Unified compression model for venice lagoon natural silts

Over the last 50 years, the city of Venice, Italy, has observed a significant increase in the frequency of flooding. Numerous engineering solutions have been proposed, including the use of movable gates located at the three lagoon inlets. A key element in the prediction of performance is the estimation of settlements of the foundation system of the gates. The soils of Venice Lagoon are characterized by very erratic depositional patterns of clayey silts, resulting in an extremely heterogeneous stratigraphy with discontinuous layering. The soils are also characterized by varying contents of coarse and fine-grained particles. In contrast, the mineralogical composition of these deposits is quite uniform, which allows us to separate the influence of mineralogy from that of grain size distribution. A comprehensive geotechnical testing program was performed to assess the one-dimensional compression of Venice soils and examine the factors affecting the response in the transition from one material type to another. The compressibility of these natural silty clayey soils can be described by a single set of constitutive laws incorporating the relative fraction of granular to cohesive material. © 2007 ASCE.

Centrifuge modeling of seismic liquefaction effects on adjacent shallow foundations

Shallow foundations built on saturated deposits of granular soils in seismically active areas are, regardless of their static bearing capacity, critical structures during seismic events. A single centrifuge experiment involving shallow foundations situated atop a liquefiable soil deposit has been performed to identify the mechanisms involved in the interaction between liquefaction-induced effects on neighboring shallow foundations. Centrifuge test results indicate that liquefaction causes significant settlements of footings, which are affected by the presence of neighboring foundations and can be extremely damaging to the superstructure. The understanding of these interaction effects is very important, mainly in densely populated urban areas. The development of high excess pore-pressures, localized drainage in response to the high transient hydraulic gradients, and earthquake-induced vertical motions to the footings are also important effects that are discussed to assist in enhancing current understanding and ability to predict liquefaction effects on shallow foundations. © 2014 Taylor & Francis Group.

Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to spring viraemia of carp virus

Five monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against spring viraemia of carp (SVCV0504, isolated from common carp in China) were produced from mice immunized with purified virus preparations. The virion of SVCV contains five structural proteins, representing the nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), glycoprotein (G) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (Q. Western blotting analysis revealed that three mAbs (1145, IE10, and 11-17) recognized specifically to a single protein of 47 kDa (N), the mAb 3G4 reacted with, two SVCV0504 proteins of 69 kDa (G) and 47 kDa (N), while the mAb 1A9 reacted with three SVCV0504 proteins of 69 kDa (G), 50 kDa (P), and 47 kDa (N). By indirect ELISA, two mAbs (1H5 and 11-17) showed cross-reactivity with pike fry rhabdovirus (PFRV), but no cross-reactions with the Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV), Scophthalmus maximus rhabdovirus (SMRV), Paralichthys olivaceus rhabdovirus (PoRV) were demonstrated with the five mAbs. Indirect immunofluorescence showed intense fluorescence in the cytoplasm of the SVCV0504-infected epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells in areas corresponding to the location of granular structures. The sucrose gradient-purified SVCV0504 particles could be detected successfully by these mAbs using immunodot blotting. mAb 1A9 could completely neutralize 100 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) of SVCV0504 at a dilution of 1:8. This is the first report of development of the neutralizing mAbs against SVCV. The mAb 1A9 was analyzed further and could be used to successfully detect viral antigens in the infected-EPC cell cultures or in cryosections from experimentally infected crucian carp (Carassius auratus) by immunohistochemistry assay. Furthermore, a flow cytometry procedure for the detection and quantification of cytoplasmic SVCV0504 in cell cultures was developed with mAb 1A9. At 28 h after inoculation with the virus (0.01 PFU/cell), 10.12% of infected cells could be distinguished from the uninfected cells. These mAbs will be useful in diagnostic test development and pathogenesis studies for fish rhabdovirus. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Current research in embankment dam engineering at imperial college London

This paper gives a short introduction to two research streams in embankment dam engineering underway at Imperial College London. The first is the modelling of embankment dam behaviour during earthquakes and the second is an investigation into the susceptibility of granular filters to internal erosion. The research motivation, methods and expected outcomes of each stream are discussed.

Formation of ferromagnetic clusters in GaAs matrix and GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice through Mn ion implantation at two different temperatures

Different submicron ferromagnets are fabricated into GaAs and GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice through ion implantation at two different temperatures followed by thermal annealing. The structural and magnetic properties of the granular film are studied by an atomic force microscope, X-ray diffraction and alternating gradient magnetometer. By analyzing the saturation magnetization M-s, remanence M-r, coercivity H-c and remanence ratio S-q, it is confirmed that both MnGa and MnAs clusters are formed in the 350degreesC-implanted samples whereas only MnAs clusters are formed in the room-temperature implanted samples. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Investigation of Mn-doped Si films prepared by magnetron cosputtering

Mn-doped Si films were prepared on Si(001) substrates by magnetron cosputtering and post-annealing process. The structural, morphological and magnetic properties of the films have been investigated. X-ray diffraction results show that the as-prepared film is amorphous. By annealing at 800 degrees C, however, the film is crystallized. There is no secondary phase found except Si in the two films. Chemical mapping shows that no segregation of the Mn atoms appears in the annealed film. Atomic force microscopy images of the films indicate that the annealed film has a granular feature that covers uniformly the film surface while there is no such kind of characteristic in the as-prepared film. The field dependence of magnetization was measured using an alternating gradient magnetometer, and it has been indicated that the annealed film shows room-temperature ferromagnetism. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A new development on ANN in China - Biomimetic pattern recognition and multi weight vector neurons

A new model of pattern recognition principles-Biomimetic Pattern Recognition, which is based on "matter cognition" instead of "matter classification", has been proposed. As a important means realizing Biomimetic Pattern Recognition, the mathematical model and analyzing method of ANN get breakthrough: a novel all-purpose mathematical model has been advanced, which can simulate all kinds of neuron architecture, including RBF and BP models. As the same time this model has been realized using hardware; the high-dimension space geometry method, a new means to analyzing ANN, has been researched.

A new development on ANN in China - Biomimetic pattern recognition and multi weight vector neurons

A new model of pattern recognition principles-Biomimetic Pattern Recognition, which is based on "matter cognition" instead of "matter classification", has been proposed. As a important means realizing Biomimetic Pattern Recognition, the mathematical model and analyzing method of ANN get breakthrough: a novel all-purpose mathematical model has been advanced, which can simulate all kinds of neuron architecture, including RBF and BP models. As the same time this model has been realized using hardware; the high-dimension space geometry method, a new means to analyzing ANN, has been researched.

A study of the suppression of the high-temperature helium embrittlement in an oxide-particle dispersion strengthened alloy

In this paper, an investigation on the micro-structure of an Fe-base oxide-dispersion-strengthened (ODS) alloy irradiated with high-energy Ne-20 ions to different doses at a temperature around 0.5T(m) (T-m is the melting point of the alloy) is presented. Investigation with the transmission electron microscopy found that the accelerated growth of voids at grain-boundaries, which is usually a concern in conventional Fe-base alloys under conditions of inert-gas implantation, was not observed in the ODS alloy irradiated even to the highest dose (12000 at.ppm Ne). The reason is ascribed to the enhanced recombination of point defects and strong trapping of Ne atoms at the interfaces of the nano-scale oxide particles in grains. The study showed that ODS alloys have good resistance to the high-temperature inter-granular embrittlement due to inert-gas accumulation, exhibiting prominence of application in harsh situations of considerable helium production at elevated temperatures like in a fusion reactor.

流程工业过程数据的多粒度分析方法及应用研究

现代流程工业产生了大量与生产状态相关的过程数据，其庞大的规模凸显了传统数据分析方法运算复杂度过高、分析规模受限的不足。同时，流程工业生产过程中所包含的一些复杂性，如传感器数据中的高噪音以及异步采样所导致的数据时标不统一等，都增加了过程数据分析的难度。 为了应对上述挑战，本文将粒度计算的思想引入流程工业中的过程数据分析领域。粒度计算是信息处理领域中一种新兴的概念和计算范式，其核心思想是通过适度放松精度要求，在较大粒度上进行分析以提高方法整体的效率和鲁棒性。 本文重点研究了面向过程数据的粒度化分析方法，并围绕该方法的关键性质展开了深入细致的论证，在此基础上给出了选择粒度的方法和准则，最后我们还通过具体实例对上述方法的有效性进行了应用验证。 论文的主要贡献体现在： (1)将粒度计算的思想和过程数据分析方法相结合，提出了一种粒度化的过程数据分析方法，并证明了在特定条件下粒度化的数据分析能够得到原问题解的下界或下确界，为粒度化过程数据分析方法奠定了坚实的理论基础。 (2)深入探讨了不同粒度下过程数据分析的计算复杂性变化情况，提出了一种利用多粒度分析挑选最佳分析粒度的方法。该方法针对现有数据分析方法难于应对海量数据的缺点，可以根据具体应用的精度需求灵活地调整分析粒度，从而降低数据分析的总体计算复杂性。 (3)针对过程数据分析中面临的稳态周期评估问题，提出了一种基于多粒度分析的过程数据稳态周期检测算法。该算法基于我们提出的过程数据质量评估指标，能够灵活地调整查询周期，提供符合应用系统质量需求的数据，同时尽量减少运行开销。 (4)针对大规模软测量面临的计算效率问题，提出了一种基于多粒度分析的软测量方法。该方法通过构建一组粒度化的软测量模型，并依次在多个粒度中求解，最终确定一个既能满足特定精度需求又能确保运算效率最高的粒度。该方法已经得到实践检验并取得良好的效果。

流程工业过程数据的多粒度分析方法与应用研究

现代流程工业产生了大量与生产状态相关的过程数据，其庞大的规模凸显了传统数据分析方法运算复杂度过高、分析规模受限的不足。同时，流程工业生产过程中所包含的一些复杂性，如传感器数据中的高噪音以及异步采样所导致的数据时标不统一等，都增加了过程数据分析的难度。 为了应对上述挑战，本文将粒度计算的思想引入流程工业中的过程数据分析领域。粒度计算是信息处理领域中一种新兴的概念和计算范式，其核心思想是通过适度放松精度要求，在较大粒度上进行分析以提高方法整体的效率和鲁棒性。 本文重点研究了面向过程数据的粒度化分析方法，并围绕该方法的关键性质展开了深入细致的论证，在此基础上给出了选择粒度的方法和准则，最后我们还通过具体实例对上述方法的有效性进行了应用验证。 论文的主要贡献体现在： (1)将粒度计算的思想和过程数据分析方法相结合，提出了一种粒度化的过程数据分析方法，并证明了在特定条件下粒度化的数据分析能够得到原问题解的下界或下确界，为粒度化过程数据分析方法奠定了坚实的理论基础。 (2)深入探讨了不同粒度下过程数据分析的计算复杂性变化情况，提出了一种利用多粒度分析挑选最佳分析粒度的方法。该方法针对现有数据分析方法难于应对海量数据的缺点，可以根据具体应用的精度需求灵活地调整分析粒度，从而降低数据分析的总体计算复杂性。 (3)针对过程数据分析中面临的稳态周期评估问题，提出了一种基于多粒度分析的过程数据稳态周期检测算法。该算法基于我们提出的过程数据质量评估指标，能够灵活地调整查询周期，提供符合应用系统质量需求的数据，同时尽量减少运行开销。 (4)针对大规模软测量面临的计算效率问题，提出了一种基于多粒度分析的软测量方法。该方法通过构建一组粒度化的软测量模型，并依次在多个粒度中求解，最终确定一个既能满足特定精度需求又能确保运算效率最高的粒度。该方法已经得到实践检验并取得良好的效果。