De la clandestinité à la fierté : l’appropriation de l’espace urbain par la communauté gay

À partir de la décennie 1970, on voit surgir dans la plupart des métropoles en Occident des quartiers comprenant une grande concentration de ménages gays et d’établissements commerciaux destinés à cette clientèle. Les recherches menées sur le phénomène ont négligé de se pencher sur la façon dont la trajectoire de la communauté homosexuelle locale s’articule au parcours historique, politique et urbain de la ville où le quartier est situé. Ce travail vise à combler cette lacune et à éclairer la trajectoire qui a mené la population gay à s’approprier un espace urbain. Il dresse d’abord un panorama des quartiers étant devenus le secteur homosexuel de la ville et de la vie de ses habitants dans les métropoles de San Francisco, Paris et Montréal, à partir de sources secondaires sur l’urbanisation du quartier et sur la communauté gay locale depuis 1900 jusqu’à nos jours. Ensuite, il compare leur évolution selon une périodisation comportant deux axes principaux : l’époque où les homosexuels avaient un vécu clandestin dans la ville et la période où les gays cherchaient à vivre leur sexualité dans la sphère publique. Le résultat montre une trajectoire similaire où la sortie de la clandestinité aboutisse à un quartier ouvert, gentryfié et touristique qui passe par une formation de ghetto liée au contexte économique et politique national, mais aussi au cadre urbain de la ville. En identifiant les facteurs déterminants, il était possible de concevoir l’existence de figures types de quartier gay rendant possible la vie communautaire : le quartier gay portuaire et militant, le quartier symbole d’une culture et le quartier bastion ethnique.

Itinerarios burocráticos y ciudadanía transitoria: un acercamiento al desplazamiento Emberá en Bogotá.

Del año 2013 al 2015, los indígenas Emberá desplazados en Bogotá, a causa del reconocimiento que el estado les dio por ser sujetos del desplazamiento, estuvieron obligados a encarar dos formas de gubernamentalidad estatal que tuvieron múltiples consecuencias en su vida cotidiana. La primera de estas formas de gubernamentalidad se manifestó en una ciudadanía multicultural (aquí llamada ciudadanía transitoria) la cual, desde el subsidio de vivienda reconocido con albergues en la ciudad, limitó diferentes derechos Emberá bajo el argumento multicultural de que en la ciudad la cultura y, ellos mismos físicamente, eran vulnerables. La consecuencia de este discurso, con el que se les permitió dormir en un techo digno, fue la de obligarlos en buena medida a asumir su vida en la ciudad como un transito hacia el retorno a su territorio de origen, desde donde habían salido, sobre todo, huyendo de la violencia. Por otra parte, la segunda forma de gubernamentalidad tuvo que ver con una serie de itinerarios burocráticos que asumían los Emberá una vez llegaban a la ciudad. Estos eran recorridos que emprendían por diferentes burocracias de los gobiernos nacional y local con el propósito de exigirle al estado el reconocimiento de sus derechos. En cada uno de estos recorridos se desenmascaraba una forma de violencia estatal (característica del funcionamiento de las burocracias) que, como se puede ver en esta tesis, tenía profundas repercusiones en el día a día de los indígenas Emberá dentro de la urbe.

Estructuración y estrategia de implementación de la empresa Outlanders Colombia

En el presente documento vamos a explicar el modelo de implementación y ejecución de la empresa Outlanders Colombia, dedicada al ofrecimiento de experiencias de ecoturismo a un público local y extranjero ubicado en Bogotá principalmente caracterizado por ser dinámico y buscar la realización de actividades de contacto con la naturaleza. Para el año 2018 queremos posicionarnos como una empresa referente en nuestro sector por ofrecer servicios de alta calidad en los destinos que abarcamos. Adicionalmente buscaremos concretar la realización de alianzas y acuerdos de cooperación con universidades, ONG´s y demás entidades que puedan ser fuentes de usuarios para nuestras actividades. Por otra parte y aprovechando un eventual escenario de paz en nuestro país, continuaremos con la exploración de lugares de alto atractivo natural en toda Colombia y seguiremos con nuestro modelo de desarrollo de alianzas con operadores y guías turísticos locales que tengan experiencia en la atención al mercado local y se adecúen a la gestión de calidad que planteamos para la prestación de servicios a un público más exigente. Dentro de nuestro portafolio actual ofrecemos productos enmarcados en 4 categorías distintas: Actividades de 1 día, Experiencias en ambientes naturales, recorridos por corredores turísticos y expediciones técnicas. En un futuro cercano desarrollaremos una nueva categoría: Inmersiones etnográficas, en donde pretendemos que nuestro cliente comparta con comunidades indígenas y socialmente lejanas al pensamiento occidental. Para hacer conocer al cliente potencial de nuestros servicios, realizaremos inicialmente caminatas y recorridos gratuitos en donde la gente interesada en actividades outdoor tenga una “muestra gratis” de nuestros servicios. Adicionalmente estamos en proceso de consolidación de alianzas para la promoción de nuestros servicios en entidades con flujo de clientes potenciales: Universidades, ONG´s, colegios, etc. Para complementar nuestra estrategia de publicidad y mercadeo realizaremos una fuerte presencia en redes sociales y canales virtuales de mercadeo. Sabemos de la gran influencia que tiene el componente audiovisual en la promoción de nuestros servicios por lo que nos enfocaremos en mostrar imágenes de lugares con alto atractivo natural por nuestros medios virtuales. Por otra parte sabemos de la importancia de ofrecer un servicio de alta calidad a nuestros turistas, por lo que nos aseguraremos de contar con equipo y personal adecuado para el desarrollo de las actividades. Programas de aseguramiento de la calidad y mejora continua son para nosotros una prioridad. Nuestro equipo inicialmente se compone de dos personas, que se encargan inicialmente de desarrollar labores en las dos principales áreas con las que por el momento cuenta la empresa: Logística y Marketing. Sin embargo para la realización de nuestras actividades contratamos temporalmente (dependiendo de la duración de los viajes) los servicios de expertos, guías y una serie de terceros preferiblemente provenientes de los lugares que visitamos. Actualmente contamos con experiencia en el sector con un acumulado de más de 30 viajes organizados en distintos destinos dentro del país que hacen parte de nuestro portafolio. Nos visualizamos como expertos en la realización de viajes destinos de difícil acceso en el país y así mismo nos queremos posicionar como una empresa ambiental y socialmente responsable con un modelo financiero sostenible.

Proposta de valorização de espaço aberto público da aldeia da Luz

A construção da barragem do Alqueva causou várias transformações na paisagem ao nível sócioeconómico e ecológico. A submersão da antiga aldeia da Luz foi resultado desta construção, com consequente construção de uma nova aldeia. Um acontecimento que é marcante na história do Alqueva. O objetivo do trabalho de projeto é valorizar os espaços abertos públicos da nova aldeia e espaço envolvente. Esta estratégia assentou no reconhecimento e valorização dos sistemas ecológicos e culturais aí presentes, e na valorização do potencial turístico que lhe está associada. A metodologia do trabalho inclui uma análise das aldeias e realização de um inquérito à população (habitantes, residentes ocasionais e visitantes) com o fim de melhor responder aos seus anseios no presente. O trabalho culmina com a Proposta de Valorização de Espaço Aberto Público para a aldeia da Luz e espaço próximo envolvente e com o Plano de Estrutura Ecológica e Cultural (urbana e rural); Aldeia da Luz: towards the open public spaces valorization ABSTRACT: The construction of the Alqueva dam has caused several landscape transformations, in the socioeconomical, ecological matter. The submersion of the old Luz village was a direct result of this construction, with the consequent construction of a new Luz village. An event, which is remarkable in the Alqueva history. The project work objective is to value the public open spaces of the new village and its surrounding space. This strategy settled on the recognition and appreciation of the existing ecological and cultural systems, and in the touristic potential that is associated with it. The work methodology includes analysis of the villages and a survey fulfilment targeting the population (habitants, occasional residents and visitors) with the intent of better answering their current desires. The work culminates with the Public Open Space Appreciation Proposal for the Luz village and nearby surrounding space, and with the Ecological and Cultural Structures Plan (urban and rural).

Elites e educação: itinerários escolares e percursos profissionais. Alentejo, séculos XIX e XX

A tese examina a relação entre as elites e a educação em Portugal durante a Monarquia Constitucional e na Iª República. Em primeiro lugar caracteriza o quadro europeu no qual emergiram os modernos sistemas de ensino, focando-se depois na análise dos processos de segmentação que separaram o ensino clássico do ensino técnico, passando em revista a literatura sobre o reformismo educativo português. Em segundo, analisa o processo de segmentação na cidade de Évora, capital de uma região caracterizada pela prática de uma agricultura essencialmente extensiva e comercial, na qual estavam implantadas as instituições de ensino que constituem o objeto de estudo: o Liceu e a Escola Industrial. Em terceiro, procede à caracterização dos espaços escolares; em quarto estuda as condutas públicas dos agentes educativos, em particular dos reitores e dos professores, colocando em destaque a sua intervenção pública; em quinto, caracteriza a procura a que foram sujeitos os vários institutos de ensino estudados: a ênfase foi colocada na mobilidade geográfica aferida a partir da naturalidade dos alunos e da residência dos pais; em sexto, foi efetuada a análise da extração social dos alunos e o perfil ocupacional dos pais. Finalmente, em último lugar, foram reconstituídos os percursos académicos e profissionais dos alunos liceais no arco cronológico antes enunciado; Elites and Education.School itineraries and career paths.Alentejo, 19th and 20th centuries. Abstract: The thesis examines the relation between elites and education in Portugal, during the Constitutional Monarchy and the First Republic. Firstly, it characterises the European context in which modern teaching systems emerged and it focuses on the analysis of the processes of segmentation that separate classic and technical teaching. It reviews literature on Portuguese educational reformism, centred on classic and technical teaching. Secondly, it analyses the process of segmentation in Évora, capital of a region that is characterised by agriculture, which is essentially extensive and commercial, home to the education institutions our study focuses on: the Liceu and the Industrial School. Thirdly, school facilities are characterised; then, public behaviour of educators, namely that of headmasters and teachers, highlighting their public intervention; it characterises the demand in these institutions - the emphasis is placed on geographic mobility, considering students' birthplace and their parents' residence; a study on students' backgrounds and parents' occupational profiles is carried out. Eventually, the academic and professional itineraries of Liceu students' are reconstituted, within the formerly described chronological arch.

MOTIVATION AND SATISFACTION IN CONTEXT OF JOB TRAINING IN TOURIST ORGANIZATIONS

This research aims to determine the dimensions of motivation and satisfaction, acquired, through the perception in context of job training, by future technicians (students) in the hospitality and tourism industry, particularly by technical courses in the hotel and restaurant sector. The methodology comprises three distinct stages. First were recovered instruments (questionnaires), already validated by other authors of motivation and satisfaction, which had the intention to replicate studies conducted in other scientific knowledge fields, such as tourism. Those instruments were recovered from the reviewed literature conducted about other themes. On second place the measuring instruments were submitted to a pre-test, or rather, were subject of a pioneer study, in order to verify other assumptions such as semantic errors or see if there was the possibility of some prepared questions to be consider invalidated by poor formulation or interpretation. Finally, were applied in three educational institutions who agreed to cooperate on the research, with the reservation that the interviewed needed a mandatory pre-requirement that consisted in conducting a minimum training in work context (TWC). Then, proceed the statistical analysis to support all the empirical part. The results show that, in general, motivation and satisfaction were present during the period of training in work context. To some people it meant a very important period of personal and professional life, concerning the interactions, emotions and involvement with touristic organizations but also the personal and social relationships.

ESTIMACIÓN DE LA ISLA DE CALOR EN SANTA TERESITA, PARTIDO DE LA COSTA, PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA

En los últimos años, la modificación que el medio urbano ejerce sobre el clima regional a una escala local, la llamada isla de calor urbana, ha sido uno de los fenómenos más estudiados, dado que tiene una relación directa con el confort y la calidad de vida de la población. Es por ello que el presente trabajo tiene por objeto presentar los primeros resultados de la estimación la isla de calor urbana en Santa Teresita, una localidad balnearia ubicada en el centro este de la provincia de Buenos Aires, a los 33º 33´ 00´´ S y 56º 41´ 00´´ O. La ciudad ha nacido y crecido con un fin turístico asociado al clima templado oceánico y a sus atractivas playas. Se efectuaron mediciones de temperatura del aire y humedad relativa a través de la ciudad para determinar la forma y la intensidad de la isla de calor urbano utilizando estaciones móviles e información de una estación meteorológica fija y datos del Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. La ciudad presenta una variación climática generada por las edificaciones, la incidencia del mar y de la vegetación, diferente a lo largo del día.Palabras Clave: Isla de calor urbana – Temperatura - Humedad relativa - Santa Teresita, ArgentinaAbstracIn the last years, the modification that the urban way exercises on the regional climate to a local scale, the so called urban heat island, has been one of the most studied phenomena ast it has a direct relation with the comfort and quality of life of the population. It is for it that the present work takes as an object present the initial results of estimating the urban heat island in Santa Teresita, a touristic locality located in the central eastern province of Buenos Aires, the 33º 3 ‘00 “ S and 56º40‘00 “ W. The city was born and grew up with a tourism associated with the moderate oceanic climate and with their attractive beaches. There were effected measurements of temperature of the air and relative dampness across the city to determine the form and the intensity of the urban heat island using mobile stations and information from a wheater station data sets and the Meteorological National Service. The city has a diverged climate generated by the buildings, the incident of the sea and of the vegetation, different throughout the day.Key words: Urban heat island - Temperature - Relative dampness - Santa Teresita, Argentina.

LAGUNA HULE: EXPERIENCIA DE UN MODELO ECOTURISTICO COMUNITARIO

El principal atractivo turístico de Costa Rica lo constituyen sus recursos naturales; de ahí que en los últimos años se ha presentado el acelerado desarrollo de una serie de proyectos llamados “ecoturísticos”, ejecutados por grandes consorcios, en la mayoría de los casos con el aporte de capital extranjero. El proyecto que se describe en el presente artículo lo ejecutan las comunidades de Cariblanco, Ujarrás y Los Angeles, ubicadas en las zonas aledañas al Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Bosque Alegre. Esta experiencia representa un modelo de desarrollo turístico, que se puede llevar a cabo en otras poblaciones rurales, que cuenten COfl los componentes necesarios para la protección y la conservación de sus recursos naturales, asimismo posibilita la utilización de estos desde una perspectiva de sostenibilidad. El trabajo comunitario se realizó con niños de edad escolar, jóvenes, docentes, líderes comunales y amas de casa. Estos grupos mcta constituyen los verdaderos núcleos de apoyo por medio de los cuales se realizan los diversos subproyectos que se ejecutan en el ámbito del turismo ecológico en el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Bosque Alegre. Abstract:The main touristic altractive of Costa Rica is its natural resources. For this reason, during the last years there are an accelerate development of ecotouristic project by transnational. The project thai is described in ihis article is carrying out by the Cariblanco, Ujarras and Los Angeles Communities located next to the Wildlife National Refugee of Bosque Alegre. This experiene is a model of tourism development thai can be carrying out in others rural communities thai has the difference component of conservation and preservation of the natural resources. For other hand, it gives the opportunity Lo use and management the natural resources basing in the sustainable approach. The community work was realized with school children, young people, teachers, community leader and housekeepers. Those target groups are (he real people thai support the different activities of the projects that are carry out in to the Wildlife National Refugee of Bosque Alegre.

Sinodi ecclesiastici dell'impero romano d'Oriente (IV-VIII secolo). Organizzazione, spazi, cerimoniale.

La ricerca aveva come obiettivo principale quello di esaminare i sinodi svoltisi nell’Impero Romano d'Oriente, in Italia e in Africa nel periodo compreso tra il 325 e 787. L’obiettivo era quello di porre particolare attenzione a tutti quei temi legati all’organizzazione, alla logistica, ai luoghi di svolgimento e agli aspetti cerimoniali collegati ai momenti di manifestazione dell’autorità ecclesiastica e civile, poco noti nella storiografia moderna. Poco, infatti, si conosce delle forme di convocazione dei presuli, degli itinerari e delle modalità di viaggio che essi affrontavano per raggiungere la sede conciliare; è inoltre particolarmente difficile ricostruire i regolamenti che caratterizzavano le discussioni del consesso riunito, le modalità di voto e la formulazione delle deliberazioni; poco si conosce ad oggi anche delle varie categorie di persone che prendevano parte attiva ai dibattiti con funzioni e ruoli differenti e le varie tipologie di luoghi e aule impiegate per le riunioni e per l’ospitalità dei partecipanti, delle modalità di sfruttamento degli spazi da loro occupati e del cerimoniale che doveva essere rigorosamente seguito dai presenti. Sulla base di una prima campionatura introduttiva basata sui primi tre volumi dell'opera di Hefele-Leclercq coniugati con la raccolta di atti conciliari del Mansi, sono stati censiti più di 300 sinodi di varia natura. Partendo da questo dato preliminare sono stati selezionati 80 casi per i quali è stato possibile risalire all’edificio in cui i dibattiti sinodali si svolsero e intorno ai quali è stata svolta l’intera ricerca.

A first survey on the status of the Posidonia oceanica meadow in Calpe Bay (Alicante, Spain).

Posidonia oceanica, endemic seagrass of the Mediterranean Sea, forms extensive meadows. It is included among the Mediterranean protected habitats by the Habitat Directive (92/43/EEC). P. oceanica meadows are exposed to anthropogenic impacts that are more evident in areas close to cities, ports or areas with a large coastal tourism development. Mean exponential decline rate of 5 % yr-1 is estimated for the Spanish meadows. If this trend is maintained, most of the meadows are predicted to halve in shoot density over the next 20 years. The meadows regression can give way to a new regime, which supposes the loss of the multiple services that the meadows provided. It is necessary to recognize situations of stress in time, before irreversible damages and changes towards alternative regimes are evident. This study has been carried out in Calpe Bay, Alicante (Spain), during May and June 2017, with the aim of assessing, for the first time, the status of the P. oceanica meadows providing a baseline data for the future monitoring scheme. The features and status of the seagrass beds have been assessed by physical, physiographical, structural and functional descriptors. The results showed that the health status classification of P. oceanica meadows in Calpe Bay vary between “equilibrium” and “disturbed”. The “disturbed” conditions were observed in a shaded area where it is probably due to the low solar radiance. In a lower limit in a shallow meadow, where it could be due to the combined effect of substrate structure and hydrodynamic regime. Finally in a touristic area where patchy impacts could be attributed to direct human disturbance (e.g. anchoring). Overall the status of P. oceanica meadows in Calpe bay is not worrying. However, it is important to develop monitoring plans to assess the dynamics of the seagrass detecting any early decline symptom in order to act, as soon as possible because, when a regression of a meadow is produced, it could not be recovered at human scales.

Proximity detection protocols for IoT devices

In recent years, we have witnessed the growth of the Internet of Things paradigm, with its increased pervasiveness in our everyday lives. The possible applications are diverse: from a smartwatch able to measure heartbeat and communicate it to the cloud, to the device that triggers an event when we approach an exhibit in a museum. Present in many of these applications is the Proximity Detection task: for instance the heartbeat could be measured only when the wearer is near to a well defined location for medical purposes or the touristic attraction must be triggered only if someone is very close to it. Indeed, the ability of an IoT device to sense the presence of other devices nearby and calculate the distance to them can be considered the cornerstone of various applications, motivating research on this fundamental topic. The energy constraints of the IoT devices are often in contrast with the needs of continuous operations to sense the environment and to achieve high accurate distance measurements from the neighbors, thus making the design of Proximity Detection protocols a challenging task.

Spatial-temporal variability of the benthic communities in Ravenna harbour using Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) with focus on Non-Indigenous Species (NIS)

A Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) is defined as an organism, introduced outside its natural past or present range of distribution by humans, that successfully survives, reproduces, and establish in the new environment. Harbors and tourist marinas are considered NIS hotspots, as they are departure and arrival points for numerous vessels and because of the presence of free artificial substrates, which facilitate colonization by NIS. To early detect the arrival of new NIS, monitoring benthic communities in ports is essential. Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) are standardized passive collectors that are used to assess marine benthic communities. Here we use an integrative approach based on multiple 3-month ARMS deployment (from April 2021 to October 2022) to characterize the benthic communities (with a focus on NIS) of two sites: a commercial port (Harbor) and a touristic Marina (Marina) of Ravenna. The colonizing sessile communities were assessed using percentage coverage of the taxa trough image analyses and vagile fauna (> 2 mm) was identified morphologically using a stereomicroscope and light microscope. Overall, 97 taxa were identified and 19 of them were NIS. All NIS were already observed in port environments in the Mediterranean Sea, but for the first time the presence of the polychaete Schistomeringos cf. japonica (Annenkova, 1937) was observed; however molecular analysis is needed to confirm its identity. Harbor and Marina host significantly different benthic communities, with significantly different abundance depending on the sampling period. While the differences between sites are related to their different environmental characteristic and their anthropogenic pressures, differences among times seems related to the different life cycle of the main abundant species. This thesis evidenced that ARMS, together with integrative taxonomic approaches, represent useful tools to early detect NIS and could be used for a long-term monitoring of their presence.