Renewable Energy Systems in the City of Northglenn: Draft Zoning Ordinance and Resident Pamphlet

Recent federal incentives and increased demand for home photovoltaic and small wind electrical systems highlights the need for consistent zoning ordinances and guidance materials for Northglenn residents. This Capstone Project assesses perceived impacts related to renewable energy systems, like noise, safety, aesthetics, and environmental considerations, and provides a model ordinance intended to mitigate these issues. It was concluded a model ordinance would ease and stimulate additions of alternative energy systems in Northglenn. Additionally, this research concluded development of public information could stimulate homeowners into positive decisions. The project also identifies potential financial and environmental benefits of installing such systems in an effort to promote sustainable and clean energy production within the city.

Renewable Energies and Community Associations: Providing Homeowners with Renewable Energy Options

As energy costs increase in Colorado more homeowners will need renewable energies to provide electricity, heating and cooling for their homes. Renewable energy technology and energy efficient measures have been available for decades but Homeowner Associations (HOA) has not permitted this technology into communities primarily because of aesthetics. In April 2008, House Bill 1270 was signed into law that gives homeowners the right to make their homes more energy efficient and install renewable energy generation devices. The purpose of this capstone is to enable HOAs with information on available technology and design guideline options that can be integrated into communities and thus encourage, instead of hinder, the use of renewable energy and energy efficient measures.

Sustainable Energy Plan for a Small Island Economy: St. Vincent & the Grenadines

This paper defines a sustainable energy plan to provide the basis for renewable energy initiatives that will increase energy security, reduce negative economic impacts and provide a cleaner environment. The hotel, agriculture, transportation, construction, utility, government and private sectors will play pivotal roles in achieving targets and will see significant gains. Government policies, educational campaigns and financial incentives will be required to facilitate and encourage renewable energy development and entrepreneurship. Utilization of solar energy, energy conservation measures and the use of efficient and alternative fuel vehicles by the commercial/industrial and private sectors will be crucial in meeting targets. The utility company will be charged with developing large scale renewable energy applications and with improving efficiency of the electrical system.

Adaptabilidad de la energía solar fotovoltaica sobre fachadas urbanas

La integración de energía solar fotovoltaica en edificios es una estrategia energética y medioambiental acreditada con un futuro muy prometedor. Para su promoción, tan importantes son los incentivos económicos, el desarrollo legislativo y las mejoras tecnológicas, como la investigación en nuevas herramientas de simulación y análisis que sirvan de apoyo en el diseño de nuevas estrategias energéticas y medioambientales. La tesis pretende contribuir en esta labor de difusión, planteándose cómo incide la radiación solar sobre los entornos urbanos, con la finalidad de generar un procedimiento que obtenga el potencial de integración de energía solar fotovoltaica en fachadas. Se trabajará para lograr un método simplificado de simulación y cálculo de la energía producida en base a sistema de información geográfica (SIG), con la capacidad de generar mapas solares que muestren el potencial de integración arquitectónica fotovoltaica sobre fachadas a partir de la cartografía catastral. El nombre asignado para este método es AdaptaSolar. Con este objetivo se ha desarrollado la presente tesis que se estructura en seis capítulos, más las conclusiones y anexos, con los que se pretende definir y desarrollar el tema de tesis planteado. El primer capítulo, realiza una visión general sobre la integración arquitectónica de los sistemas fotovoltaicos, junto con el planteamiento y objetivos de la tesis. El segundo capítulo, plasma una revisión profunda sobre del estado actual de los temas relacionados con el planteamiento y objeto de esta tesis: estimación de la radiación solar, estimación de la radiación solar sobre fachadas y estudio del potencial de integración arquitectónica fotovoltaica en fachadas. El capítulo tres, de carácter teórico, recoge un análisis general sobre la energía solar fotovoltaica, desde el efecto fotovoltaico hasta las aplicaciones e instalación, sin perder de vista los objetivos generales marcados en la tesis. Destaca, sobre todo, la catalogación de las tecnologías fotovoltaicas más prometedoras, además, de la recopilación y análisis de los factores más importantes que influyen en la captación fotovoltaica. El capítulo cuatro, también de carácter teórico, profundiza en el modo en el que la radiación solar incide sobre la superficie terrestre, analizando la naturaleza de la radiación solar y la geometría del sistema solar. Destaca el exhaustivo análisis de los principales métodos de cálculo para la estimación de la radiación solar sobre superficies horizontales e inclinadas, especialmente, la recopilación de modelos numéricos para la estimación de la irradiación difusa. El capítulo cinco, desarrolla el concepto de integración fotovoltaica en edificios, sus principales características y las ventajas que reporta. Además, realiza un análisis muy interesante sobre la situación actual de la integración fotovoltaica en edificios en España. Por último, incluye una selección de los proyectos más relevantes de integración arquitectónica. El capítulo seis, desarrolla el método planteado para la evaluación de la adaptabilidad de energía solar fotovoltaica en entonos urbanos, objeto de la tesis. Siendo éste, por tanto, el capítulo más experimental y significativo de la misma. Este capítulo está dividido en seis subapartados, siendo los dos primeros la introducción y el modelo geométrico planteado para el desarrollo del método. Los tres siguientes apartados, muestra el desarrollo del método en tres fases consecutivas: estimación de la insolación, la radiación y el potencial de integración de sistemas fotovoltaicos sobre fachada. En cada uno de estos apartados, se realiza la correspondiente validación y análisis de resultados, mediante la generación de una serie de gráficas que muestran el comportamiento anual del sol sobre las fachadas y el efecto adverso del sombreado entre edificios. El sexto apartado de este capítulo, detalla los pasos seguidos para efectuar la implementación del método experimental en el SIG, desde la preparación y obtención de los datos cartográficos de partida, hasta el desarrollo y ejecución del algoritmo principal. Además se muestran los resultados obtenidos para un área urbana concreta de la ciudad de Madrid. Por último, el capítulo siete recoge las conclusiones más importantes del trabajo y propone una serie de líneas de investigación futuras que se consideran relevantes para la continuidad del método planteado en la tesis.

The expensive energy revolution in Germany. The implementation of the Energiewende is behind schedule. OSW Commentary No. 77, 2012-05-10

One year after the events of Fukushima the implementation of the new German energy strategy adopted in the summer of 2011 is being verified. Business circles, experts and publicists are sounding the alarm. The tempo at which the German economy is being rearranged in order that it uses renewable energy sources is so that it has turned out to be an extremely difficult and expensive task. The implementation of the key guidelines of the new strategy, such as the development of the transmission networks and the construction of new conventional power plants, is meeting increasing resistance in the form of economic and legal difficulties. The development of the green technologies sector is also posing problems. The solar energy industry, for example, is excessively subsidised, whereas the subsidies for the construction of maritime wind farms are too low. At present, only those guidelines of the strategy which are evaluated as economically feasible by investors or which receive adequate financial support from the state have a chance of being carried through. The strategy may also turn out to be unsuccessful due to the lack of a comprehensive coordination of its implementation and the financial burden its introduction entails for both the public and the economy. In the immediate future, the German government will make efforts not only to revise its internal regulations in order to enable the realisation of the energy transformation; it is also likely to undertake a number of measures at the EU forum which will facilitate this realisation. One should expect that the German government will actively support the financing of both the development of the energy networks in EU member states and the development of renewable energy sources in the energy sector.

Low-cost batteries will not disrupt (all) energy utilities. CEPS Commentary, 5 October 2015

With the launch last April of an affordable lithium-ion home battery – the Powerwall – Tesla’s CEO Elon Musk is betting that batteries are going to become a mass market. This may very well become reality, but this commentary argues that one should not jump to the conclusion that this is the end of energy utilities. Similar to solar panels, batteries have high upfront costs. The massive deployment of solar was driven by dedicated policy support, in many cases without any kind of cost or volume control. There is no such thing for batteries. In the absence of financing programmes, the author finds that high upfront costs provide an unfavourable starting point for a disruptive development. But he notes that the fact that self-consumption of stored solar energy will soon pay for consumers represents a paradigm shift in the power industry, which should be seen as an opportunity, at least for first-movers.

Reaching up, reaching out : a guide to organizing local solar events /

Mode of access: Internet.

Photovoltaic mechanisms in polycrystalline thin film silicon solar cells : quarterly technical progress report no. 1, July 30-October 31, 1980 /

"Work Performed Under Contract No. AC02-77CH00178."

Materials for high efficiency monolithic multigap concentrator solar cells : SERI quarterly report no. 4, January 1 - March 31, 1980.

"Work Performed Under Contract No. AC02-77CH00178."

Commercialization of a thick film solar cell : quarterly technical progress report for April 1 - June 30, 1980 /

"Work Performed Under Contract No. AC02-77CH00178."

Commercialization of a thick film solar cell : quarterly technical progress report for period September 1 - October 1, 1980 /

"Work Performed Under Contract No. AC02-77CH00178."

Low-cost sprayed CdTe solar-cell research : third quarterly progress report for period February 15 - May 14, 1980 /

"Work Performed Under Contract No. AC02-77CH00178."

Low-cost process for P-N junction-type solar cell : quarterly report 4 for May 30 - September 1, 1980 /

"Work Performed Under Contract No. AC02-77CH00178."

Low-cost substrates for polycrystalline-silicon solar cells by electrodeposition processes : thord quarterly progress report for April 1 - June 30, 1980 /

"Work Performed Under Contract No. AC02-77CH00178."

Development of copper sulfide/cadmium sulfide thin-film solar cell s : third technical progress report, January 13 - April 12, 1980 /

"Work Performed Under Contract No. AC02-77CH00178."