same was not observed in relation to p21 protein (p =0,416). It can be concluded that the low detection of HPV DNA in OSCC by the present experiment suggests a possible role of the virus in the development and progression in just a subset of this disease

Caracaterização do núcleo pré-geniculado do sagüi (Callithrix jacchus) :projeção retiniana, neuroquímica e atividade celular (expressão de FOS)

In rodents, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and the intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) are the main components of the circadian system. The SCN is considerate the site of an endogenous biological clock because can to generate rhythm and to synchronize to the environmental cues (zeitgebers) and IGL has been related as one of the main areas that modulate the action of SCN. Both receive projections of ganglion cells of retina and this projection to SCN is called retinohypothalamic tract (RHT). Moreover, the IGL is connected with SCN through of geniculohypothalamic tract (GHT). In primates (include humans) was not still demonstrated the presence of a homologous structure to the IGL. It is believed that the pregeniculate nucleus (PGN) can be the answer, but nothing it was still proven. Trying to answer that question, the objective of our study is to do a comparative analysis among PGN and IGL through of techniques immunohystochemicals, neural tracers and FOS expression after dark pulses. For this, we used as experimental model a primate of the new world, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Ours results may contribute to the elucidation of this lacuna in the circadian system once that the IGL is responsible for the transmission of nonphotic information to SCN and participate in the integration between photic and nonphotic stimulus to adjust the function of the SCN. In this way to find a same structure in primates represent an important achieve in the understanding of the biological rhythms in those animals

A necessidade do acaso: um convite ao diálogo filosófico

Um posicionamento filosófico realista que não coloque em dúvida a inteligibilidade do universo ao qual investiga e não se pretenda detentor de qualquer privilégio para alcançar a verdade admite a falibilidade de qualquer representação da realidade, não vendo motivo para fugir ao diálogo com aqueles que propõem explicações diferentes das suas, mesmo que por vezes com elas conflitantes.

O Turismo como um tema de pesquisa: um diálogo epistemológico a partir das produções dos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, no período de 2007 a 2011

The study consists in an analysis of researches with tourism issues, in Master s and Doctoral level, investigating their epistemological trends, regarding the type of study that is being produced and the methods used. It is characterized as exploratory, documental and bibliographical, having undertaken a cross-sectional study which covers the period from 2007 to 2011. It analyzes the context of academically production in tourism, the nature of these researches, the methodological aspects adopted in these theses and dissertations, the philosophical inclinations and the coherence and contribution of the same. This research uses, the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD) and the secretariats of the Academic Centers of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) as means to collect data. It employs the technique of sampling by judgment and undertakes the research in various Academic Centers in UFRN, using the method of content analysis. It shows that, from the 643 studies analyzed, 43 of them have themes related to tourism, which characterized this study sample. This study realizes that PPGA is the largest producer of researches on tourism issues, ahead of PPGTur, which ranks the third position, in this aspect. Also realizes that all surveys analyzed are crosssectional and the theme further investigated, with 21% of the sample, is related to the marketing aspects of tourism, with the theme Directors of Hotels and Restaurants (DHR) . This research demonstrates that all sample surveys make use of interviews, and these are, mostly, structured. Also realizes that most of these studies, with 21% of the sample, employ the method of content analysis. The references in Portuguese are surveyed about five times more than the ones in other languages. It estimates that more than half of the sample is characterized as positivist, associated with aspects of functionalism. A minority of 21% of these researches seeks to identify and recommend solutions to the tourism issues, or even represent part of them. This research concludes that the studies in tourism are mostly unifocal, being driven by issues related to the touristic trade. PPGTur produces a number still unrepresentative of studies. The theses and dissertations of the sample are limited and/or unable to analyze the changes of the phenomenon caused by the time. The studies from the sample present criteria and make use of other methods and techniques to associate with the interviews and content analysis to obtain more solid and reliable data and results. They use a low number of references in languages other than Portuguese. Most of these studies, characterized as positivist-functionalist, investigate the functioning, planning, coordination and expectations in organizations, leaving aside other issues, also relevant for tourism. The number of studies aimed at identifying solutions to the problems of tourism, or that even represents part of them, is not expressive

Confirmação de presença de usuário à cirurgia eletiva por telefone como estratégia para reduzir absenteísmo

O presente trabalho trata-se de pesquisa quase experimental para avaliar o impacto na redução do absenteísmo de usuários agendados para cirurgia eletiva, quando submetidos à confirmação de presença por telefone. O estudo foi conduzido no Centro Cirúrgico do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, durante trinta dias, perfazendo 89 usuários. Os resultados indicaram a efetividade da intervenção, que reduziu o absenteísmo em 30%. Recomenda-se sua implementação na antevéspera da cirurgia, possibilitando novas tentativas para encontrar o usuário no domicílio e convocação de outro. A criação de um núcleo de atendimento poderia constituir um canal de comunicação entre instituição e usuário, permitindo a confirmação da presença da pessoa e a oportunidade de sanar dúvidas sobre o tratamento e comunicar eventuais impedimentos à cirurgia. O núcleo demandaria um profissional com habilidade e conhecimento do serviço, uma vez que os usuários requerem orientações sobre o tratamento durante o contato telefônico.

Relação da expressão de fatores de crescimento celular (IGF-1) e (SCF) com fatores prognósticos e o alvo da rapamicina em mamíferos (m-TOR) em mastocitomas cutâneos caninos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Grupo parafolclórico da ufrn: configur(ações) estéticas em diálogo com a tradição popular

O estudo discute o trajeto estético que se delineia nas produções mais recentes do Grupo Parafolclórico da UFRN. A proposta abrange um diálogo com várias técnicas de dança e linguagens artísticas e tem, nos elementos da tradição popular, o mote para a elaboração de suas coreograϐias, provocando rearranjos estéticos, que reconϐiguram a gestualidade dos corpos e seus modos de criação