Compara����o de procedimentos de quantifica����o de nitrato em tecido vegetal

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Avalia����o macrosc��pica, microsc��pica e histomorfom��trica do tecido cicatricial p��s-cir��rgico de eq��inos submetidos a duas t��cnicas de neurectomia digital

Avaliou-se macro e microscopicamente o tecido cicatricial p��s-operat��rio de eq��inos submetidos a duas t��cnicas de neurectomia digital: guilhotina (TG) e stripping (TS). Decorridos 14 meses das cirurgias, foram colhidas 32 amostras de tecido cicatricial em quatro ��guas, que tiveram os membros submetidos a ambas as t��cnicas. �� macroscopia, verificaram-se as dimens��es da cicatriz do coto proximal e a dist��ncia entre os cotos proximal e distal. �� microscopia, foi quantificada a propor����o de tecido nervoso regenerado por meio de histomorfometria. N��o houve diferen��a nas dimens��es do tecido cicatricial, contudo a dist��ncia entre cotos foi 5,6 vezes maior na TS (P<0,001). Histologicamente, observou-se a presen��a de tecido conjuntivo frouxo e denso, macr��fagos e fibras nervosas delgadas em ambas as t��cnicas cir��rgicas. Estruturas nodulares, compostas por fasc��culos nervosos, foram visualizadas em 56,2% (9/16) das amostras colhidas em nervos submetidos �� TS. As porcentagens m��dias de tecido nervoso no tecido cicatricial foram de 0,31% na TG e 2,6% na TS (P<0,001). Concluiu-se que o retorno �� sensibilidade nervosa deve demorar mais a ocorrer ap��s a TS, devido �� maior dist��ncia entre cotos. A maior propor����o de tecido nervoso sugere que essa t��cnica favorece a regenera����o nervosa.

Altera����es morfol��gicas de tecido laminar do casco e par��metros cl��nicos e laboratoriais de equinos com s��ndrome c��lica letal

As afec����es gastrintestinais dos cavalos s��o agravadas por complica����es como a laminite, cuja etiopatogenia est�� relacionada �� degrada����o da membrana basal do tecido laminar por metaloproteinases (MMPs). A ativa����o das MMPs pode ocorrer devido �� libera����o local de citocinas inflamat��rias ou enzimas provenientes de leuc��citos infiltrados no tecido laminar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as altera����es morfol��gicas do tecido laminar de equinos com s��ndrome c��lica letal e sua prov��vel associa����o com par��metros cl��nicos e laboratoriais. Observou-se intensa destrui����o da arquitetura laminar, principalmente nos animais com altera����es f��sicas e laboratoriais mais acentuadas, como tempo de preenchimento capilar prolongado (TPC), membranas mucosas congestas, taquicardia, hemoconcentra����o e redu����o nas contagens de plaquetas e leuc��citos. Os resultados sinalizam o prov��vel momento do desenvolvimento de les��es do tecido laminar em equinos com s��ndrome c��lica, no qual �� poss��vel adotar medidas preventivas contra a laminite.

Utiliza����o da microscopia eletr��nica de varredura como ferramenta de avalia����o da estrutura do tecido de abacate 'quintal' ap��s danos mec��nicos

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Lipocalina associada �� gelatinase de neutr��filos (NGAL) e calprotectina no tecido laminar de equinos ap��s obstru����o jejunal, tratados ou n��o com hidrocortisona

A laminite �� uma doen��a podal grave que acomete os equ��deos, sendo respons��vel por intenso sofrimento. Neste estudo foram pesquisadas a presen��a de calprotectina por meio da imunoistoqu��mica, e de lipocalina associada �� gelatinase de neutr��filos (NGAL), por zimografia, no tecido laminar do casco de equinos ap��s obstru����o intestinal. Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos: Grupo controle (Gc), contendo sete animais normais, sem procedimento cir��rgico; Grupo Instrumentado (Gi), contendo cinco animais, os quais passaram por todo o procedimento cir��rgico sem sofrerem obstru����o intestinal; Grupo N��o Tratado (Gnt), contendo quatro equinos submetidos a obstru����o intestinal do jejuno por distens��o de bal��o intraluminal, sem tratamento; e Grupo Tratado (Gt), contendo quatro equinos submetidos a obstru����o intestinal, e tratados preventivamente com hidrocortisona. Houve imunomarca����o de calprotectina em todos os grupos experimentais, com aumento nos equinos do grupo distendido em rela����o ao Gc. Com rela����o ao NGAL, houve aumento tamb��m do Gnt e do Gi em rela����o ao Gc. O Gt n��o diferiu dos demais. Conclui-se que a distens��o do intestino delgado pode promover ac��mulos de leuc��citos nos cascos de equinos e que o NGAL �� um m��todo vi��vel para se detectar infiltra����o neutrof��lica em equinos. Novos estudos dever��o ser realizados para se verificar poss��vel benef��cio anti-inflamat��rio da hidrocortisona no casco de equinos com obstru����o intestinal.

Adi����o de geomanta e tecido n��o tecido de polipropileno em cimentos geopolim��ricos de pega r��pida

Geopolymers are cementing materials that depict a number of advantages compared to Portland cement. Contrary to the latter, geopolymers are synthesized at room temperature, thus significantly reducing the emission of CO2 to the atmosphere. Moreover, the composition and synthesis reactions can be tailored to adjust the setting time of the material as well as its compressive mechanical strength. It is then possible to produce geopolymeric cements with short setting times and high compressive strength, although relatively brittle. The objective of the present study was to produce and characterize composite materials by reinforcing fastsetting geopolymeric matrixes with polypropylene geosynthetics (geomats and geotextiles) in an attempt to improve the toughness and tensile strength of the cementing material. Geosynthetics have been increasingly used to reinforce engineering structures, providing higher strength and better toughness. In particular, polypropylene nonwoven and geomats depict other attractive properties such as low density, durability, impact absorption and resistance to abrasion. Fast-setting geopolymers were then synthesized and reinforced with polypropylene nonwoven and geomats. The mechanical strength of the materials, reinforced or not, was characterized. The results showed that relatively short setting times and adequate flowing behavior were achieved by adjusting the composition of the geopolymer. In addition, it is possible to improve the fracture resistance of geopolymeric cements by adding polypropylene geosynthetics. The best results were achieved by reinforcing geopolymer with polypropylene TNT

Modifica����o superficial do tecido 100% algod��o tratado com plasma

The 100% cotton fabric (CO)* treated with plasma of methane CH4 has direct application in all areas that needs of aqueous solutions repellent material like coatings and uniforms applied biomedical, aeronautics, and automobile between others. 100% cotton fabric (CO) samples were treated by plasma with two differents atmosphere: Methane gas (CH4), treatment time was varied in 10 in 10 min. until 60 min., and mixture methane/argon (CH4/Ar), it was varied the proportion 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 e 9:1, with treatment time of 30 minutes. In both, the fluxe was 5 sccm (second cubic centimeter), pressure 6 mbar, voltage 490 V and current 0,15A. The objective of work was measure the superficial tension of 100% CO then it treated with plasma, using contact angle measures of water and glycerol with the surface. The samples were tested after treatment, with 8 and 12 months to verify the superficial modification effects. It was verified an increase of hydrophobility with the Sessile drop values varied between 116,69�� to 137,85�� and it carried on after 12 months. The no treated samples shows contact angle equal 0��. OES analysis and Raman spectroscopy were accomplished. In the SEM analysis was verified oligomers. The plasma treatment is correct environmental, It turning greater than conventional treatments

Modifica����o superficial do tecido de malha de ��cido polilatico (PLA) por tratamento plasma

Some fibrous materials, for having properties such as biocompatibility, strength and flexibility, are of great interest for medical and pharmaceutical applications. Among these materials, the fabric made from polylactic acid (PLA) has received special attention, and beside to present these features, is derived from biological source, antimicrobial and bioabsorbable. One of the limitations of PLA is its low wettability and capillarity. Due to this, it is necessary to perform surface modification of the knitted fabric, increasing its hydrophilicity. This work aims to realize the plasma treatment at low pressure in order to increase the surface energy of the polymer. The work was divided into three steps: i) Influence of the gas ratio (oxygen and nitrogen) in the surface modification of PLA fabric after the plasma treatment, ii) physical characterization and physicochemical surface tissue; iii) Evaluation of the effect from current and gas ratio in the capillary rise of tissues and iv) Study of capillarity in yarns and fabrics. The results showed that better gas ratios were the atmospheres: 100% oxygen; 100% nitrogen and 50% oxygen and 50% nitrogen. The surface characterization showed changes in topography and introduction of polar groups which increased the wettability of the fabric. In another part of this study, it was found that the atmosphere containing only nitrogen gas showed the most capillary rise to a current of 0.15 A. The results in capillary yarns and fabrics showed that the thread reached equilibrium in a time much less than the fabric to an atmosphere of 100% nitrogen and 0.15 A. Current Plasma technology was effective to increase the hydrophilicity of PLA fabric, providing surface characteristics favorable for future application in the biomedical field

Recorte dos produtos educacionais em hist��ria no ensino da matem��tica e em did��tica da matem��tica a partir das disserta����es e teses defendidas no brasil entre 1990-2010

This work has the main purpose of conducting a survey of educational products present in dissertations and doctoral theses focused on the use of history in mathematics teaching and Didactics of mathematics with a French foundation produced in graduate programs in the strict sense of the Brazil between 1990 and 2010, the areas of Education, Mathematics Education, school of Natural Sciences and Mathematics and related areas, according to the research proposal of Mendes (2010). Our interest was to select the products that present concrete proposals for educational activities that can be used in the classroom of Basic Education and Training of Teachers of Mathematics. The research was implemented through a bibliographic study documents the Bank of dissertations and theses from CAPES, libraries and archives of some Postgraduate programs in the country who focus their studies on the subject object of this research, besides the Brazilian Digital Library Theses and Dissertations (BDBTD). From this survey we selected works that present educational products materialized in blocks of activities based on the use of teaching history of mathematics to the classroom as well as the sequence of activities based on the Teaching of Mathematics. In possession of material, produce a CD-ROM containing the selected activities, in order to help support the work of teachers regarding the use of these activities, as a supplementary material to textbooks in their math classes

A argumenta����o na peti����o inicial

This research investigates current sense effects at the use of linguistic resources of the argument in a corpus constituted by juridical pieces (Initial Petitions), that gave opportunity to actions originated from the Civil Special Court of the District of Currais Novos-RN. For this purpose it was established a relation between the Law and the Linguistics, mediated by the focus of the Argumentative Semantics, emphasizing, in a special way, the use of argumentative operators, which inserted in the own language, in its grammar, assume the orientation of the speech and the modalizers use, important mechanisms in the construction of the sense of the text and in the signalling in the way as that that one say is said,. This way, we began the investigation of that gender choosing as study object the section of the facts , that comprehends a part of Initial Petition where is explanted the narration of events that gave margin to the proposal for the Action. In face of the study object and the aim to be reached it was appealed, methodologically, to the notion of Rhetoric since from the classic antiquity to the emergence of the New present Rhetoric in Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca (2005) that, at the present time, is inserted in the studies of the Pragmatic connected to the central theses of the Ducrot s thinking (1977, 1980, 1987). Such referential allowed us to a better understanding about the production of the juridical speech on the part of the operators of the Law, as well as, to analyze in way wide the current sense effects from the use of argument linguistic marks the juridical speech. The data showed that such marks are indispensable elements to the construction of the textual web, particularly when in the range of the juridical argumentation, since they direct the speech for certain conclusions. However, we have observed that in the texts produced by the lawyers the use of those linguistic resources not always takes place in an appropriate way. The texts analyzed have also showed that it is possible to unmask, through the linguistic resources, the argumentative strategy employed by the authors for convincing of the magistrate, making evident that language is more than a system of signs, which it makes possible to see beyond the limit of the words and statements. Finally, we have verified that the categories analyzed, when used appropriately, are elements that engender argumentative maneuvers of effectiveness in the juridical text, being fundamental pieces which give argumentative strength the text, making the speech to move forward, not only the juridical, but the speech produced in any domain of the knowledge

Express��o Imuno-histoqu��mica de COX-2, EMMPRIN, HIF-1&#945; e GLUT-1 no tecido gengival normal e inflamado

The aim of this study was determine whether an association exists in the gum tissue between the expression of markers of tissue hypoxia (HIF-1&#945; and GLUT-1) with a marker of inflammatory activity (COX-2) and a marker of collagen degradation (EMMPRIN). Was performed immunohistochemistry with antibodies specific for these markers on 60 samples of gingival tissue divided into two groups: gums (n = 26) and gingivitis (n = 34) and expression was analyzed in the epithelial tissue and connective tissue . The reactivity epithelial for COX-2 was observed in only two cases as the HIF-1&#945;, GLUT-1 and EMMPRIN was strongly expressed in the epithelial basal layer and the immunostaining was gradually decreased as the cells away from this layer, and negative in the region suprabasal in most specimens. In connective tissue, and HIF-1&#945; EMMPRIN were strongly positive for most cases analyzed as GLUT-1 was negative in most cases. Immunostaining for COX-2 showed an association with gingival inflammatory infiltrate. The expression of EMMPRIN, HIF-1&#945; and GLUT-1 in normal gums confirms the physiological role of these markers, however there was no association with tissue inflammation. Given the findings we can conclude that the inflammatory changes installed in frames of chronic gingivitis may not be sufficient to activate the factors of hypoxia to levels that can be quantified by immunohistochemical analysis, in addition, the findings are not conclusive in relationship to involvement of EMMPRIN in the secretion of MMPs to degrade collagen in the frames of gingivitis. We suggest the use of technical analysis and quantification of RNA of EMMPRIN and MMPs in order to determine whether collagen degradation observed in gingivitis suffers or not, significant influence of EMMPRIN for secretion and activation of MMPs

Proposta de question��rio para caracteriza����o da preval��ncia de sintomas digestivos nas doen��as difusas do tecido conjuntivo

RACIONAL: As doen��as difusas do tecido conjuntivo afetam v��rios sistemas org��nicos, inclusive o digest��rio. Neste, as les��es variam em intensidade e freq����ncia na depend��ncia da doen��a envolvida. A descri����o das diferentes manifesta����es digestivas tem sido pouco freq��ente, pouco detalhada e, n��o raro, baseada em experi��ncias individuais e levantamentos retrospectivos. Tais formas de registro de dados produzem resultados muitas vezes conflitantes entre as diferentes casu��sticas. OBJETIVO: Estabelecer de forma mais consistente, por interm��dio de entrevista e question��rio predefinido de sintomas, o conjunto e freq����ncia dos sintomas digestivos observados na esclerose sist��mica progressiva, artrite reumat��ide, polimiosite/dermatomiosite, doen��a mista do tecido conjuntivo e l��pus eritematoso sist��mico. PACIENTES E M��TODO: Estudaram-se 99 pacientes, 90% mulheres, com idade m��dia de 45 anos. do total, 35 tinham artrite reumat��ide, 26 esclerose sist��mica progressiva, 21 l��pus eritematoso sist��mico, 12 dermatomiosite/polimiosite e 5 doen��a mista do tecido conjuntivo. Todos foram submetidos, por investigador treinado, a entrevista e preenchimento de um question��rio de sintomas digestivos, composto de 17 itens, previamente definidos. RESULTADOS: O estudo revelou elevada preval��ncia de sintomas gastrointestinais nas cinco doen��as investigadas, muitas vezes afetando mais de 50% dos casos. Chamou a aten����o a presen��a significativa de sintomas negligenciados pela literatura como a incontin��ncia fecal. Discordante de trabalhos anteriores, os pacientes desta s��rie com artrite reumat��ide apresentaram variadas queixas digestivas, surpreendendo o achado de disfagia em 1/3 deles. CONCLUS��ES: As doen��as difusas do tecido conjuntivo s��o causas de freq��entes e numerosos sintomas digestivos. O uso de question��rios predefinidos mostrou-se instrumento v��lido na identifica����o de substancial n��mero de sintomas, alguns deles ainda n��o referidos pela literatura. Por fim, foi constatada escassez de trabalhos passados e atuais relativos ��s manifesta����es gastrointestinais das doen��as difusas do tecido conjuntivo, o que prejudicou an��lises comparativas mais amplas.

Tratamento de feridas cut��neas extensas usando tecido d��rmico acelular porcino com e sem cobertura imperme��vel

FUNDAMENTOS: O tecido d��rmico acelular porcino �� alternativa para o tratamento de feridas cut��neas. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a resposta cl��nica e inflamat��ria do implante de tecido d��rmico acelular porcino, com e sem cobertura imperme��vel. M��TODOS: Estudo pareado, longitudinal, criando-se duas feridas cut��neas no dorso de 16 ratos (quatro animais/grupo), em que foi implantado tecido d��rmico acelular coberto ou n��o por imperme��vel. Os animais foram avaliados e sacrificados sete, 15, 30 e 60 dias ap��s a cirurgia, sendo removidos os tecidos acelulares e adjacentes para avalia����o histol��gica e morfom��trica. RESULTADOS: A cobertura imperme��vel permaneceu sobre o tecido acelular porcino at�� cerca de 15 dias. O grupo sem imperme��vel apresentou maior desidrata����o, com crosta fibrinoleucocit��ria, edema e rea����o inflamat��ria na derme. Sessenta dias ap��s a cirurgia, animais do grupo sem imperme��vel ainda apresentavam ulcera����es, afinamento do epit��lio e aus��ncia de queratina, enquanto nos do grupo com imperme��vel a pele j�� se encontrava normal. CONCLUS��O: O tecido d��rmico acelular porcino com cobertura imperme��vel apresentou resultados cl��nicos e histol��gicos melhores do que os do tecido d��rmico acelular porcino sem imperme��vel para tratamento de feridas cut��neas extensas.

Crescimento dos tecidos muscular e adiposo de f��meas bovinas de diferentes grupos gen��ticos no modelo biol��gico superprecoce

Objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento de novilhas de diferentes grupos gen��ticos no sistema de produ����o superprecoce. Utilizaram-se 132 novilhas dos seguintes grupos gen��ticos: 18 �� Canchim �� �� Nelore (�� CN); 18 �� Canchim �� �� Nelore (�� CN); 24 Simbrasil -��� Simental �� ��� Nelore; e 72 Three-cross �� Simental �� �� Nelore �� �� Angus. As novilhas foram desmamadas aos 210 dias de idade, com 247,4 �� 16,5 kg de peso vivo (PV), mantidas em creep-feeding durante a fase de cria e confinadas por 132 �� 14 dias at�� atingirem 350 kg PV e 5 mm de gordura subcut��nea, quando, ent��o, foram abatidas. Os grupos gen��ticos n��o influenciaram o ganho de peso m��dio di��rio, por��m a espessura de gordura subcut��nea do dorso (EGS) e da garupa (EGG) foi maior nos animais Three-cross, que apresentaram os maiores valores iniciais (1,07 kg/dia). N��o houve diferen��a na ��rea de olho-de-lombo (AOL) inicial, por��m a os animais Three-cross apresentaram os maiores valores iniciais. Nos animais do grupo Three-cross, a ��rea de olho-de-lombo (AOL) final e ajustada para 100 kg de peso vivo (PV) foi inferior �� observada nos demais grupos, por��m o peso final foi superior ao do grupo Simbrasil, com tempo intermedi��rio de confinamento. Ajustando-se os valores de AOL e EGG para o menor n��mero de dias de confinamento (114 dias), animais Simbrasil apresentam maior valor de AOL final e os animais Three-cross e Simbrasil, maior EGG final.

Adesivos �� base de cianoacrilato para s��ntese de tecido mole

FUNDAMENTOS - Adesivos teciduais t��m sido muito usados para s��ntese de ferida, em fun����o de ser um m��todo indolor, r��pido e de f��cil execu����o. OBJETIVOS -Analisar e comparar compatibilidade dos adesivos, etil- cianoacrilato (Super Bonder) e butilcianoacrilato (Histoacryl), e a repara����o de incis��es em dorso de ratos entre o fio de sutura e os respectivos adesivos. M��TODOS - Foram usados 15 ratos. Realizaram-se duas lojas cir��rgicas no dorso. em cada uma, foi implantado um tubo de polietileno (10mm x 1mm), os quais foram preenchidos com os adesivos Super Bonder (lado direito) e Histoacryl (lado esquerdo). As incis��es, do lado esquerdo, foram coaptadas com Super Bonder, e as do lado direito, com Histoacryl. Uma incis��o mediana, entre as duas incis��es,foi realizada e suturada com fio de seda. Os animais foram mortos, depois de 7(sete), 35(trinta) e 120 (cento e vinte dia) dias. RESULTADOS: Os adesivos usados, no presente estudo, n��o promoveram rea����o inflamat��ria, quando usados para s��ntese das incis��es. Por��m, estes adesivos, quando implantados no subcut��neo, promoveram rea����o inflamat��ria at�� 120 (cento e vinte dia) dias, no entanto, a rea����o �� mais intensa com Histoacryl. CONCLUS��ES: Super Bonder e Histoacryl permitem o processo cicatricial dos tecidos incisados; facilitam a sutura das incis��es. Desta forma, estes podem ser utilizados para s��nteses de feridas, lacera����es ou incis��es cut��neas.